diff --git a/android/arch.go b/android/arch.go
index f732a7d..cbf77c7 100644
--- a/android/arch.go
+++ b/android/arch.go
@@ -1832,10 +1832,10 @@
 	return ret
 }
 
-// firstTarget takes a list of Targets and a list of multilib values and returns a list of Targets
+// FirstTarget takes a list of Targets and a list of multilib values and returns a list of Targets
 // that contains zero or one Target for each OsType, selecting the one that matches the earliest
 // filter.
-func firstTarget(targets []Target, filters ...string) []Target {
+func FirstTarget(targets []Target, filters ...string) []Target {
 	// find the first target from each OS
 	var ret []Target
 	hasHost := false
@@ -1865,9 +1865,9 @@
 	case "common_first":
 		buildTargets = getCommonTargets(targets)
 		if prefer32 {
-			buildTargets = append(buildTargets, firstTarget(targets, "lib32", "lib64")...)
+			buildTargets = append(buildTargets, FirstTarget(targets, "lib32", "lib64")...)
 		} else {
-			buildTargets = append(buildTargets, firstTarget(targets, "lib64", "lib32")...)
+			buildTargets = append(buildTargets, FirstTarget(targets, "lib64", "lib32")...)
 		}
 	case "both":
 		if prefer32 {
@@ -1883,12 +1883,12 @@
 		buildTargets = filterMultilibTargets(targets, "lib64")
 	case "first":
 		if prefer32 {
-			buildTargets = firstTarget(targets, "lib32", "lib64")
+			buildTargets = FirstTarget(targets, "lib32", "lib64")
 		} else {
-			buildTargets = firstTarget(targets, "lib64", "lib32")
+			buildTargets = FirstTarget(targets, "lib64", "lib32")
 		}
 	case "first_prefer32":
-		buildTargets = firstTarget(targets, "lib32", "lib64")
+		buildTargets = FirstTarget(targets, "lib32", "lib64")
 	case "prefer32":
 		buildTargets = filterMultilibTargets(targets, "lib32")
 		if len(buildTargets) == 0 {
diff --git a/android/config.go b/android/config.go
index eb01baa..ef71292 100644
--- a/android/config.go
+++ b/android/config.go
@@ -416,7 +416,7 @@
 	config.BuildOSTarget = config.Targets[config.BuildOS][0]
 	config.BuildOSCommonTarget = getCommonTargets(config.Targets[config.BuildOS])[0]
 	config.AndroidCommonTarget = getCommonTargets(config.Targets[Android])[0]
-	config.AndroidFirstDeviceTarget = firstTarget(config.Targets[Android], "lib64", "lib32")[0]
+	config.AndroidFirstDeviceTarget = FirstTarget(config.Targets[Android], "lib64", "lib32")[0]
 	config.TestProductVariables.DeviceArch = proptools.StringPtr("arm64")
 	config.TestProductVariables.DeviceArchVariant = proptools.StringPtr("armv8-a")
 	config.TestProductVariables.DeviceSecondaryArch = proptools.StringPtr("arm")
@@ -554,7 +554,7 @@
 	// Compilation targets for Android.
 	if len(config.Targets[Android]) > 0 {
 		config.AndroidCommonTarget = getCommonTargets(config.Targets[Android])[0]
-		config.AndroidFirstDeviceTarget = firstTarget(config.Targets[Android], "lib64", "lib32")[0]
+		config.AndroidFirstDeviceTarget = FirstTarget(config.Targets[Android], "lib64", "lib32")[0]
 	}
 
 	config.BazelContext, err = NewBazelContext(config)
diff --git a/java/java.go b/java/java.go
index 0dfb968..feb49ad 100644
--- a/java/java.go
+++ b/java/java.go
@@ -864,7 +864,25 @@
 	Data_native_bins []string `android:"arch_variant"`
 
 	// list of device binary modules that should be installed alongside the test
-	Data_device_bins []string `android:"arch_variant"`
+	// This property only adds the first variant of the dependency
+	Data_device_bins_first []string `android:"arch_variant"`
+
+	// list of device binary modules that should be installed alongside the test
+	// This property adds 64bit AND 32bit variants of the dependency
+	Data_device_bins_both []string `android:"arch_variant"`
+
+	// list of device binary modules that should be installed alongside the test
+	// This property only adds 64bit variants of the dependency
+	Data_device_bins_64 []string `android:"arch_variant"`
+
+	// list of device binary modules that should be installed alongside the test
+	// This property adds 32bit variants of the dependency if available, or else
+	// defaults to the 64bit variant
+	Data_device_bins_prefer32 []string `android:"arch_variant"`
+
+	// list of device binary modules that should be installed alongside the test
+	// This property only adds 32bit variants of the dependency
+	Data_device_bins_32 []string `android:"arch_variant"`
 }
 
 type testHelperLibraryProperties struct {
@@ -931,6 +949,83 @@
 	return true
 }
 
+func (j *TestHost) addDataDeviceBinsDeps(ctx android.BottomUpMutatorContext) {
+	if len(j.testHostProperties.Data_device_bins_first) > 0 {
+		deviceVariations := ctx.Config().AndroidFirstDeviceTarget.Variations()
+		ctx.AddFarVariationDependencies(deviceVariations, dataDeviceBinsTag, j.testHostProperties.Data_device_bins_first...)
+	}
+
+	var maybeAndroid32Target *android.Target
+	var maybeAndroid64Target *android.Target
+	android32TargetList := android.FirstTarget(ctx.Config().Targets[android.Android], "lib32")
+	android64TargetList := android.FirstTarget(ctx.Config().Targets[android.Android], "lib64")
+	if len(android32TargetList) > 0 {
+		maybeAndroid32Target = &android32TargetList[0]
+	}
+	if len(android64TargetList) > 0 {
+		maybeAndroid64Target = &android64TargetList[0]
+	}
+
+	if len(j.testHostProperties.Data_device_bins_both) > 0 {
+		if maybeAndroid32Target == nil && maybeAndroid64Target == nil {
+			ctx.PropertyErrorf("data_device_bins_both", "no device targets available. Targets: %q", ctx.Config().Targets)
+			return
+		}
+		if maybeAndroid32Target != nil {
+			ctx.AddFarVariationDependencies(
+				maybeAndroid32Target.Variations(),
+				dataDeviceBinsTag,
+				j.testHostProperties.Data_device_bins_both...,
+			)
+		}
+		if maybeAndroid64Target != nil {
+			ctx.AddFarVariationDependencies(
+				maybeAndroid64Target.Variations(),
+				dataDeviceBinsTag,
+				j.testHostProperties.Data_device_bins_both...,
+			)
+		}
+	}
+
+	if len(j.testHostProperties.Data_device_bins_prefer32) > 0 {
+		if maybeAndroid32Target != nil {
+			ctx.AddFarVariationDependencies(
+				maybeAndroid32Target.Variations(),
+				dataDeviceBinsTag,
+				j.testHostProperties.Data_device_bins_prefer32...,
+			)
+		} else {
+			if maybeAndroid64Target == nil {
+				ctx.PropertyErrorf("data_device_bins_prefer32", "no device targets available. Targets: %q", ctx.Config().Targets)
+				return
+			}
+			ctx.AddFarVariationDependencies(
+				maybeAndroid64Target.Variations(),
+				dataDeviceBinsTag,
+				j.testHostProperties.Data_device_bins_prefer32...,
+			)
+		}
+	}
+
+	if len(j.testHostProperties.Data_device_bins_32) > 0 {
+		if maybeAndroid32Target == nil {
+			ctx.PropertyErrorf("data_device_bins_32", "cannot find 32bit device target. Targets: %q", ctx.Config().Targets)
+			return
+		}
+		deviceVariations := maybeAndroid32Target.Variations()
+		ctx.AddFarVariationDependencies(deviceVariations, dataDeviceBinsTag, j.testHostProperties.Data_device_bins_32...)
+	}
+
+	if len(j.testHostProperties.Data_device_bins_64) > 0 {
+		if maybeAndroid64Target == nil {
+			ctx.PropertyErrorf("data_device_bins_64", "cannot find 64bit device target. Targets: %q", ctx.Config().Targets)
+			return
+		}
+		deviceVariations := maybeAndroid64Target.Variations()
+		ctx.AddFarVariationDependencies(deviceVariations, dataDeviceBinsTag, j.testHostProperties.Data_device_bins_64...)
+	}
+}
+
 func (j *TestHost) DepsMutator(ctx android.BottomUpMutatorContext) {
 	if len(j.testHostProperties.Data_native_bins) > 0 {
 		for _, target := range ctx.MultiTargets() {
@@ -938,11 +1033,6 @@
 		}
 	}
 
-	if len(j.testHostProperties.Data_device_bins) > 0 {
-		deviceVariations := ctx.Config().AndroidFirstDeviceTarget.Variations()
-		ctx.AddFarVariationDependencies(deviceVariations, dataDeviceBinsTag, j.testHostProperties.Data_device_bins...)
-	}
-
 	if len(j.testProperties.Jni_libs) > 0 {
 		for _, target := range ctx.MultiTargets() {
 			sharedLibVariations := append(target.Variations(), blueprint.Variation{Mutator: "link", Variation: "shared"})
@@ -950,6 +1040,8 @@
 		}
 	}
 
+	j.addDataDeviceBinsDeps(ctx)
+
 	j.deps(ctx)
 }
 
@@ -957,17 +1049,40 @@
 	j.extraResources = append(j.extraResources, p)
 }
 
+func (j *TestHost) dataDeviceBins() []string {
+	ret := make([]string, 0,
+		len(j.testHostProperties.Data_device_bins_first)+
+			len(j.testHostProperties.Data_device_bins_both)+
+			len(j.testHostProperties.Data_device_bins_prefer32)+
+			len(j.testHostProperties.Data_device_bins_32)+
+			len(j.testHostProperties.Data_device_bins_64),
+	)
+
+	ret = append(ret, j.testHostProperties.Data_device_bins_first...)
+	ret = append(ret, j.testHostProperties.Data_device_bins_both...)
+	ret = append(ret, j.testHostProperties.Data_device_bins_prefer32...)
+	ret = append(ret, j.testHostProperties.Data_device_bins_32...)
+	ret = append(ret, j.testHostProperties.Data_device_bins_64...)
+
+	return ret
+}
+
 func (j *TestHost) GenerateAndroidBuildActions(ctx android.ModuleContext) {
 	var configs []tradefed.Config
-	if len(j.testHostProperties.Data_device_bins) > 0 {
+	dataDeviceBins := j.dataDeviceBins()
+	if len(dataDeviceBins) > 0 {
 		// add Tradefed configuration to push device bins to device for testing
 		remoteDir := filepath.Join("/data/local/tests/unrestricted/", j.Name())
 		options := []tradefed.Option{{Name: "cleanup", Value: "true"}}
-		for _, bin := range j.testHostProperties.Data_device_bins {
+		for _, bin := range dataDeviceBins {
 			fullPath := filepath.Join(remoteDir, bin)
 			options = append(options, tradefed.Option{Name: "push-file", Key: bin, Value: fullPath})
 		}
-		configs = append(configs, tradefed.Object{"target_preparer", "com.android.tradefed.targetprep.PushFilePreparer", options})
+		configs = append(configs, tradefed.Object{
+			Type:    "target_preparer",
+			Class:   "com.android.tradefed.targetprep.PushFilePreparer",
+			Options: options,
+		})
 	}
 
 	j.Test.generateAndroidBuildActionsWithConfig(ctx, configs)
diff --git a/java/java_test.go b/java/java_test.go
index 4c93824..af889cc 100644
--- a/java/java_test.go
+++ b/java/java_test.go
@@ -1498,62 +1498,172 @@
 }
 
 func TestDataDeviceBinsBuildsDeviceBinary(t *testing.T) {
-	bp := `
-		java_test_host {
-			name: "foo",
-			srcs: ["test.java"],
-			data_device_bins: ["bar"],
-		}
-
-		cc_binary {
-			name: "bar",
-		}
-	`
-
-	ctx := android.GroupFixturePreparers(
-		PrepareForIntegrationTestWithJava,
-	).RunTestWithBp(t, bp)
-
-	buildOS := ctx.Config.BuildOS.String()
-	fooVariant := ctx.ModuleForTests("foo", buildOS+"_common")
-	barVariant := ctx.ModuleForTests("bar", "android_arm64_armv8-a")
-	fooMod := fooVariant.Module().(*TestHost)
-
-	relocated := barVariant.Output("bar")
-	expectedInput := "out/soong/.intermediates/bar/android_arm64_armv8-a/unstripped/bar"
-	android.AssertPathRelativeToTopEquals(t, "relocation input", expectedInput, relocated.Input)
-
-	entries := android.AndroidMkEntriesForTest(t, ctx.TestContext, fooMod)[0]
-	expectedData := []string{
-		"out/soong/.intermediates/bar/android_arm64_armv8-a/bar:bar",
+	testCases := []struct {
+		dataDeviceBinType  string
+		depCompileMultilib string
+		variants           []string
+		expectedError      string
+	}{
+		{
+			dataDeviceBinType:  "first",
+			depCompileMultilib: "first",
+			variants:           []string{"android_arm64_armv8-a"},
+		},
+		{
+			dataDeviceBinType:  "first",
+			depCompileMultilib: "both",
+			variants:           []string{"android_arm64_armv8-a"},
+		},
+		{
+			// this is true because our testing framework is set up with
+			// Targets ~ [<64bit target>, <32bit target>], where 64bit is "first"
+			dataDeviceBinType:  "first",
+			depCompileMultilib: "32",
+			expectedError:      `Android.bp:2:3: dependency "bar" of "foo" missing variant`,
+		},
+		{
+			dataDeviceBinType:  "first",
+			depCompileMultilib: "64",
+			variants:           []string{"android_arm64_armv8-a"},
+		},
+		{
+			dataDeviceBinType:  "both",
+			depCompileMultilib: "both",
+			variants: []string{
+				"android_arm_armv7-a-neon",
+				"android_arm64_armv8-a",
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			dataDeviceBinType:  "both",
+			depCompileMultilib: "32",
+			expectedError:      `Android.bp:2:3: dependency "bar" of "foo" missing variant`,
+		},
+		{
+			dataDeviceBinType:  "both",
+			depCompileMultilib: "64",
+			expectedError:      `Android.bp:2:3: dependency "bar" of "foo" missing variant`,
+		},
+		{
+			dataDeviceBinType:  "both",
+			depCompileMultilib: "first",
+			expectedError:      `Android.bp:2:3: dependency "bar" of "foo" missing variant`,
+		},
+		{
+			dataDeviceBinType:  "32",
+			depCompileMultilib: "32",
+			variants:           []string{"android_arm_armv7-a-neon"},
+		},
+		{
+			dataDeviceBinType:  "32",
+			depCompileMultilib: "first",
+			expectedError:      `Android.bp:2:3: dependency "bar" of "foo" missing variant`,
+		},
+		{
+			dataDeviceBinType:  "32",
+			depCompileMultilib: "both",
+			variants:           []string{"android_arm_armv7-a-neon"},
+		},
+		{
+			dataDeviceBinType:  "32",
+			depCompileMultilib: "64",
+			expectedError:      `Android.bp:2:3: dependency "bar" of "foo" missing variant`,
+		},
+		{
+			dataDeviceBinType:  "64",
+			depCompileMultilib: "64",
+			variants:           []string{"android_arm64_armv8-a"},
+		},
+		{
+			dataDeviceBinType:  "64",
+			depCompileMultilib: "both",
+			variants:           []string{"android_arm64_armv8-a"},
+		},
+		{
+			dataDeviceBinType:  "64",
+			depCompileMultilib: "first",
+			variants:           []string{"android_arm64_armv8-a"},
+		},
+		{
+			dataDeviceBinType:  "64",
+			depCompileMultilib: "32",
+			expectedError:      `Android.bp:2:3: dependency "bar" of "foo" missing variant`,
+		},
+		{
+			dataDeviceBinType:  "prefer32",
+			depCompileMultilib: "32",
+			variants:           []string{"android_arm_armv7-a-neon"},
+		},
+		{
+			dataDeviceBinType:  "prefer32",
+			depCompileMultilib: "both",
+			variants:           []string{"android_arm_armv7-a-neon"},
+		},
+		{
+			dataDeviceBinType:  "prefer32",
+			depCompileMultilib: "first",
+			expectedError:      `Android.bp:2:3: dependency "bar" of "foo" missing variant`,
+		},
+		{
+			dataDeviceBinType:  "prefer32",
+			depCompileMultilib: "64",
+			expectedError:      `Android.bp:2:3: dependency "bar" of "foo" missing variant`,
+		},
 	}
-	actualData := entries.EntryMap["LOCAL_COMPATIBILITY_SUPPORT_FILES"]
-	android.AssertStringPathsRelativeToTopEquals(t, "LOCAL_TEST_DATA", ctx.Config, expectedData, actualData)
-}
 
-func TestDataDeviceBinsAutogenTradefedConfig(t *testing.T) {
-	bp := `
+	bpTemplate := `
 		java_test_host {
 			name: "foo",
 			srcs: ["test.java"],
-			data_device_bins: ["bar"],
+			data_device_bins_%s: ["bar"],
 		}
 
 		cc_binary {
 			name: "bar",
+			compile_multilib: "%s",
 		}
 	`
 
-	ctx := android.GroupFixturePreparers(
-		PrepareForIntegrationTestWithJava,
-	).RunTestWithBp(t, bp)
+	for _, tc := range testCases {
+		bp := fmt.Sprintf(bpTemplate, tc.dataDeviceBinType, tc.depCompileMultilib)
 
-	buildOS := ctx.Config.BuildOS.String()
-	fooModule := ctx.ModuleForTests("foo", buildOS+"_common")
-	expectedAutogenConfig := `<option name="push-file" key="bar" value="/data/local/tests/unrestricted/foo/bar" />`
+		errorHandler := android.FixtureExpectsNoErrors
+		if tc.expectedError != "" {
+			errorHandler = android.FixtureExpectsAtLeastOneErrorMatchingPattern(tc.expectedError)
+		}
 
-	autogen := fooModule.Rule("autogen")
-	if !strings.Contains(autogen.Args["extraConfigs"], expectedAutogenConfig) {
-		t.Errorf("foo extraConfigs %v does not contain %q", autogen.Args["extraConfigs"], expectedAutogenConfig)
+		testName := fmt.Sprintf(`data_device_bins_%s with compile_multilib:"%s"`, tc.dataDeviceBinType, tc.depCompileMultilib)
+		t.Run(testName, func(t *testing.T) {
+			ctx := android.GroupFixturePreparers(PrepareForIntegrationTestWithJava).
+				ExtendWithErrorHandler(errorHandler).
+				RunTestWithBp(t, bp)
+			if tc.expectedError != "" {
+				return
+			}
+
+			buildOS := ctx.Config.BuildOS.String()
+			fooVariant := ctx.ModuleForTests("foo", buildOS+"_common")
+			fooMod := fooVariant.Module().(*TestHost)
+			entries := android.AndroidMkEntriesForTest(t, ctx.TestContext, fooMod)[0]
+
+			expectedAutogenConfig := `<option name="push-file" key="bar" value="/data/local/tests/unrestricted/foo/bar" />`
+			autogen := fooVariant.Rule("autogen")
+			if !strings.Contains(autogen.Args["extraConfigs"], expectedAutogenConfig) {
+				t.Errorf("foo extraConfigs %v does not contain %q", autogen.Args["extraConfigs"], expectedAutogenConfig)
+			}
+
+			expectedData := []string{}
+			for _, variant := range tc.variants {
+				barVariant := ctx.ModuleForTests("bar", variant)
+				relocated := barVariant.Output("bar")
+				expectedInput := fmt.Sprintf("out/soong/.intermediates/bar/%s/unstripped/bar", variant)
+				android.AssertPathRelativeToTopEquals(t, "relocation input", expectedInput, relocated.Input)
+
+				expectedData = append(expectedData, fmt.Sprintf("out/soong/.intermediates/bar/%s/bar:bar", variant))
+			}
+
+			actualData := entries.EntryMap["LOCAL_COMPATIBILITY_SUPPORT_FILES"]
+			android.AssertStringPathsRelativeToTopEquals(t, "LOCAL_TEST_DATA", ctx.Config, expectedData, actualData)
+		})
 	}
 }