diff --git a/android/allowlists/allowlists.go b/android/allowlists/allowlists.go
index b82ea4f..bf39404 100644
--- a/android/allowlists/allowlists.go
+++ b/android/allowlists/allowlists.go
@@ -650,6 +650,10 @@
 		"libcodec2_soft_avcenc",
 		"libcodec2_soft_aacdec",
 		"libcodec2_soft_common",
+
+		// kotlin srcs in java libs
+		"CtsPkgInstallerConstants",
+		"kotlinx_atomicfu",
 	}
 
 	Bp2buildModuleTypeAlwaysConvertList = []string{
diff --git a/android/arch.go b/android/arch.go
index 086e945..6acf9cf 100644
--- a/android/arch.go
+++ b/android/arch.go
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 
 import (
 	"encoding"
+	"encoding/json"
 	"fmt"
 	"reflect"
 	"runtime"
@@ -1681,10 +1682,10 @@
 
 // archConfig describes a built-in configuration.
 type archConfig struct {
-	arch        string
-	archVariant string
-	cpuVariant  string
-	abi         []string
+	Arch        string   `json:"arch"`
+	ArchVariant string   `json:"arch_variant"`
+	CpuVariant  string   `json:"cpu_variant"`
+	Abi         []string `json:"abis"`
 }
 
 // getNdkAbisConfig returns the list of archConfigs that are used for building
@@ -1713,8 +1714,8 @@
 	var ret []Target
 
 	for _, config := range archConfigs {
-		arch, err := decodeArch(Android, config.arch, &config.archVariant,
-			&config.cpuVariant, config.abi)
+		arch, err := decodeArch(Android, config.Arch, &config.ArchVariant,
+			&config.CpuVariant, config.Abi)
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, err
 		}
@@ -2284,6 +2285,14 @@
 	return starlark_fmt.PrintDict(valDict, 0)
 }
 
+func printArchConfigList(arches []archConfig) string {
+	jsonOut, err := json.MarshalIndent(arches, "", starlark_fmt.Indention(1))
+	if err != nil {
+		panic(fmt.Errorf("Error converting arch configs %#v to json: %q", arches, err))
+	}
+	return fmt.Sprintf("json.decode('''%s''')", string(jsonOut))
+}
+
 func StarlarkArchConfigurations() string {
 	return fmt.Sprintf(`
 _arch_to_variants = %s
@@ -2294,13 +2303,21 @@
 
 _android_arch_feature_for_arch_variant = %s
 
+_aml_arches = %s
+
+_ndk_arches = %s
+
 arch_to_variants = _arch_to_variants
 arch_to_cpu_variants = _arch_to_cpu_variants
 arch_to_features = _arch_to_features
 android_arch_feature_for_arch_variants = _android_arch_feature_for_arch_variant
+aml_arches = _aml_arches
+ndk_arches = _ndk_arches
 `, printArchTypeStarlarkDict(archVariants),
 		printArchTypeStarlarkDict(cpuVariants),
 		printArchTypeStarlarkDict(archFeatures),
 		printArchTypeNestedStarlarkDict(androidArchFeatureMap),
+		printArchConfigList(getAmlAbisConfig()),
+		printArchConfigList(getNdkAbisConfig()),
 	)
 }
diff --git a/android/defs.go b/android/defs.go
index 2a28e98..9ae360e 100644
--- a/android/defs.go
+++ b/android/defs.go
@@ -25,7 +25,8 @@
 )
 
 var (
-	pctx = NewPackageContext("android/soong/android")
+	pctx         = NewPackageContext("android/soong/android")
+	exportedVars = NewExportedVariables(pctx)
 
 	cpPreserveSymlinks = pctx.VariableConfigMethod("cpPreserveSymlinks",
 		Config.CpPreserveSymlinksFlags)
@@ -128,6 +129,13 @@
 	pctx.VariableFunc("RBEWrapper", func(ctx PackageVarContext) string {
 		return ctx.Config().RBEWrapper()
 	})
+
+	exportedVars.ExportStringList("NeverAllowNotInIncludeDir", neverallowNotInIncludeDir)
+	exportedVars.ExportStringList("NeverAllowNoUseIncludeDir", neverallowNoUseIncludeDir)
+}
+
+func BazelCcToolchainVars(config Config) string {
+	return BazelToolchainVars(config, exportedVars)
 }
 
 var (
diff --git a/android/fixture.go b/android/fixture.go
index f33e718..3f01f5a 100644
--- a/android/fixture.go
+++ b/android/fixture.go
@@ -658,7 +658,7 @@
 
 func createFixture(t *testing.T, buildDir string, preparers []*simpleFixturePreparer) Fixture {
 	config := TestConfig(buildDir, nil, "", nil)
-	ctx := NewTestContext(config)
+	ctx := newTestContextForFixture(config)
 	fixture := &fixture{
 		preparers: preparers,
 		t:         t,
@@ -790,6 +790,16 @@
 		}
 	}
 
+	// Create and set the Context's NameInterface. It needs to be created here as it depends on the
+	// configuration that has been prepared for this fixture.
+	resolver := NewNameResolver(ctx.config)
+
+	// Set the NameInterface in the main Context.
+	ctx.SetNameInterface(resolver)
+
+	// Set the NameResolver in the TestContext.
+	ctx.NameResolver = resolver
+
 	ctx.Register()
 	var ninjaDeps []string
 	extraNinjaDeps, errs := ctx.ParseBlueprintsFiles("ignored")
diff --git a/android/gen_notice.go b/android/gen_notice.go
index 008aac5..28fddbc 100644
--- a/android/gen_notice.go
+++ b/android/gen_notice.go
@@ -61,6 +61,9 @@
 				if mod == nil {
 					continue
 				}
+				if !mod.Enabled() { // don't depend on variants without build rules
+					continue
+				}
 				modules = append(modules, mod)
 			}
 		}
diff --git a/android/namespace.go b/android/namespace.go
index a3ff761..b43ffdf 100644
--- a/android/namespace.go
+++ b/android/namespace.go
@@ -91,7 +91,27 @@
 	namespaceExportFilter func(*Namespace) bool
 }
 
-func NewNameResolver(namespaceExportFilter func(*Namespace) bool) *NameResolver {
+// NameResolverConfig provides the subset of the Config interface needed by the
+// NewNameResolver function.
+type NameResolverConfig interface {
+	// ExportedNamespaces is the list of namespaces that Soong must export to
+	// make.
+	ExportedNamespaces() []string
+}
+
+func NewNameResolver(config NameResolverConfig) *NameResolver {
+	namespacePathsToExport := make(map[string]bool)
+
+	for _, namespaceName := range config.ExportedNamespaces() {
+		namespacePathsToExport[namespaceName] = true
+	}
+
+	namespacePathsToExport["."] = true // always export the root namespace
+
+	namespaceExportFilter := func(namespace *Namespace) bool {
+		return namespacePathsToExport[namespace.Path]
+	}
+
 	r := &NameResolver{
 		namespacesByDir:       sync.Map{},
 		namespaceExportFilter: namespaceExportFilter,
diff --git a/android/namespace_test.go b/android/namespace_test.go
index 87d1320..7a387a0 100644
--- a/android/namespace_test.go
+++ b/android/namespace_test.go
@@ -602,6 +602,36 @@
 	// RunTest will report any errors
 }
 
+func TestNamespace_Exports(t *testing.T) {
+	result := GroupFixturePreparers(
+		prepareForTestWithNamespace,
+		FixtureModifyProductVariables(func(variables FixtureProductVariables) {
+			variables.NamespacesToExport = []string{"dir1"}
+		}),
+		dirBpToPreparer(map[string]string{
+			"dir1": `
+				soong_namespace {
+				}
+				test_module {
+					name: "a",
+				}
+			`,
+			"dir2": `
+				soong_namespace {
+				}
+				test_module {
+					name: "b",
+				}
+			`,
+		}),
+	).RunTest(t)
+
+	aModule := result.Module("a", "")
+	AssertBoolEquals(t, "a exported", true, aModule.ExportedToMake())
+	bModule := result.Module("b", "")
+	AssertBoolEquals(t, "b not exported", false, bModule.ExportedToMake())
+}
+
 // some utils to support the tests
 
 var prepareForTestWithNamespace = GroupFixturePreparers(
diff --git a/android/neverallow.go b/android/neverallow.go
index d288439..293bac8 100644
--- a/android/neverallow.go
+++ b/android/neverallow.go
@@ -74,8 +74,8 @@
 			"supported for custom conversion, use allowlists.go instead.")
 }
 
-func createIncludeDirsRules() []Rule {
-	notInIncludeDir := []string{
+var (
+	neverallowNotInIncludeDir = []string{
 		"art",
 		"art/libnativebridge",
 		"art/libnativeloader",
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@
 		"external/vixl",
 		"external/wycheproof",
 	}
-	noUseIncludeDir := []string{
+	neverallowNoUseIncludeDir = []string{
 		"frameworks/av/apex",
 		"frameworks/av/tools",
 		"frameworks/native/cmds",
@@ -103,10 +103,12 @@
 		"system/libfmq",
 		"system/libvintf",
 	}
+)
 
-	rules := make([]Rule, 0, len(notInIncludeDir)+len(noUseIncludeDir))
+func createIncludeDirsRules() []Rule {
+	rules := make([]Rule, 0, len(neverallowNotInIncludeDir)+len(neverallowNoUseIncludeDir))
 
-	for _, path := range notInIncludeDir {
+	for _, path := range neverallowNotInIncludeDir {
 		rule :=
 			NeverAllow().
 				WithMatcher("include_dirs", StartsWith(path+"/")).
@@ -116,7 +118,7 @@
 		rules = append(rules, rule)
 	}
 
-	for _, path := range noUseIncludeDir {
+	for _, path := range neverallowNoUseIncludeDir {
 		rule := NeverAllow().In(path+"/").WithMatcher("include_dirs", isSetMatcherInstance).
 			Because("include_dirs is deprecated, all usages of them in '" + path + "' have been migrated" +
 				" to use alternate mechanisms and so can no longer be used.")
diff --git a/android/sdk.go b/android/sdk.go
index bd2f5d1..fc0a84e 100644
--- a/android/sdk.go
+++ b/android/sdk.go
@@ -232,12 +232,6 @@
 	// relative path) and add the dest to the zip.
 	CopyToSnapshot(src Path, dest string)
 
-	// EmptyFile returns the path to an empty file.
-	//
-	// This can be used by sdk member types that need to create an empty file in the snapshot, simply
-	// pass the value returned from this to the CopyToSnapshot() method.
-	EmptyFile() Path
-
 	// UnzipToSnapshot generates a rule that will unzip the supplied zip into the snapshot relative
 	// directory destDir.
 	UnzipToSnapshot(zipPath Path, destDir string)
@@ -264,6 +258,14 @@
 	// See sdk/update.go for more information.
 	AddPrebuiltModule(member SdkMember, moduleType string) BpModule
 
+	// AddInternalModule creates a new module in the generated Android.bp file that can only be
+	// referenced by one of the other modules in the snapshot.
+	//
+	// The created module's name is constructed by concatenating the name of this member and the
+	// nameSuffix, separated by "-". It also has the visibility property set to "//visibility:private"
+	// to prevent it from being inadvertently accessed from outside the snapshot.
+	AddInternalModule(properties SdkMemberProperties, moduleType string, nameSuffix string) BpModule
+
 	// SdkMemberReferencePropertyTag returns a property tag to use when adding a property to a
 	// BpModule that contains references to other sdk members.
 	//
@@ -922,6 +924,12 @@
 //
 // Contains common properties that apply across many different member types.
 type SdkMemberPropertiesBase struct {
+	// The name of the member.
+	//
+	// Ignore this property during optimization. This is needed because this property is the same for
+	// all variants of a member and so would be optimized away if it was not ignored.
+	MemberName string `sdk:"ignore"`
+
 	// The number of unique os types supported by the member variants.
 	//
 	// If a member has a variant with more than one os type then it will need to differentiate
@@ -945,6 +953,10 @@
 	Compile_multilib string `android:"arch_variant"`
 }
 
+func (b *SdkMemberPropertiesBase) Name() string {
+	return b.MemberName
+}
+
 // OsPrefix returns the os prefix to use for any file paths in the sdk.
 //
 // Is an empty string if the member only provides variants for a single os type, otherwise
@@ -970,6 +982,8 @@
 	// Base returns the base structure.
 	Base() *SdkMemberPropertiesBase
 
+	Name() string
+
 	// PopulateFromVariant populates this structure with information from a module variant.
 	//
 	// It will typically be called once for each variant of a member module that the SDK depends upon.
diff --git a/android/testing.go b/android/testing.go
index 2256c96..8fcf440 100644
--- a/android/testing.go
+++ b/android/testing.go
@@ -30,19 +30,11 @@
 	"github.com/google/blueprint/proptools"
 )
 
-func NewTestContext(config Config) *TestContext {
-	namespaceExportFilter := func(namespace *Namespace) bool {
-		return true
-	}
-
-	nameResolver := NewNameResolver(namespaceExportFilter)
+func newTestContextForFixture(config Config) *TestContext {
 	ctx := &TestContext{
-		Context:      &Context{blueprint.NewContext(), config},
-		NameResolver: nameResolver,
+		Context: &Context{blueprint.NewContext(), config},
 	}
 
-	ctx.SetNameInterface(nameResolver)
-
 	ctx.postDeps = append(ctx.postDeps, registerPathDepsMutator)
 
 	ctx.SetFs(ctx.config.fs)
@@ -53,6 +45,16 @@
 	return ctx
 }
 
+func NewTestContext(config Config) *TestContext {
+	ctx := newTestContextForFixture(config)
+
+	nameResolver := NewNameResolver(config)
+	ctx.NameResolver = nameResolver
+	ctx.SetNameInterface(nameResolver)
+
+	return ctx
+}
+
 var PrepareForTestWithArchMutator = GroupFixturePreparers(
 	// Configure architecture targets in the fixture config.
 	FixtureModifyConfig(modifyTestConfigToSupportArchMutator),
diff --git a/apex/apex.go b/apex/apex.go
index 09de2d4..04808c1 100644
--- a/apex/apex.go
+++ b/apex/apex.go
@@ -455,9 +455,6 @@
 	// Processed file_contexts files
 	fileContexts android.WritablePath
 
-	// Path to notice file in html.gz format.
-	htmlGzNotice android.WritablePath
-
 	// The built APEX file. This is the main product.
 	// Could be .apex or .capex
 	outputFile android.WritablePath
@@ -1903,9 +1900,6 @@
 	apexType := a.properties.ApexType
 	switch apexType {
 	case imageApex:
-
-		// TODO(b/190817312): Generate the notice file from the apex rule.
-		a.htmlGzNotice = android.PathForBazelOut(ctx, "NOTICE.html.gz")
 		a.bundleModuleFile = android.PathForBazelOut(ctx, outputs.BundleFile)
 		a.nativeApisUsedByModuleFile = android.ModuleOutPath(android.PathForBazelOut(ctx, outputs.SymbolsUsedByApex))
 		a.nativeApisBackedByModuleFile = android.ModuleOutPath(android.PathForBazelOut(ctx, outputs.BackingLibs))
@@ -2508,7 +2502,8 @@
 		filesToAdd = append(filesToAdd, *af)
 	}
 
-	if pathInApex := bootclasspathFragmentInfo.ProfileInstallPathInApex(); pathInApex != "" {
+	pathInApex := bootclasspathFragmentInfo.ProfileInstallPathInApex()
+	if pathInApex != "" && !java.SkipDexpreoptBootJars(ctx) {
 		pathOnHost := bootclasspathFragmentInfo.ProfilePathOnHost()
 		tempPath := android.PathForModuleOut(ctx, "boot_image_profile", pathInApex)
 
diff --git a/apex/builder.go b/apex/builder.go
index e4c1673..9e368b6 100644
--- a/apex/builder.go
+++ b/apex/builder.go
@@ -650,9 +650,9 @@
 		}
 
 		// Create a NOTICE file, and embed it as an asset file in the APEX.
-		a.htmlGzNotice = android.PathForModuleOut(ctx, "NOTICE.html.gz")
+		htmlGzNotice := android.PathForModuleOut(ctx, "NOTICE.html.gz")
 		android.BuildNoticeHtmlOutputFromLicenseMetadata(
-			ctx, a.htmlGzNotice, "", "",
+			ctx, htmlGzNotice, "", "",
 			[]string{
 				android.PathForModuleInstall(ctx).String() + "/",
 				android.PathForModuleInPartitionInstall(ctx, "apex").String() + "/",
@@ -660,7 +660,7 @@
 		noticeAssetPath := android.PathForModuleOut(ctx, "NOTICE", "NOTICE.html.gz")
 		builder := android.NewRuleBuilder(pctx, ctx)
 		builder.Command().Text("cp").
-			Input(a.htmlGzNotice).
+			Input(htmlGzNotice).
 			Output(noticeAssetPath)
 		builder.Build("notice_dir", "Building notice dir")
 		implicitInputs = append(implicitInputs, noticeAssetPath)
diff --git a/bp2build/conversion.go b/bp2build/conversion.go
index 8ca13b8..6eb93bc 100644
--- a/bp2build/conversion.go
+++ b/bp2build/conversion.go
@@ -23,6 +23,9 @@
 func CreateSoongInjectionFiles(cfg android.Config, metrics CodegenMetrics) []BazelFile {
 	var files []BazelFile
 
+	files = append(files, newFile("android", GeneratedBuildFileName, "")) // Creates a //cc_toolchain package.
+	files = append(files, newFile("android", "constants.bzl", android.BazelCcToolchainVars(cfg)))
+
 	files = append(files, newFile("cc_toolchain", GeneratedBuildFileName, "")) // Creates a //cc_toolchain package.
 	files = append(files, newFile("cc_toolchain", "constants.bzl", cc_config.BazelCcToolchainVars(cfg)))
 
diff --git a/bp2build/conversion_test.go b/bp2build/conversion_test.go
index cfd6128..8de2f83 100644
--- a/bp2build/conversion_test.go
+++ b/bp2build/conversion_test.go
@@ -88,6 +88,14 @@
 
 	expectedFilePaths := []bazelFilepath{
 		{
+			dir:      "android",
+			basename: GeneratedBuildFileName,
+		},
+		{
+			dir:      "android",
+			basename: "constants.bzl",
+		},
+		{
 			dir:      "cc_toolchain",
 			basename: GeneratedBuildFileName,
 		},
diff --git a/bp2build/java_library_conversion_test.go b/bp2build/java_library_conversion_test.go
index 74e2dbd..00056f8 100644
--- a/bp2build/java_library_conversion_test.go
+++ b/bp2build/java_library_conversion_test.go
@@ -649,3 +649,46 @@
 				}),
 		}})
 }
+
+func TestJavaLibraryKotlinSrcs(t *testing.T) {
+	runJavaLibraryTestCase(t, Bp2buildTestCase{
+		Description: "java_library with kotlin  srcs",
+		Blueprint: `java_library {
+    name: "java-lib-1",
+    srcs: ["a.java", "b.java", "c.kt"],
+    bazel_module: { bp2build_available: true },
+}
+`,
+		ExpectedBazelTargets: []string{
+			MakeBazelTarget("kt_jvm_library", "java-lib-1", AttrNameToString{
+				"srcs": `[
+        "a.java",
+        "b.java",
+        "c.kt",
+    ]`,
+			}),
+		},
+	})
+}
+
+func TestJavaLibraryKotlinCommonSrcs(t *testing.T) {
+	runJavaLibraryTestCase(t, Bp2buildTestCase{
+		Description: "java_library with kotlin  common_srcs",
+		Blueprint: `java_library {
+    name: "java-lib-1",
+    srcs: ["a.java", "b.java"],
+    common_srcs: ["c.kt"],
+    bazel_module: { bp2build_available: true },
+}
+`,
+		ExpectedBazelTargets: []string{
+			MakeBazelTarget("kt_jvm_library", "java-lib-1", AttrNameToString{
+				"srcs": `[
+        "a.java",
+        "b.java",
+    ]`,
+				"common_srcs": `["c.kt"]`,
+			}),
+		},
+	})
+}
diff --git a/cc/config/riscv64_device.go b/cc/config/riscv64_device.go
index 825be7f..67208b2 100644
--- a/cc/config/riscv64_device.go
+++ b/cc/config/riscv64_device.go
@@ -32,7 +32,6 @@
 
 	riscv64Ldflags = []string{
 		"-Wl,--hash-style=gnu",
-		"-Wl,-z,separate-code",
 	}
 
 	riscv64Lldflags = append(riscv64Ldflags,
diff --git a/cc/config/tidy.go b/cc/config/tidy.go
index f32ebf2..1180da4 100644
--- a/cc/config/tidy.go
+++ b/cc/config/tidy.go
@@ -55,6 +55,21 @@
 		// http://b/241819232
 		"-misc-const-correctness",
 	}
+
+	extraArgFlags = []string{
+		// We might be using the static analyzer through clang tidy.
+		// https://bugs.llvm.org/show_bug.cgi?id=32914
+		"-D__clang_analyzer__",
+
+		// A recent change in clang-tidy (r328258) enabled destructor inlining, which
+		// appears to cause a number of false positives. Until that's resolved, this turns
+		// off the effects of r328258.
+		// https://bugs.llvm.org/show_bug.cgi?id=37459
+		"-Xclang",
+		"-analyzer-config",
+		"-Xclang",
+		"c++-temp-dtor-inlining=false",
+	}
 )
 
 func init() {
@@ -145,6 +160,8 @@
 		return strings.Join(globalNoErrorCheckList, ",")
 	})
 
+	exportedVars.ExportStringListStaticVariable("TidyExtraArgFlags", extraArgFlags)
+
 	// To reduce duplicate warnings from the same header files,
 	// header-filter will contain only the module directory and
 	// those specified by DEFAULT_TIDY_HEADER_DIRS.
@@ -235,6 +252,10 @@
 	return ""
 }
 
+func TidyExtraArgFlags() []string {
+	return extraArgFlags
+}
+
 func TidyFlagsForSrcFile(srcFile android.Path, flags string) string {
 	// Disable clang-analyzer-* checks globally for generated source files
 	// because some of them are too huge. Local .bp files can add wanted
diff --git a/cc/tidy.go b/cc/tidy.go
index a3d548b..bbcaece 100644
--- a/cc/tidy.go
+++ b/cc/tidy.go
@@ -136,19 +136,7 @@
 		flags.TidyFlags = append(flags.TidyFlags, "-extra-arg-before=-fno-caret-diagnostics")
 	}
 
-	extraArgFlags := []string{
-		// We might be using the static analyzer through clang tidy.
-		// https://bugs.llvm.org/show_bug.cgi?id=32914
-		"-D__clang_analyzer__",
-
-		// A recent change in clang-tidy (r328258) enabled destructor inlining, which
-		// appears to cause a number of false positives. Until that's resolved, this turns
-		// off the effects of r328258.
-		// https://bugs.llvm.org/show_bug.cgi?id=37459
-		"-Xclang", "-analyzer-config", "-Xclang", "c++-temp-dtor-inlining=false",
-	}
-
-	for _, f := range extraArgFlags {
+	for _, f := range config.TidyExtraArgFlags() {
 		flags.TidyFlags = append(flags.TidyFlags, "-extra-arg-before="+f)
 	}
 
diff --git a/cmd/soong_build/main.go b/cmd/soong_build/main.go
index 3fed1a1..51d2345 100644
--- a/cmd/soong_build/main.go
+++ b/cmd/soong_build/main.go
@@ -106,24 +106,11 @@
 }
 
 func newNameResolver(config android.Config) *android.NameResolver {
-	namespacePathsToExport := make(map[string]bool)
-
-	for _, namespaceName := range config.ExportedNamespaces() {
-		namespacePathsToExport[namespaceName] = true
-	}
-
-	namespacePathsToExport["."] = true // always export the root namespace
-
-	exportFilter := func(namespace *android.Namespace) bool {
-		return namespacePathsToExport[namespace.Path]
-	}
-
-	return android.NewNameResolver(exportFilter)
+	return android.NewNameResolver(config)
 }
 
 func newContext(configuration android.Config) *android.Context {
 	ctx := android.NewContext(configuration)
-	ctx.Register()
 	ctx.SetNameInterface(newNameResolver(configuration))
 	ctx.SetAllowMissingDependencies(configuration.AllowMissingDependencies())
 	return ctx
@@ -165,7 +152,7 @@
 // Bazel-enabled mode. Attaches a mutator to queue Bazel requests, adds a
 // BeforePrepareBuildActionsHook to invoke Bazel, and then uses Bazel metadata
 // for modules that should be handled by Bazel.
-func runMixedModeBuild(configuration android.Config, ctx *android.Context, extraNinjaDeps []string) {
+func runMixedModeBuild(configuration android.Config, ctx *android.Context, extraNinjaDeps []string) string {
 	ctx.EventHandler.Begin("mixed_build")
 	defer ctx.EventHandler.End("mixed_build")
 
@@ -188,6 +175,7 @@
 	ninjaDeps = append(ninjaDeps, globListFiles...)
 
 	writeDepFile(cmdlineArgs.OutFile, ctx.EventHandler, ninjaDeps)
+	return cmdlineArgs.OutFile
 }
 
 // Run the code-generation phase to convert BazelTargetModules to BUILD files.
@@ -206,12 +194,11 @@
 
 // Run the code-generation phase to convert API contributions to BUILD files.
 // Return marker file for the new synthetic workspace
-func runApiBp2build(configuration android.Config, extraNinjaDeps []string) string {
-	// Create a new context and register mutators that are only meaningful to API export
-	ctx := android.NewContext(configuration)
+func runApiBp2build(configuration android.Config, ctx *android.Context, extraNinjaDeps []string) string {
 	ctx.EventHandler.Begin("api_bp2build")
 	defer ctx.EventHandler.End("api_bp2build")
-	ctx.SetNameInterface(newNameResolver(configuration))
+	// Do not allow missing dependencies.
+	ctx.SetAllowMissingDependencies(false)
 	ctx.RegisterForApiBazelConversion()
 
 	// Register the Android.bp files in the tree
@@ -256,6 +243,11 @@
 	// Exclude all src BUILD files
 	excludes = append(excludes, apiBuildFileExcludes()...)
 
+	// Android.bp files for api surfaces are mounted to out/, but out/ should not be a
+	// dep for api_bp2build.
+	// Otherwise api_bp2build will be run every single time
+	excludes = append(excludes, configuration.OutDir())
+
 	// Create the symlink forest
 	symlinkDeps := bp2build.PlantSymlinkForest(
 		configuration.IsEnvTrue("BP2BUILD_VERBOSE"),
@@ -349,61 +341,77 @@
 // output file of the specific activity.
 func doChosenActivity(ctx *android.Context, configuration android.Config, extraNinjaDeps []string, metricsDir string) string {
 	if configuration.BuildMode == android.SymlinkForest {
-		runSymlinkForestCreation(configuration, extraNinjaDeps, metricsDir)
-		return symlinkForestMarker
+		return runSymlinkForestCreation(configuration, ctx, extraNinjaDeps, metricsDir)
 	} else if configuration.BuildMode == android.Bp2build {
 		// Run the alternate pipeline of bp2build mutators and singleton to convert
 		// Blueprint to BUILD files before everything else.
-		runBp2Build(configuration, extraNinjaDeps, metricsDir)
-		return bp2buildMarker
-	} else if configuration.IsMixedBuildsEnabled() {
-		runMixedModeBuild(configuration, ctx, extraNinjaDeps)
+		return runBp2Build(configuration, ctx, extraNinjaDeps, metricsDir)
 	} else if configuration.BuildMode == android.ApiBp2build {
-		return runApiBp2build(configuration, extraNinjaDeps)
+		outputFile := runApiBp2build(configuration, ctx, extraNinjaDeps)
+		writeMetrics(configuration, ctx.EventHandler, metricsDir)
+		return outputFile
 	} else {
-		var stopBefore bootstrap.StopBefore
-		if configuration.BuildMode == android.GenerateModuleGraph {
-			stopBefore = bootstrap.StopBeforeWriteNinja
-		} else if configuration.BuildMode == android.GenerateQueryView || configuration.BuildMode == android.GenerateDocFile {
-			stopBefore = bootstrap.StopBeforePrepareBuildActions
+		ctx.Register()
+
+		var outputFile string
+		if configuration.IsMixedBuildsEnabled() {
+			outputFile = runMixedModeBuild(configuration, ctx, extraNinjaDeps)
 		} else {
-			stopBefore = bootstrap.DoEverything
+			outputFile = runSoongOnlyBuild(configuration, ctx, extraNinjaDeps)
 		}
 
-		ninjaDeps := bootstrap.RunBlueprint(cmdlineArgs, stopBefore, ctx.Context, configuration)
-		ninjaDeps = append(ninjaDeps, extraNinjaDeps...)
+		writeMetrics(configuration, ctx.EventHandler, metricsDir)
 
-		globListFiles := writeBuildGlobsNinjaFile(ctx, configuration.SoongOutDir(), configuration)
-		ninjaDeps = append(ninjaDeps, globListFiles...)
+		return outputFile
+	}
+}
 
-		// Convert the Soong module graph into Bazel BUILD files.
-		if configuration.BuildMode == android.GenerateQueryView {
-			queryviewMarkerFile := bazelQueryViewDir + ".marker"
-			runQueryView(bazelQueryViewDir, queryviewMarkerFile, configuration, ctx)
-			writeDepFile(queryviewMarkerFile, ctx.EventHandler, ninjaDeps)
-			return queryviewMarkerFile
-		} else if configuration.BuildMode == android.GenerateModuleGraph {
-			writeJsonModuleGraphAndActions(ctx, moduleGraphFile, moduleActionsFile)
-			writeDepFile(moduleGraphFile, ctx.EventHandler, ninjaDeps)
-			return moduleGraphFile
-		} else if configuration.BuildMode == android.GenerateDocFile {
-			// TODO: we could make writeDocs() return the list of documentation files
-			// written and add them to the .d file. Then soong_docs would be re-run
-			// whenever one is deleted.
-			if err := writeDocs(ctx, shared.JoinPath(topDir, docFile)); err != nil {
-				fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "error building Soong documentation: %s\n", err)
-				os.Exit(1)
-			}
-			writeDepFile(docFile, ctx.EventHandler, ninjaDeps)
-			return docFile
-		} else {
-			// The actual output (build.ninja) was written in the RunBlueprint() call
-			// above
-			writeDepFile(cmdlineArgs.OutFile, ctx.EventHandler, ninjaDeps)
-		}
+// runSoongOnlyBuild runs the standard Soong build in a number of different modes.
+func runSoongOnlyBuild(configuration android.Config, ctx *android.Context, extraNinjaDeps []string) string {
+	ctx.EventHandler.Begin("soong_build")
+	defer ctx.EventHandler.End("soong_build")
+
+	var stopBefore bootstrap.StopBefore
+	if configuration.BuildMode == android.GenerateModuleGraph {
+		stopBefore = bootstrap.StopBeforeWriteNinja
+	} else if configuration.BuildMode == android.GenerateQueryView || configuration.BuildMode == android.GenerateDocFile {
+		stopBefore = bootstrap.StopBeforePrepareBuildActions
+	} else {
+		stopBefore = bootstrap.DoEverything
 	}
 
-	return cmdlineArgs.OutFile
+	ninjaDeps := bootstrap.RunBlueprint(cmdlineArgs, stopBefore, ctx.Context, configuration)
+	ninjaDeps = append(ninjaDeps, extraNinjaDeps...)
+
+	globListFiles := writeBuildGlobsNinjaFile(ctx, configuration.SoongOutDir(), configuration)
+	ninjaDeps = append(ninjaDeps, globListFiles...)
+
+	// Convert the Soong module graph into Bazel BUILD files.
+	if configuration.BuildMode == android.GenerateQueryView {
+		queryviewMarkerFile := bazelQueryViewDir + ".marker"
+		runQueryView(bazelQueryViewDir, queryviewMarkerFile, configuration, ctx)
+		writeDepFile(queryviewMarkerFile, ctx.EventHandler, ninjaDeps)
+		return queryviewMarkerFile
+	} else if configuration.BuildMode == android.GenerateModuleGraph {
+		writeJsonModuleGraphAndActions(ctx, moduleGraphFile, moduleActionsFile)
+		writeDepFile(moduleGraphFile, ctx.EventHandler, ninjaDeps)
+		return moduleGraphFile
+	} else if configuration.BuildMode == android.GenerateDocFile {
+		// TODO: we could make writeDocs() return the list of documentation files
+		// written and add them to the .d file. Then soong_docs would be re-run
+		// whenever one is deleted.
+		if err := writeDocs(ctx, shared.JoinPath(topDir, docFile)); err != nil {
+			fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "error building Soong documentation: %s\n", err)
+			os.Exit(1)
+		}
+		writeDepFile(docFile, ctx.EventHandler, ninjaDeps)
+		return docFile
+	} else {
+		// The actual output (build.ninja) was written in the RunBlueprint() call
+		// above
+		writeDepFile(cmdlineArgs.OutFile, ctx.EventHandler, ninjaDeps)
+		return cmdlineArgs.OutFile
+	}
 }
 
 // soong_ui dumps the available environment variables to
@@ -463,13 +471,9 @@
 	logDir := availableEnv["LOG_DIR"]
 
 	ctx := newContext(configuration)
-	ctx.EventHandler.Begin("soong_build")
 
 	finalOutputFile := doChosenActivity(ctx, configuration, extraNinjaDeps, logDir)
 
-	ctx.EventHandler.End("soong_build")
-	writeMetrics(configuration, ctx.EventHandler, logDir)
-
 	writeUsedEnvironmentFile(configuration, finalOutputFile)
 }
 
@@ -614,9 +618,7 @@
 // Ideally, bp2build would write a file that contains instructions to the
 // symlink tree creation binary. Then the latter would not need to depend on
 // the very heavy-weight machinery of soong_build .
-func runSymlinkForestCreation(configuration android.Config, extraNinjaDeps []string, metricsDir string) {
-	eventHandler := &metrics.EventHandler{}
-
+func runSymlinkForestCreation(configuration android.Config, ctx *android.Context, extraNinjaDeps []string, metricsDir string) string {
 	var ninjaDeps []string
 	ninjaDeps = append(ninjaDeps, extraNinjaDeps...)
 
@@ -643,13 +645,13 @@
 	// Such a directory SHOULD be added to `ninjaDeps` so that a child directory
 	// or file created/deleted under it would trigger an update of the symlink
 	// forest.
-	eventHandler.Do("symlink_forest", func() {
+	ctx.EventHandler.Do("symlink_forest", func() {
 		symlinkForestDeps := bp2build.PlantSymlinkForest(
 			configuration.IsEnvTrue("BP2BUILD_VERBOSE"), topDir, workspaceRoot, generatedRoot, excludes)
 		ninjaDeps = append(ninjaDeps, symlinkForestDeps...)
 	})
 
-	writeDepFile(symlinkForestMarker, eventHandler, ninjaDeps)
+	writeDepFile(symlinkForestMarker, ctx.EventHandler, ninjaDeps)
 	touch(shared.JoinPath(topDir, symlinkForestMarker))
 	codegenMetrics := bp2build.ReadCodegenMetrics(metricsDir)
 	if codegenMetrics == nil {
@@ -659,27 +661,24 @@
 		//TODO (usta) we cannot determine if we loaded a stale file, i.e. from an unrelated prior
 		//invocation of codegen. We should simply use a separate .pb file
 	}
-	writeBp2BuildMetrics(codegenMetrics, eventHandler, metricsDir)
+	writeBp2BuildMetrics(codegenMetrics, ctx.EventHandler, metricsDir)
+
+	return symlinkForestMarker
 }
 
 // Run Soong in the bp2build mode. This creates a standalone context that registers
 // an alternate pipeline of mutators and singletons specifically for generating
 // Bazel BUILD files instead of Ninja files.
-func runBp2Build(configuration android.Config, extraNinjaDeps []string, metricsDir string) {
+func runBp2Build(configuration android.Config, ctx *android.Context, extraNinjaDeps []string, metricsDir string) string {
 	var codegenMetrics *bp2build.CodegenMetrics
-	eventHandler := &metrics.EventHandler{}
-	eventHandler.Do("bp2build", func() {
-
-		// Register an alternate set of singletons and mutators for bazel
-		// conversion for Bazel conversion.
-		bp2buildCtx := android.NewContext(configuration)
+	ctx.EventHandler.Do("bp2build", func() {
 
 		// Propagate "allow misssing dependencies" bit. This is normally set in
-		// newContext(), but we create bp2buildCtx without calling that method.
-		bp2buildCtx.SetAllowMissingDependencies(configuration.AllowMissingDependencies())
-		bp2buildCtx.SetNameInterface(newNameResolver(configuration))
-		bp2buildCtx.RegisterForBazelConversion()
-		bp2buildCtx.SetModuleListFile(cmdlineArgs.ModuleListFile)
+		// newContext(), but we create ctx without calling that method.
+		ctx.SetAllowMissingDependencies(configuration.AllowMissingDependencies())
+		ctx.SetNameInterface(newNameResolver(configuration))
+		ctx.RegisterForBazelConversion()
+		ctx.SetModuleListFile(cmdlineArgs.ModuleListFile)
 
 		var ninjaDeps []string
 		ninjaDeps = append(ninjaDeps, extraNinjaDeps...)
@@ -687,25 +686,25 @@
 		// Run the loading and analysis pipeline to prepare the graph of regular
 		// Modules parsed from Android.bp files, and the BazelTargetModules mapped
 		// from the regular Modules.
-		eventHandler.Do("bootstrap", func() {
+		ctx.EventHandler.Do("bootstrap", func() {
 			blueprintArgs := cmdlineArgs
-			bootstrapDeps := bootstrap.RunBlueprint(blueprintArgs, bootstrap.StopBeforePrepareBuildActions, bp2buildCtx.Context, configuration)
+			bootstrapDeps := bootstrap.RunBlueprint(blueprintArgs, bootstrap.StopBeforePrepareBuildActions, ctx.Context, configuration)
 			ninjaDeps = append(ninjaDeps, bootstrapDeps...)
 		})
 
-		globListFiles := writeBuildGlobsNinjaFile(bp2buildCtx, configuration.SoongOutDir(), configuration)
+		globListFiles := writeBuildGlobsNinjaFile(ctx, configuration.SoongOutDir(), configuration)
 		ninjaDeps = append(ninjaDeps, globListFiles...)
 
 		// Run the code-generation phase to convert BazelTargetModules to BUILD files
 		// and print conversion codegenMetrics to the user.
-		codegenContext := bp2build.NewCodegenContext(configuration, bp2buildCtx, bp2build.Bp2Build)
-		eventHandler.Do("codegen", func() {
+		codegenContext := bp2build.NewCodegenContext(configuration, ctx, bp2build.Bp2Build)
+		ctx.EventHandler.Do("codegen", func() {
 			codegenMetrics = bp2build.Codegen(codegenContext)
 		})
 
 		ninjaDeps = append(ninjaDeps, codegenContext.AdditionalNinjaDeps()...)
 
-		writeDepFile(bp2buildMarker, eventHandler, ninjaDeps)
+		writeDepFile(bp2buildMarker, ctx.EventHandler, ninjaDeps)
 		touch(shared.JoinPath(topDir, bp2buildMarker))
 	})
 
@@ -715,7 +714,8 @@
 	if configuration.IsEnvTrue("BP2BUILD_VERBOSE") {
 		codegenMetrics.Print()
 	}
-	writeBp2BuildMetrics(codegenMetrics, eventHandler, metricsDir)
+	writeBp2BuildMetrics(codegenMetrics, ctx.EventHandler, metricsDir)
+	return bp2buildMarker
 }
 
 // Write Bp2Build metrics into $LOG_DIR
diff --git a/go.mod b/go.mod
index 5f0b91a..7239f6d 100644
--- a/go.mod
+++ b/go.mod
@@ -1,24 +1,21 @@
 module android/soong
 
-require google.golang.org/protobuf v0.0.0
+require (
+  google.golang.org/protobuf v0.0.0
+  github.com/google/blueprint v0.0.0
+  prebuilts/bazel/common/proto/analysis_v2 v0.0.0
+  prebuilts/bazel/common/proto/build v0.0.0 // indirect
+)
 
-require github.com/google/blueprint v0.0.0
-
-replace google.golang.org/protobuf v0.0.0 => ../../external/golang-protobuf
-
-replace github.com/google/blueprint v0.0.0 => ../blueprint
+replace (
+  google.golang.org/protobuf v0.0.0 => ../../external/golang-protobuf
+  github.com/google/blueprint v0.0.0 => ../blueprint
+  github.com/google/go-cmp v0.5.5 => ../../external/go-cmp
+  prebuilts/bazel/common/proto/analysis_v2 => ../../prebuilts/bazel/common/proto/analysis_v2
+  prebuilts/bazel/common/proto/build => ../../prebuilts/bazel/common/proto/build
+)
 
 // Indirect deps from golang-protobuf
 exclude github.com/golang/protobuf v1.5.0
 
-replace github.com/google/go-cmp v0.5.5 => ../../external/go-cmp
-
-require prebuilts/bazel/common/proto/analysis_v2 v0.0.0
-
-replace prebuilts/bazel/common/proto/analysis_v2 => ../../prebuilts/bazel/common/proto/analysis_v2
-
-require prebuilts/bazel/common/proto/build v0.0.0 // indirect
-
-replace prebuilts/bazel/common/proto/build => ../../prebuilts/bazel/common/proto/build
-
-go 1.18
+go 2.0
diff --git a/java/aar.go b/java/aar.go
index 6261f29..0fdde03 100644
--- a/java/aar.go
+++ b/java/aar.go
@@ -1046,7 +1046,8 @@
 }
 
 func (a *AndroidLibrary) ConvertWithBp2build(ctx android.TopDownMutatorContext) {
-	commonAttrs, depLabels := a.convertLibraryAttrsBp2Build(ctx)
+	commonAttrs, bp2buildInfo := a.convertLibraryAttrsBp2Build(ctx)
+	depLabels := bp2buildInfo.DepLabels
 
 	deps := depLabels.Deps
 	if !commonAttrs.Srcs.IsEmpty() {
diff --git a/java/app.go b/java/app.go
index 2a51e10..e36808f 100755
--- a/java/app.go
+++ b/java/app.go
@@ -1492,7 +1492,8 @@
 
 // ConvertWithBp2build is used to convert android_app to Bazel.
 func (a *AndroidApp) ConvertWithBp2build(ctx android.TopDownMutatorContext) {
-	commonAttrs, depLabels := a.convertLibraryAttrsBp2Build(ctx)
+	commonAttrs, bp2BuildInfo := a.convertLibraryAttrsBp2Build(ctx)
+	depLabels := bp2BuildInfo.DepLabels
 
 	deps := depLabels.Deps
 	deps.Append(depLabels.StaticDeps)
diff --git a/java/base.go b/java/base.go
index 602e8d8..5d24981 100644
--- a/java/base.go
+++ b/java/base.go
@@ -868,7 +868,7 @@
 	flags = append(flags, genAidlIncludeFlags(ctx, aidlSrcs, includeDirs))
 
 	sdkVersion := (j.SdkVersion(ctx)).Kind
-	defaultTrace := ((sdkVersion == android.SdkSystemServer) || (sdkVersion == android.SdkCore) || (sdkVersion == android.SdkCorePlatform))
+	defaultTrace := ((sdkVersion == android.SdkSystemServer) || (sdkVersion == android.SdkCore) || (sdkVersion == android.SdkCorePlatform) || (sdkVersion == android.SdkModule))
 	if proptools.BoolDefault(j.deviceProperties.Aidl.Generate_traces, defaultTrace) {
 		flags = append(flags, "-t")
 	}
diff --git a/java/invalid_implementation_jar.sh b/java/invalid_implementation_jar.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..3820058
--- /dev/null
+++ b/java/invalid_implementation_jar.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+
+# Copyright 2022 Google Inc. All rights reserved.
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+# Script to detect and report an attempt to access an invalid implementation
+# jar.
+
+MOD=$1
+
+cat <<EOF
+
+    $MOD is a java_library that generates a jar file which must not be accessed
+    from outside the mainline module that provides it. If you are seeing this
+    message it means that you are incorrectly attempting to use the jar file
+    from a java_import prebuilt of $MOD.
+
+    This is most likely due to an incorrect dependency on $MOD in an Android.mk
+    or Android.bp file. Please remove that dependency and replace with
+    something more appropriate, e.g. a dependency on an API provided by the
+    module.
+
+    If you do not know where the extraneous dependency was added then you can
+    run the following command to find a list of all the paths from the target
+    which you are trying to build to the target which produced this error.
+
+        prebuilts/build-tools/linux-x86/bin/ninja -f out/combined-\${TARGET_PRODUCT}.ninja -t path <target> <invalid-jar>
+
+    Where <target> is the build target you specified on the command line which
+    produces this error and <invalid-jar> is the rule that failed with this
+    message. If you are specifying multiple build targets then you will need to
+    run the above command for every target until you find the cause.
+
+    The command will output one (of the possibly many) dependency paths from
+    <target> to <invalid-jar>, one file/phony target per line. e.g. it may
+    output something like this:
+
+        ....
+        out/soong/.intermediates/acme/broken/android_common/combined/broken.jar
+        out/soong/.intermediates/prebuilts/module_sdk/art/current/sdk/prebuilt_core-libart/android_common/combined/core-libart.jar
+        out/soong/.intermediates/prebuilts/module_sdk/art/current/sdk/art-module-sdk_core-libart-error/gen/this-file-will-never-be-created.jar
+
+    The last line is the failing target, the second to last line is a dependency
+    from the core-libart java_import onto the failing target, the third to last
+    line is the source of the dependency so you should look in acme/Android.bp
+    file for the "broken" module.
+
+EOF
+
+exit 1
diff --git a/java/java.go b/java/java.go
index b6fc6b8..718e1fe 100644
--- a/java/java.go
+++ b/java/java.go
@@ -86,11 +86,11 @@
 var (
 	// Supports adding java header libraries to module_exports and sdk.
 	javaHeaderLibsSdkMemberType = &librarySdkMemberType{
-		android.SdkMemberTypeBase{
+		SdkMemberTypeBase: android.SdkMemberTypeBase{
 			PropertyName: "java_header_libs",
 			SupportsSdk:  true,
 		},
-		func(_ android.SdkMemberContext, j *Library) android.Path {
+		jarToExportGetter: func(_ android.SdkMemberContext, j *Library) android.Path {
 			headerJars := j.HeaderJars()
 			if len(headerJars) != 1 {
 				panic(fmt.Errorf("there must be only one header jar from %q", j.Name()))
@@ -98,8 +98,8 @@
 
 			return headerJars[0]
 		},
-		sdkSnapshotFilePathForJar,
-		copyEverythingToSnapshot,
+		snapshotPathGetter:    sdkSnapshotFilePathForJar,
+		onlyCopyJarToSnapshot: copyEverythingToSnapshot,
 	}
 
 	// Export implementation classes jar as part of the sdk.
@@ -113,12 +113,12 @@
 
 	// Supports adding java implementation libraries to module_exports but not sdk.
 	javaLibsSdkMemberType = &librarySdkMemberType{
-		android.SdkMemberTypeBase{
+		SdkMemberTypeBase: android.SdkMemberTypeBase{
 			PropertyName: "java_libs",
 		},
-		exportImplementationClassesJar,
-		sdkSnapshotFilePathForJar,
-		copyEverythingToSnapshot,
+		jarToExportGetter:     exportImplementationClassesJar,
+		snapshotPathGetter:    sdkSnapshotFilePathForJar,
+		onlyCopyJarToSnapshot: copyEverythingToSnapshot,
 	}
 
 	snapshotRequiresImplementationJar = func(ctx android.SdkMemberContext) bool {
@@ -143,11 +143,11 @@
 	// necessary. The java_boot_libs property to allow those modules to be exported as part of the
 	// sdk/module_exports without exposing any unnecessary information.
 	javaBootLibsSdkMemberType = &librarySdkMemberType{
-		android.SdkMemberTypeBase{
+		SdkMemberTypeBase: android.SdkMemberTypeBase{
 			PropertyName: "java_boot_libs",
 			SupportsSdk:  true,
 		},
-		func(ctx android.SdkMemberContext, j *Library) android.Path {
+		jarToExportGetter: func(ctx android.SdkMemberContext, j *Library) android.Path {
 			if snapshotRequiresImplementationJar(ctx) {
 				return exportImplementationClassesJar(ctx, j)
 			}
@@ -156,9 +156,9 @@
 			// jar for use by dexpreopting and boot jars package check. They do not need to provide an
 			// actual implementation jar but the java_import will need a file that exists so just copy an
 			// empty file. Any attempt to use that file as a jar will cause a build error.
-			return ctx.SnapshotBuilder().EmptyFile()
+			return nil
 		},
-		func(ctx android.SdkMemberContext, osPrefix, name string) string {
+		snapshotPathGetter: func(ctx android.SdkMemberContext, osPrefix, name string) string {
 			if snapshotRequiresImplementationJar(ctx) {
 				return sdkSnapshotFilePathForJar(ctx, osPrefix, name)
 			}
@@ -168,7 +168,7 @@
 			// TODO(b/175714559): Provide a proper error message in Soong not ninja.
 			return filepath.Join(osPrefix, "java_boot_libs", "snapshot", "jars", "are", "invalid", name+jarFileSuffix)
 		},
-		onlyCopyJarToSnapshot,
+		onlyCopyJarToSnapshot: onlyCopyJarToSnapshot,
 	}
 
 	// Supports adding java systemserver libraries to module_exports and sdk.
@@ -182,27 +182,27 @@
 	// necessary. The java_systemserver_libs property to allow those modules to be exported as part of
 	// the sdk/module_exports without exposing any unnecessary information.
 	javaSystemserverLibsSdkMemberType = &librarySdkMemberType{
-		android.SdkMemberTypeBase{
+		SdkMemberTypeBase: android.SdkMemberTypeBase{
 			PropertyName: "java_systemserver_libs",
 			SupportsSdk:  true,
 
 			// This was only added in Tiramisu.
 			SupportedBuildReleaseSpecification: "Tiramisu+",
 		},
-		func(ctx android.SdkMemberContext, j *Library) android.Path {
+		jarToExportGetter: func(ctx android.SdkMemberContext, j *Library) android.Path {
 			// Java systemserver libs are only provided in the SDK to provide access to their dex
 			// implementation jar for use by dexpreopting. They do not need to provide an actual
 			// implementation jar but the java_import will need a file that exists so just copy an empty
 			// file. Any attempt to use that file as a jar will cause a build error.
-			return ctx.SnapshotBuilder().EmptyFile()
+			return nil
 		},
-		func(_ android.SdkMemberContext, osPrefix, name string) string {
+		snapshotPathGetter: func(_ android.SdkMemberContext, osPrefix, name string) string {
 			// Create a special name for the implementation jar to try and provide some useful information
 			// to a developer that attempts to compile against this.
 			// TODO(b/175714559): Provide a proper error message in Soong not ninja.
 			return filepath.Join(osPrefix, "java_systemserver_libs", "snapshot", "jars", "are", "invalid", name+jarFileSuffix)
 		},
-		onlyCopyJarToSnapshot,
+		onlyCopyJarToSnapshot: onlyCopyJarToSnapshot,
 	}
 
 	// Supports adding java test libraries to module_exports but not sdk.
@@ -232,7 +232,7 @@
 	ImplementationAndResourcesJars android.Paths
 
 	// ImplementationJars is a list of jars that contain the implementations of classes in the
-	//module.
+	// module.
 	ImplementationJars android.Paths
 
 	// ResourceJars is a list of jars that contain the resources included in the module.
@@ -718,7 +718,8 @@
 	android.SdkMemberTypeBase
 
 	// Function to retrieve the appropriate output jar (implementation or header) from
-	// the library.
+	// the library, if this returns nil then it is assumed that the snapshot must not provide access
+	// to the jar.
 	jarToExportGetter func(ctx android.SdkMemberContext, j *Library) android.Path
 
 	// Function to compute the snapshot relative path to which the named library's
@@ -755,7 +756,11 @@
 type librarySdkMemberProperties struct {
 	android.SdkMemberPropertiesBase
 
-	JarToExport     android.Path `android:"arch_variant"`
+	JarToExport android.Path `android:"arch_variant"`
+
+	// The path to a script to use when the jar is invalid.
+	InvalidJarScript android.Path
+
 	AidlIncludeDirs android.Paths
 
 	// The list of permitted packages that need to be passed to the prebuilts as they are used to
@@ -766,7 +771,15 @@
 func (p *librarySdkMemberProperties) PopulateFromVariant(ctx android.SdkMemberContext, variant android.Module) {
 	j := variant.(*Library)
 
-	p.JarToExport = ctx.MemberType().(*librarySdkMemberType).jarToExportGetter(ctx, j)
+	memberType := ctx.MemberType().(*librarySdkMemberType)
+	p.JarToExport = memberType.jarToExportGetter(ctx, j)
+
+	// If no jar was provided for export then disallow access to it completely.
+	if p.JarToExport == nil {
+		// Copy the script to prevent access to the jar into the snapshot.
+		p.InvalidJarScript = android.PathForSource(ctx.SdkModuleContext(),
+			"build/soong/java/invalid_implementation_jar.sh")
+	}
 
 	p.AidlIncludeDirs = j.AidlIncludeDirs()
 
@@ -789,6 +802,21 @@
 		propertySet.AddProperty("jars", []string{snapshotRelativeJavaLibPath})
 	}
 
+	if scriptSrc := p.InvalidJarScript; scriptSrc != nil {
+		// Copy the script to prevent access to the jar into the snapshot.
+		scriptDest := filepath.Join("scripts", scriptSrc.Base())
+		builder.CopyToSnapshot(scriptSrc, scriptDest)
+
+		// Generate a genrule module that will invoke the script passing in the module name.
+		genrule := builder.AddInternalModule(p, "genrule", "error")
+		genRuleName := genrule.Name()
+		genrule.AddProperty("out", []string{"this-file-will-never-be-created.jar"})
+		genrule.AddProperty("tool_files", []string{scriptDest})
+		genrule.AddProperty("cmd", fmt.Sprintf("$(location %s) %s", scriptDest, p.Name()))
+
+		propertySet.AddPropertyWithTag("jars", []string{":" + genRuleName}, builder.SdkMemberReferencePropertyTag(true))
+	}
+
 	if len(p.PermittedPackages) > 0 {
 		propertySet.AddProperty("permitted_packages", p.PermittedPackages)
 	}
@@ -1650,7 +1678,7 @@
 }
 
 func (j *Import) commonBuildActions(ctx android.ModuleContext) {
-	//TODO(b/231322772) these should come from Bazel once available
+	// TODO(b/231322772) these should come from Bazel once available
 	j.sdkVersion = j.SdkVersion(ctx)
 	j.minSdkVersion = j.MinSdkVersion(ctx)
 
@@ -2253,7 +2281,7 @@
 		resources.Append(android.BazelLabelForModuleSrc(ctx, m.properties.Java_resources))
 	}
 
-	//TODO(b/179889880) handle case where glob includes files outside package
+	// TODO(b/179889880) handle case where glob includes files outside package
 	resDeps := ResourceDirsToFiles(
 		ctx,
 		m.properties.Java_resource_dirs,
@@ -2307,11 +2335,21 @@
 	Deps bazel.LabelListAttribute
 }
 
-// convertLibraryAttrsBp2Build converts a few shared attributes from java_* modules
-// and also separates dependencies into dynamic dependencies and static dependencies.
-// Each corresponding Bazel target type, can have a different method for handling
-// dynamic vs. static dependencies, and so these are returned to the calling function.
-func (m *Library) convertLibraryAttrsBp2Build(ctx android.TopDownMutatorContext) (*javaCommonAttributes, *javaDependencyLabels) {
+// bp2BuildJavaInfo has information needed for the conversion of  java*_modules
+// that is needed bor Bp2Build conversion but that requires different handling
+// depending on the module type.
+type bp2BuildJavaInfo struct {
+	// separates dependencies into dynamic dependencies and static dependencies.
+	DepLabels     *javaDependencyLabels
+	hasKotlinSrcs bool
+}
+
+// convertLibraryAttrsBp2Build returns a javaCommonAttributes struct with
+// converted attributes shared across java_* modules and a bp2BuildJavaInfo struct
+// which has other non-attribute information needed for bp2build conversion
+// that needs different handling depending on the module types, and thus needs
+// to be returned to the calling function.
+func (m *Library) convertLibraryAttrsBp2Build(ctx android.TopDownMutatorContext) (*javaCommonAttributes, *bp2BuildJavaInfo) {
 	var srcs bazel.LabelListAttribute
 	var deps bazel.LabelList
 	var staticDeps bazel.LabelList
@@ -2330,14 +2368,18 @@
 	protoSrcPartition := "proto"
 	logtagSrcPartition := "logtag"
 	aidlSrcPartition := "aidl"
+	kotlinPartition := "kotlin"
 	srcPartitions := bazel.PartitionLabelListAttribute(ctx, &srcs, bazel.LabelPartitions{
 		javaSrcPartition:   bazel.LabelPartition{Extensions: []string{".java"}, Keep_remainder: true},
 		logtagSrcPartition: bazel.LabelPartition{Extensions: []string{".logtags", ".logtag"}},
 		protoSrcPartition:  android.ProtoSrcLabelPartition,
 		aidlSrcPartition:   android.AidlSrcLabelPartition,
+		kotlinPartition:    bazel.LabelPartition{Extensions: []string{".kt"}},
 	})
 
 	javaSrcs := srcPartitions[javaSrcPartition]
+	kotlinSrcs := srcPartitions[kotlinPartition]
+	javaSrcs.Append(kotlinSrcs)
 
 	if !srcPartitions[logtagSrcPartition].IsEmpty() {
 		logtagsLibName := m.Name() + "_logtags"
@@ -2401,7 +2443,7 @@
 	}
 
 	epEnabled := m.properties.Errorprone.Enabled
-	//TODO(b/227504307) add configuration that depends on RUN_ERROR_PRONE environment variable
+	// TODO(b/227504307) add configuration that depends on RUN_ERROR_PRONE environment variable
 	if Bool(epEnabled) {
 		javacopts = append(javacopts, m.properties.Errorprone.Javacflags...)
 	}
@@ -2447,18 +2489,25 @@
 	depLabels.Deps = bazel.MakeLabelListAttribute(deps)
 	depLabels.StaticDeps = bazel.MakeLabelListAttribute(staticDeps)
 
-	return commonAttrs, depLabels
+	bp2BuildInfo := &bp2BuildJavaInfo{
+		DepLabels:     depLabels,
+		hasKotlinSrcs: !kotlinSrcs.IsEmpty(),
+	}
+
+	return commonAttrs, bp2BuildInfo
 }
 
 type javaLibraryAttributes struct {
 	*javaCommonAttributes
-	Deps      bazel.LabelListAttribute
-	Exports   bazel.LabelListAttribute
-	Neverlink bazel.BoolAttribute
+	Deps        bazel.LabelListAttribute
+	Exports     bazel.LabelListAttribute
+	Neverlink   bazel.BoolAttribute
+	Common_srcs bazel.LabelListAttribute
 }
 
 func javaLibraryBp2Build(ctx android.TopDownMutatorContext, m *Library) {
-	commonAttrs, depLabels := m.convertLibraryAttrsBp2Build(ctx)
+	commonAttrs, bp2BuildInfo := m.convertLibraryAttrsBp2Build(ctx)
+	depLabels := bp2BuildInfo.DepLabels
 
 	deps := depLabels.Deps
 	if !commonAttrs.Srcs.IsEmpty() {
@@ -2473,15 +2522,25 @@
 		ctx.ModuleErrorf("Module has direct dependencies but no sources. Bazel will not allow this.")
 	}
 
+	var props bazel.BazelTargetModuleProperties
 	attrs := &javaLibraryAttributes{
 		javaCommonAttributes: commonAttrs,
 		Deps:                 deps,
 		Exports:              depLabels.StaticDeps,
 	}
 
-	props := bazel.BazelTargetModuleProperties{
-		Rule_class:        "java_library",
-		Bzl_load_location: "//build/bazel/rules/java:library.bzl",
+	if !bp2BuildInfo.hasKotlinSrcs && len(m.properties.Common_srcs) == 0 {
+		props = bazel.BazelTargetModuleProperties{
+			Rule_class:        "java_library",
+			Bzl_load_location: "//build/bazel/rules/java:library.bzl",
+		}
+	} else {
+		attrs.Common_srcs = bazel.MakeLabelListAttribute(android.BazelLabelForModuleSrc(ctx, m.properties.Common_srcs))
+
+		props = bazel.BazelTargetModuleProperties{
+			Rule_class:        "kt_jvm_library",
+			Bzl_load_location: "@rules_kotlin//kotlin:jvm_library.bzl",
+		}
 	}
 
 	name := m.Name()
@@ -2498,7 +2557,8 @@
 
 // JavaBinaryHostBp2Build is for java_binary_host bp2build.
 func javaBinaryHostBp2Build(ctx android.TopDownMutatorContext, m *Binary) {
-	commonAttrs, depLabels := m.convertLibraryAttrsBp2Build(ctx)
+	commonAttrs, bp2BuildInfo := m.convertLibraryAttrsBp2Build(ctx)
+	depLabels := bp2BuildInfo.DepLabels
 
 	deps := depLabels.Deps
 	deps.Append(depLabels.StaticDeps)
@@ -2637,7 +2697,7 @@
 		HeaderJars:                     android.PathsIfNonNil(i.combinedClasspathFile),
 		ImplementationAndResourcesJars: android.PathsIfNonNil(i.combinedClasspathFile),
 		ImplementationJars:             android.PathsIfNonNil(i.combinedClasspathFile),
-		//TODO(b/240308299) include AIDL information from Bazel
+		// TODO(b/240308299) include AIDL information from Bazel
 	})
 
 	i.maybeInstall(ctx, jarName, outputFile)
diff --git a/java/legacy_core_platform_api_usage.go b/java/legacy_core_platform_api_usage.go
index 8e22491..7a5da5c 100644
--- a/java/legacy_core_platform_api_usage.go
+++ b/java/legacy_core_platform_api_usage.go
@@ -22,30 +22,25 @@
 var legacyCorePlatformApiModules = []string{
 	"AAECarSystemUI",
 	"AAECarSystemUI-tests",
-	"ArcSettings",
 	"ahat-test-dump",
 	"android.car",
 	"android.test.mock",
 	"android.test.mock.impl",
 	"AoapTestDeviceApp",
 	"AoapTestHostApp",
-	"api-stubs-docs",
+	"ArcSettings",
 	"art_cts_jvmti_test_library",
 	"art-gtest-jars-MyClassNatives",
-	"BackupEncryption",
 	"BackupFrameworksServicesRoboTests",
-	"backuplib",
 	"BandwidthEnforcementTest",
 	"BlockedNumberProvider",
 	"BluetoothInstrumentationTests",
 	"BluetoothMidiLib",
 	"BluetoothMidiService",
 	"BTTestApp",
-	"CallEnhancement",
 	"CapCtrlInterface",
 	"CarService",
 	"CarServiceTest",
-	"car-service-test-lib",
 	"car-service-test-static-lib",
 	"CertInstaller",
 	"com.qti.location.sdk",
@@ -60,17 +55,13 @@
 	"CtsAppExitTestCases",
 	"CtsContentTestCases",
 	"CtsLibcoreWycheproofBCTestCases",
-	"CtsMediaTestCases",
 	"CtsNetTestCases",
 	"CtsNetTestCasesLatestSdk",
 	"CtsSecurityTestCases",
 	"CtsSuspendAppsTestCases",
 	"CtsUsageStatsTestCases",
-	"DeadpoolService",
-	"DeadpoolServiceBtServices",
 	"DeviceInfo",
 	"DiagnosticTools",
-	"DisplayCutoutEmulationEmu01Overlay",
 	"DocumentsUIGoogleTests",
 	"DocumentsUIPerfTests",
 	"DocumentsUITests",
@@ -78,10 +69,9 @@
 	"DownloadProvider",
 	"DownloadProviderTests",
 	"DownloadProviderUi",
-	"ds-car-docs", // for AAOS API documentation only
+	"ds-car-docs",
 	"DynamicSystemInstallationService",
 	"EmergencyInfo-lib",
-	"EthernetServiceTests",
 	"ExternalStorageProvider",
 	"face-V1-0-javalib",
 	"FloralClocks",
@@ -91,11 +81,11 @@
 	"FrameworkOverlayG6QU3",
 	"FrameworksCoreTests",
 	"FrameworksIkeTests",
+	"FrameworksMockingServicesTests",
 	"FrameworksNetCommonTests",
 	"FrameworksNetTests",
 	"FrameworksServicesRoboTests",
 	"FrameworksServicesTests",
-	"FrameworksMockingServicesTests",
 	"FrameworksUtilTests",
 	"GtsIncrementalInstallTestCases",
 	"GtsIncrementalInstallTriggerApp",
@@ -103,11 +93,9 @@
 	"HelloOslo",
 	"hid",
 	"hidl_test_java_java",
-	"hwbinder",
 	"imssettings",
 	"izat.lib.glue",
 	"KeyChain",
-	"LocalSettingsLib",
 	"LocalTransport",
 	"lockagent",
 	"mediaframeworktest",
@@ -128,7 +116,6 @@
 	"online-gts-docs",
 	"PerformanceMode",
 	"platform_library-docs",
-	"PowerStatsService",
 	"PrintSpooler",
 	"pxp-monitor",
 	"QColor",
@@ -157,18 +144,6 @@
 	"SettingsGoogleOverlayCoral",
 	"SettingsGoogleOverlayFlame",
 	"SettingsLib",
-	"SettingsOverlayG020A",
-	"SettingsOverlayG020B",
-	"SettingsOverlayG020C",
-	"SettingsOverlayG020D",
-	"SettingsOverlayG020E",
-	"SettingsOverlayG020E_VN",
-	"SettingsOverlayG020F",
-	"SettingsOverlayG020F_VN",
-	"SettingsOverlayG020G",
-	"SettingsOverlayG020G_VN",
-	"SettingsOverlayG020H",
-	"SettingsOverlayG020H_VN",
 	"SettingsOverlayG020I",
 	"SettingsOverlayG020I_VN",
 	"SettingsOverlayG020J",
@@ -191,9 +166,6 @@
 	"SimSettings",
 	"sl4a.Common",
 	"StatementService",
-	"SystemUI-core",
-	"SystemUISharedLib",
-	"SystemUI-tests",
 	"tcmiface",
 	"Telecom",
 	"TelecomUnitTests",
@@ -202,11 +174,6 @@
 	"TeleService",
 	"testables",
 	"TetheringTests",
-	"TetheringTestsLib",
-	"time_zone_distro_installer",
-	"time_zone_distro_installer-tests",
-	"time_zone_distro-tests",
-	"time_zone_updater",
 	"TMobilePlanProvider",
 	"TvProvider",
 	"uiautomator-stubs-docs",
diff --git a/java/plugin.go b/java/plugin.go
index 123dbd4..731dfda 100644
--- a/java/plugin.go
+++ b/java/plugin.go
@@ -66,7 +66,8 @@
 // ConvertWithBp2build is used to convert android_app to Bazel.
 func (p *Plugin) ConvertWithBp2build(ctx android.TopDownMutatorContext) {
 	pluginName := p.Name()
-	commonAttrs, depLabels := p.convertLibraryAttrsBp2Build(ctx)
+	commonAttrs, bp2BuildInfo := p.convertLibraryAttrsBp2Build(ctx)
+	depLabels := bp2BuildInfo.DepLabels
 
 	deps := depLabels.Deps
 	deps.Append(depLabels.StaticDeps)
diff --git a/sdk/bootclasspath_fragment_sdk_test.go b/sdk/bootclasspath_fragment_sdk_test.go
index 1b64130..58c1647 100644
--- a/sdk/bootclasspath_fragment_sdk_test.go
+++ b/sdk/bootclasspath_fragment_sdk_test.go
@@ -169,7 +169,15 @@
     prefer: false,
     visibility: ["//visibility:public"],
     apex_available: ["com.android.art"],
-    jars: ["java_boot_libs/snapshot/jars/are/invalid/core1.jar"],
+    jars: [":mysdk_core1-error"],
+}
+
+genrule {
+    name: "mysdk_core1-error",
+    visibility: ["//visibility:private"],
+    out: ["this-file-will-never-be-created.jar"],
+    tool_files: ["scripts/invalid_implementation_jar.sh"],
+    cmd: "$(location scripts/invalid_implementation_jar.sh) core1",
 }
 
 java_import {
@@ -177,7 +185,15 @@
     prefer: false,
     visibility: ["//visibility:public"],
     apex_available: ["com.android.art"],
-    jars: ["java_boot_libs/snapshot/jars/are/invalid/core2.jar"],
+    jars: [":mysdk_core2-error"],
+}
+
+genrule {
+    name: "mysdk_core2-error",
+    visibility: ["//visibility:private"],
+    out: ["this-file-will-never-be-created.jar"],
+    tool_files: ["scripts/invalid_implementation_jar.sh"],
+    cmd: "$(location scripts/invalid_implementation_jar.sh) core2",
 }
 `),
 		checkAllCopyRules(`
@@ -187,8 +203,7 @@
 .intermediates/mybootclasspathfragment/android_common/modular-hiddenapi/signature-patterns.csv -> hiddenapi/signature-patterns.csv
 .intermediates/mybootclasspathfragment/android_common/modular-hiddenapi/filtered-stub-flags.csv -> hiddenapi/filtered-stub-flags.csv
 .intermediates/mybootclasspathfragment/android_common/modular-hiddenapi/filtered-flags.csv -> hiddenapi/filtered-flags.csv
-.intermediates/mysdk/common_os/empty -> java_boot_libs/snapshot/jars/are/invalid/core1.jar
-.intermediates/mysdk/common_os/empty -> java_boot_libs/snapshot/jars/are/invalid/core2.jar
+build/soong/java/invalid_implementation_jar.sh -> scripts/invalid_implementation_jar.sh
 		`),
 		snapshotTestPreparer(checkSnapshotWithoutSource, preparerForSnapshot),
 
@@ -357,10 +372,18 @@
     prefer: false,
     visibility: ["//visibility:public"],
     apex_available: ["myapex"],
-    jars: ["java_boot_libs/snapshot/jars/are/invalid/mybootlib.jar"],
+    jars: [":mysdk_mybootlib-error"],
     permitted_packages: ["mybootlib"],
 }
 
+genrule {
+    name: "mysdk_mybootlib-error",
+    visibility: ["//visibility:private"],
+    out: ["this-file-will-never-be-created.jar"],
+    tool_files: ["scripts/invalid_implementation_jar.sh"],
+    cmd: "$(location scripts/invalid_implementation_jar.sh) mybootlib",
+}
+
 java_sdk_library_import {
     name: "myothersdklibrary",
     prefer: false,
@@ -467,7 +490,7 @@
 .intermediates/mybootclasspathfragment/android_common/modular-hiddenapi/signature-patterns.csv -> hiddenapi/signature-patterns.csv
 .intermediates/mybootclasspathfragment/android_common/modular-hiddenapi/filtered-stub-flags.csv -> hiddenapi/filtered-stub-flags.csv
 .intermediates/mybootclasspathfragment/android_common/modular-hiddenapi/filtered-flags.csv -> hiddenapi/filtered-flags.csv
-.intermediates/mysdk/common_os/empty -> java_boot_libs/snapshot/jars/are/invalid/mybootlib.jar
+build/soong/java/invalid_implementation_jar.sh -> scripts/invalid_implementation_jar.sh
 .intermediates/myothersdklibrary.stubs/android_common/javac/myothersdklibrary.stubs.jar -> sdk_library/public/myothersdklibrary-stubs.jar
 .intermediates/myothersdklibrary.stubs.source/android_common/metalava/myothersdklibrary.stubs.source_api.txt -> sdk_library/public/myothersdklibrary.txt
 .intermediates/myothersdklibrary.stubs.source/android_common/metalava/myothersdklibrary.stubs.source_removed.txt -> sdk_library/public/myothersdklibrary-removed.txt
@@ -487,7 +510,7 @@
 .intermediates/mybootclasspathfragment/android_common_myapex/modular-hiddenapi/signature-patterns.csv -> hiddenapi/signature-patterns.csv
 .intermediates/mybootclasspathfragment/android_common_myapex/modular-hiddenapi/filtered-stub-flags.csv -> hiddenapi/filtered-stub-flags.csv
 .intermediates/mybootclasspathfragment/android_common_myapex/modular-hiddenapi/filtered-flags.csv -> hiddenapi/filtered-flags.csv
-.intermediates/mysdk/common_os/empty -> java_boot_libs/snapshot/jars/are/invalid/mybootlib.jar
+build/soong/java/invalid_implementation_jar.sh -> scripts/invalid_implementation_jar.sh
 .intermediates/myothersdklibrary.stubs/android_common/javac/myothersdklibrary.stubs.jar -> sdk_library/public/myothersdklibrary-stubs.jar
 .intermediates/myothersdklibrary.stubs.source/android_common/metalava/myothersdklibrary.stubs.source_api.txt -> sdk_library/public/myothersdklibrary.txt
 .intermediates/myothersdklibrary.stubs.source/android_common/metalava/myothersdklibrary.stubs.source_removed.txt -> sdk_library/public/myothersdklibrary-removed.txt
@@ -876,10 +899,18 @@
     prefer: false,
     visibility: ["//visibility:public"],
     apex_available: ["myapex"],
-    jars: ["java_boot_libs/snapshot/jars/are/invalid/mybootlib.jar"],
+    jars: [":mysdk_mybootlib-error"],
     permitted_packages: ["mybootlib"],
 }
 
+genrule {
+    name: "mysdk_mybootlib-error",
+    visibility: ["//visibility:private"],
+    out: ["this-file-will-never-be-created.jar"],
+    tool_files: ["scripts/invalid_implementation_jar.sh"],
+    cmd: "$(location scripts/invalid_implementation_jar.sh) mybootlib",
+}
+
 java_sdk_library_import {
     name: "mynewlibrary",
     prefer: false,
@@ -930,7 +961,7 @@
 .intermediates/mybootclasspathfragment/android_common/modular-hiddenapi/signature-patterns.csv -> hiddenapi/signature-patterns.csv
 .intermediates/mybootclasspathfragment/android_common/modular-hiddenapi/filtered-stub-flags.csv -> hiddenapi/filtered-stub-flags.csv
 .intermediates/mybootclasspathfragment/android_common/modular-hiddenapi/filtered-flags.csv -> hiddenapi/filtered-flags.csv
-.intermediates/mysdk/common_os/empty -> java_boot_libs/snapshot/jars/are/invalid/mybootlib.jar
+build/soong/java/invalid_implementation_jar.sh -> scripts/invalid_implementation_jar.sh
 .intermediates/mynewlibrary.stubs/android_common/javac/mynewlibrary.stubs.jar -> sdk_library/public/mynewlibrary-stubs.jar
 .intermediates/mynewlibrary.stubs.source/android_common/metalava/mynewlibrary.stubs.source_api.txt -> sdk_library/public/mynewlibrary.txt
 .intermediates/mynewlibrary.stubs.source/android_common/metalava/mynewlibrary.stubs.source_removed.txt -> sdk_library/public/mynewlibrary-removed.txt
diff --git a/sdk/java_sdk_test.go b/sdk/java_sdk_test.go
index 51903ce3..c6cb6c2 100644
--- a/sdk/java_sdk_test.go
+++ b/sdk/java_sdk_test.go
@@ -19,11 +19,13 @@
 	"testing"
 
 	"android/soong/android"
+	"android/soong/genrule"
 	"android/soong/java"
 )
 
 var prepareForSdkTestWithJava = android.GroupFixturePreparers(
 	java.PrepareForTestWithJavaBuildComponents,
+	genrule.PrepareForTestWithGenRuleBuildComponents,
 	PrepareForTestWithSdkBuildComponents,
 
 	// Ensure that all source paths are provided. This helps ensure that the snapshot generation is
@@ -34,6 +36,7 @@
 	// Files needs by most of the tests.
 	android.MockFS{
 		"Test.java": nil,
+		"build/soong/java/invalid_implementation_jar.sh": nil,
 	}.AddToFixture(),
 )
 
@@ -288,18 +291,26 @@
     prefer: false,
     visibility: ["//visibility:public"],
     apex_available: ["//apex_available:platform"],
-    jars: ["java_boot_libs/snapshot/jars/are/invalid/myjavalib.jar"],
+    jars: [":mysdk_myjavalib-error"],
     permitted_packages: ["pkg.myjavalib"],
 }
+
+genrule {
+    name: "mysdk_myjavalib-error",
+    visibility: ["//visibility:private"],
+    out: ["this-file-will-never-be-created.jar"],
+    tool_files: ["scripts/invalid_implementation_jar.sh"],
+    cmd: "$(location scripts/invalid_implementation_jar.sh) myjavalib",
+}
 `),
 		checkAllCopyRules(`
-.intermediates/mysdk/common_os/empty -> java_boot_libs/snapshot/jars/are/invalid/myjavalib.jar
+build/soong/java/invalid_implementation_jar.sh -> scripts/invalid_implementation_jar.sh
 `),
 	)
 }
 
 func TestSnapshotWithJavaBootLibrary_UpdatableMedia(t *testing.T) {
-	runTest := func(t *testing.T, targetBuildRelease, expectedJarPath, expectedCopyRule string) {
+	runTest := func(t *testing.T, targetBuildRelease, expectedJarPath, expectedGenRule, expectedCopyRule string) {
 		result := android.GroupFixturePreparers(
 			prepareForSdkTestWithJava,
 			android.FixtureMergeEnv(map[string]string{
@@ -334,20 +345,27 @@
     jars: ["%s"],
     permitted_packages: ["pkg.media"],
 }
-`, expectedJarPath)),
+%s`, expectedJarPath, expectedGenRule)),
 			checkAllCopyRules(expectedCopyRule),
 		)
 	}
 
 	t.Run("updatable-media in S", func(t *testing.T) {
-		runTest(t, "S", "java/updatable-media.jar", `
+		runTest(t, "S", "java/updatable-media.jar", "", `
 .intermediates/updatable-media/android_common/package-check/updatable-media.jar -> java/updatable-media.jar
 `)
 	})
 
 	t.Run("updatable-media in T", func(t *testing.T) {
-		runTest(t, "Tiramisu", "java_boot_libs/snapshot/jars/are/invalid/updatable-media.jar", `
-.intermediates/mysdk/common_os/empty -> java_boot_libs/snapshot/jars/are/invalid/updatable-media.jar
+		runTest(t, "Tiramisu", ":mysdk_updatable-media-error", `
+genrule {
+    name: "mysdk_updatable-media-error",
+    visibility: ["//visibility:private"],
+    out: ["this-file-will-never-be-created.jar"],
+    tool_files: ["scripts/invalid_implementation_jar.sh"],
+    cmd: "$(location scripts/invalid_implementation_jar.sh) updatable-media",
+}`, `
+build/soong/java/invalid_implementation_jar.sh -> scripts/invalid_implementation_jar.sh
 `)
 	})
 }
@@ -389,12 +407,20 @@
     prefer: false,
     visibility: ["//visibility:public"],
     apex_available: ["//apex_available:platform"],
-    jars: ["java_systemserver_libs/snapshot/jars/are/invalid/myjavalib.jar"],
+    jars: [":myexports_myjavalib-error"],
     permitted_packages: ["pkg.myjavalib"],
 }
+
+genrule {
+    name: "myexports_myjavalib-error",
+    visibility: ["//visibility:private"],
+    out: ["this-file-will-never-be-created.jar"],
+    tool_files: ["scripts/invalid_implementation_jar.sh"],
+    cmd: "$(location scripts/invalid_implementation_jar.sh) myjavalib",
+}
 `),
 		checkAllCopyRules(`
-.intermediates/myexports/common_os/empty -> java_systemserver_libs/snapshot/jars/are/invalid/myjavalib.jar
+build/soong/java/invalid_implementation_jar.sh -> scripts/invalid_implementation_jar.sh
 `),
 	)
 }
diff --git a/sdk/systemserverclasspath_fragment_sdk_test.go b/sdk/systemserverclasspath_fragment_sdk_test.go
index 1ac405d..9540a6b 100644
--- a/sdk/systemserverclasspath_fragment_sdk_test.go
+++ b/sdk/systemserverclasspath_fragment_sdk_test.go
@@ -119,10 +119,18 @@
     prefer: false,
     visibility: ["//visibility:public"],
     apex_available: ["myapex"],
-    jars: ["java_systemserver_libs/snapshot/jars/are/invalid/mylib.jar"],
+    jars: [":mysdk_mylib-error"],
     permitted_packages: ["mylib"],
 }
 
+genrule {
+    name: "mysdk_mylib-error",
+    visibility: ["//visibility:private"],
+    out: ["this-file-will-never-be-created.jar"],
+    tool_files: ["scripts/invalid_implementation_jar.sh"],
+    cmd: "$(location scripts/invalid_implementation_jar.sh) mylib",
+}
+
 prebuilt_systemserverclasspath_fragment {
     name: "mysystemserverclasspathfragment",
     prefer: false,
@@ -180,10 +188,18 @@
     prefer: false,
     visibility: ["//visibility:public"],
     apex_available: ["myapex"],
-    jars: ["java_systemserver_libs/snapshot/jars/are/invalid/mylib.jar"],
+    jars: [":mysdk_mylib-error"],
     permitted_packages: ["mylib"],
 }
 
+genrule {
+    name: "mysdk_mylib-error",
+    visibility: ["//visibility:private"],
+    out: ["this-file-will-never-be-created.jar"],
+    tool_files: ["scripts/invalid_implementation_jar.sh"],
+    cmd: "$(location scripts/invalid_implementation_jar.sh) mylib",
+}
+
 prebuilt_systemserverclasspath_fragment {
     name: "mysystemserverclasspathfragment",
     prefer: false,
diff --git a/sdk/update.go b/sdk/update.go
index 92a13fa..6ebbf09 100644
--- a/sdk/update.go
+++ b/sdk/update.go
@@ -1049,9 +1049,6 @@
 	filesToZip  android.Paths
 	zipsToMerge android.Paths
 
-	// The path to an empty file.
-	emptyFile android.WritablePath
-
 	prebuiltModules map[string]*bpModule
 	prebuiltOrder   []*bpModule
 
@@ -1111,19 +1108,6 @@
 	s.zipsToMerge = append(s.zipsToMerge, tmpZipPath)
 }
 
-func (s *snapshotBuilder) EmptyFile() android.Path {
-	if s.emptyFile == nil {
-		ctx := s.ctx
-		s.emptyFile = android.PathForModuleOut(ctx, "empty")
-		s.ctx.Build(pctx, android.BuildParams{
-			Rule:   android.Touch,
-			Output: s.emptyFile,
-		})
-	}
-
-	return s.emptyFile
-}
-
 func (s *snapshotBuilder) AddPrebuiltModule(member android.SdkMember, moduleType string) android.BpModule {
 	name := member.Name()
 	if s.prebuiltModules[name] != nil {
@@ -1200,6 +1184,24 @@
 	return m
 }
 
+func (s *snapshotBuilder) AddInternalModule(properties android.SdkMemberProperties, moduleType string, nameSuffix string) android.BpModule {
+	name := properties.Name() + "-" + nameSuffix
+
+	if s.prebuiltModules[name] != nil {
+		panic(fmt.Sprintf("Duplicate module detected, module %s has already been added", name))
+	}
+
+	m := s.bpFile.newModule(moduleType)
+	m.AddProperty("name", name)
+	m.AddProperty("visibility", []string{"//visibility:private"})
+
+	s.prebuiltModules[name] = m
+	s.prebuiltOrder = append(s.prebuiltOrder, m)
+
+	s.allMembersByName[name] = struct{}{}
+	return m
+}
+
 func addHostDeviceSupportedProperties(deviceSupported bool, hostSupported bool, bpModule *bpModule) {
 	// If neither device or host is supported then this module does not support either so will not
 	// recognize the properties.
@@ -1230,18 +1232,23 @@
 // Get a name for sdk snapshot member. If the member is private then generate a snapshot specific
 // name. As part of the processing this checks to make sure that any required members are part of
 // the snapshot.
-func (s *snapshotBuilder) snapshotSdkMemberName(name string, required bool) string {
+func (s *snapshotBuilder) snapshotSdkMemberName(reference string, required bool) string {
+	prefix := ""
+	name := strings.TrimPrefix(reference, ":")
+	if name != reference {
+		prefix = ":"
+	}
 	if _, ok := s.allMembersByName[name]; !ok {
 		if required {
 			s.ctx.ModuleErrorf("Required member reference %s is not a member of the sdk", name)
 		}
-		return name
+		return reference
 	}
 
 	if s.isInternalMember(name) {
-		return s.ctx.ModuleName() + "_" + name
+		return prefix + s.ctx.ModuleName() + "_" + name
 	} else {
-		return name
+		return reference
 	}
 }
 
@@ -2057,6 +2064,7 @@
 	variantPropertiesFactory := func() android.SdkMemberProperties {
 		properties := memberType.CreateVariantPropertiesStruct()
 		base := properties.Base()
+		base.MemberName = member.Name()
 		base.Os_count = osCount
 		return properties
 	}
diff --git a/ui/build/Android.bp b/ui/build/Android.bp
index cfcf804..7a8fca9 100644
--- a/ui/build/Android.bp
+++ b/ui/build/Android.bp
@@ -46,7 +46,6 @@
         "soong-ui-tracer",
     ],
     srcs: [
-        "bazel.go",
         "build.go",
         "cleanbuild.go",
         "config.go",
diff --git a/ui/build/bazel.go b/ui/build/bazel.go
deleted file mode 100644
index bd469a4..0000000
--- a/ui/build/bazel.go
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,257 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2020 Google Inc. All rights reserved.
-//
-// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
-// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
-// You may obtain a copy of the License at
-//
-//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-//
-// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
-// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
-// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
-// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
-// limitations under the License.
-
-package build
-
-import (
-	"bytes"
-	"fmt"
-	"io/ioutil"
-	"os"
-	"path/filepath"
-	"strings"
-
-	"android/soong/bazel"
-	"android/soong/shared"
-	"android/soong/ui/metrics"
-)
-
-func getBazelInfo(ctx Context, config Config, bazelExecutable string, bazelEnv map[string]string, query string) string {
-	infoCmd := Command(ctx, config, "bazel", bazelExecutable)
-
-	if extraStartupArgs, ok := infoCmd.Environment.Get("BAZEL_STARTUP_ARGS"); ok {
-		infoCmd.Args = append(infoCmd.Args, strings.Fields(extraStartupArgs)...)
-	}
-
-	// Obtain the output directory path in the execution root.
-	infoCmd.Args = append(infoCmd.Args,
-		"info",
-		query,
-	)
-
-	for k, v := range bazelEnv {
-		infoCmd.Environment.Set(k, v)
-	}
-
-	infoCmd.Dir = filepath.Join(config.OutDir(), "..")
-
-	queryResult := strings.TrimSpace(string(infoCmd.OutputOrFatal()))
-	return queryResult
-}
-
-// Main entry point to construct the Bazel build command line, environment
-// variables and post-processing steps (e.g. converge output directories)
-func runBazel(ctx Context, config Config) {
-	ctx.BeginTrace(metrics.RunBazel, "bazel")
-	defer ctx.EndTrace()
-
-	// "droid" is the default ninja target.
-	// TODO(b/160568333): stop hardcoding 'droid' to support building any
-	// Ninja target.
-	outputGroups := "droid"
-	if len(config.ninjaArgs) > 0 {
-		// At this stage, the residue slice of args passed to ninja
-		// are the ninja targets to build, which can correspond directly
-		// to ninja_build's output_groups.
-		outputGroups = strings.Join(config.ninjaArgs, ",")
-	}
-
-	// Environment variables are the primary mechanism to pass information from
-	// soong_ui configuration or context to Bazel.
-	bazelEnv := make(map[string]string)
-
-	// Use *_NINJA variables to pass the root-relative path of the combined,
-	// kati-generated, soong-generated, and packaging Ninja files to Bazel.
-	// Bazel reads these from the lunch() repository rule.
-	bazelEnv["COMBINED_NINJA"] = config.CombinedNinjaFile()
-	bazelEnv["KATI_NINJA"] = config.KatiBuildNinjaFile()
-	bazelEnv["PACKAGE_NINJA"] = config.KatiPackageNinjaFile()
-	bazelEnv["SOONG_NINJA"] = config.SoongNinjaFile()
-
-	// NOTE: When Bazel is used, config.DistDir() is rigged to return a fake distdir under config.OutDir()
-	// This is to ensure that Bazel can actually write there. See config.go for more details.
-	bazelEnv["DIST_DIR"] = config.DistDir()
-
-	bazelEnv["SHELL"] = "/bin/bash"
-
-	// `build/bazel/bin/bazel` is the default entry point for executing Bazel in the AOSP
-	// source tree.
-	bazelExecutable := filepath.Join("build", "bazel", "bin", "bazel")
-	cmd := Command(ctx, config, "bazel", bazelExecutable)
-
-	// Append custom startup flags to the Bazel command. Startup flags affect
-	// the Bazel server itself, and any changes to these flags would incur a
-	// restart of the server, losing much of the in-memory incrementality.
-	if extraStartupArgs, ok := cmd.Environment.Get("BAZEL_STARTUP_ARGS"); ok {
-		cmd.Args = append(cmd.Args, strings.Fields(extraStartupArgs)...)
-	}
-
-	// Start constructing the `build` command.
-	actionName := bazel.BazelNinjaExecRunName
-	cmd.Args = append(cmd.Args,
-		"build",
-		// Use output_groups to select the set of outputs to produce from a
-		// ninja_build target.
-		"--output_groups="+outputGroups,
-		// Generate a performance profile
-		"--profile="+filepath.Join(shared.BazelMetricsFilename(config, actionName)),
-		"--slim_profile=true",
-	)
-
-	if config.UseRBE() {
-		for _, envVar := range []string{
-			// RBE client
-			"RBE_compare",
-			"RBE_exec_strategy",
-			"RBE_invocation_id",
-			"RBE_log_dir",
-			"RBE_num_retries_if_mismatched",
-			"RBE_platform",
-			"RBE_remote_accept_cache",
-			"RBE_remote_update_cache",
-			"RBE_server_address",
-			// TODO: remove old FLAG_ variables.
-			"FLAG_compare",
-			"FLAG_exec_root",
-			"FLAG_exec_strategy",
-			"FLAG_invocation_id",
-			"FLAG_log_dir",
-			"FLAG_platform",
-			"FLAG_remote_accept_cache",
-			"FLAG_remote_update_cache",
-			"FLAG_server_address",
-		} {
-			cmd.Args = append(cmd.Args,
-				"--action_env="+envVar)
-		}
-
-		// We need to calculate --RBE_exec_root ourselves
-		ctx.Println("Getting Bazel execution_root...")
-		cmd.Args = append(cmd.Args, "--action_env=RBE_exec_root="+getBazelInfo(ctx, config, bazelExecutable, bazelEnv, "execution_root"))
-	}
-
-	// Ensure that the PATH environment variable value used in the action
-	// environment is the restricted set computed from soong_ui, and not a
-	// user-provided one, for hermeticity reasons.
-	if pathEnvValue, ok := config.environ.Get("PATH"); ok {
-		cmd.Environment.Set("PATH", pathEnvValue)
-		cmd.Args = append(cmd.Args, "--action_env=PATH="+pathEnvValue)
-	}
-
-	// Allow Bazel actions to see the SHELL variable (passed to Bazel above)
-	cmd.Args = append(cmd.Args, "--action_env=SHELL")
-
-	// Append custom build flags to the Bazel command. Changes to these flags
-	// may invalidate Bazel's analysis cache.
-	// These should be appended as the final args, so that they take precedence.
-	if extraBuildArgs, ok := cmd.Environment.Get("BAZEL_BUILD_ARGS"); ok {
-		cmd.Args = append(cmd.Args, strings.Fields(extraBuildArgs)...)
-	}
-
-	// Append the label of the default ninja_build target.
-	cmd.Args = append(cmd.Args,
-		"//:"+config.TargetProduct()+"-"+config.TargetBuildVariant(),
-	)
-
-	// Execute the command at the root of the directory.
-	cmd.Dir = filepath.Join(config.OutDir(), "..")
-
-	for k, v := range bazelEnv {
-		cmd.Environment.Set(k, v)
-	}
-
-	// Make a human-readable version of the bazelEnv map
-	bazelEnvStringBuffer := new(bytes.Buffer)
-	for k, v := range bazelEnv {
-		fmt.Fprintf(bazelEnvStringBuffer, "%s=%s ", k, v)
-	}
-
-	// Print the implicit command line
-	ctx.Println("Bazel implicit command line: " + strings.Join(cmd.Environment.Environ(), " ") + " " + cmd.Cmd.String() + "\n")
-
-	// Print the explicit command line too
-	ctx.Println("Bazel explicit command line: " + bazelEnvStringBuffer.String() + cmd.Cmd.String() + "\n")
-
-	// Execute the build command.
-	cmd.RunAndStreamOrFatal()
-
-	// Post-processing steps start here. Once the Bazel build completes, the
-	// output files are still stored in the execution root, not in $OUT_DIR.
-	// Ensure that the $OUT_DIR contains the expected set of files by symlinking
-	// the files from the execution root's output direction into $OUT_DIR.
-
-	ctx.Println("Getting Bazel output_path...")
-	outputBasePath := getBazelInfo(ctx, config, bazelExecutable, bazelEnv, "output_path")
-	// TODO: Don't hardcode out/ as the bazel output directory. This is
-	// currently hardcoded as ninja_build.output_root.
-	bazelNinjaBuildOutputRoot := filepath.Join(outputBasePath, "..", "out")
-
-	ctx.Println("Populating output directory...")
-	populateOutdir(ctx, config, bazelNinjaBuildOutputRoot, ".")
-}
-
-// For all files F recursively under rootPath/relativePath, creates symlinks
-// such that OutDir/F resolves to rootPath/F via symlinks.
-// NOTE: For distdir paths we rename files instead of creating symlinks, so that the distdir is independent.
-func populateOutdir(ctx Context, config Config, rootPath string, relativePath string) {
-	destDir := filepath.Join(rootPath, relativePath)
-	os.MkdirAll(destDir, 0755)
-	files, err := ioutil.ReadDir(destDir)
-	if err != nil {
-		ctx.Fatal(err)
-	}
-
-	for _, f := range files {
-		// The original Bazel file path
-		destPath := filepath.Join(destDir, f.Name())
-
-		// The desired Soong file path
-		srcPath := filepath.Join(config.OutDir(), relativePath, f.Name())
-
-		destLstatResult, destLstatErr := os.Lstat(destPath)
-		if destLstatErr != nil {
-			ctx.Fatalf("Unable to Lstat dest %s: %s", destPath, destLstatErr)
-		}
-
-		srcLstatResult, srcLstatErr := os.Lstat(srcPath)
-
-		if srcLstatErr == nil {
-			if srcLstatResult.IsDir() && destLstatResult.IsDir() {
-				// src and dest are both existing dirs - recurse on the dest dir contents...
-				populateOutdir(ctx, config, rootPath, filepath.Join(relativePath, f.Name()))
-			} else {
-				// Ignore other pre-existing src files (could be pre-existing files, directories, symlinks, ...)
-				// This can arise for files which are generated under OutDir outside of soong_build, such as .bootstrap files.
-				// FIXME: This might cause a problem later e.g. if a symlink in the build graph changes...
-			}
-		} else {
-			if !os.IsNotExist(srcLstatErr) {
-				ctx.Fatalf("Unable to Lstat src %s: %s", srcPath, srcLstatErr)
-			}
-
-			if strings.Contains(destDir, config.DistDir()) {
-				// We need to make a "real" file/dir instead of making a symlink (because the distdir can't have symlinks)
-				// Rename instead of copy in order to save disk space.
-				if err := os.Rename(destPath, srcPath); err != nil {
-					ctx.Fatalf("Unable to rename %s -> %s due to error %s", srcPath, destPath, err)
-				}
-			} else {
-				// src does not exist, so try to create a src -> dest symlink (i.e. a Soong path -> Bazel path symlink)
-				if err := os.Symlink(destPath, srcPath); err != nil {
-					ctx.Fatalf("Unable to create symlink %s -> %s due to error %s", srcPath, destPath, err)
-				}
-			}
-		}
-	}
-}
diff --git a/ui/build/build.go b/ui/build/build.go
index b9bd898..d49a754 100644
--- a/ui/build/build.go
+++ b/ui/build/build.go
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@
 	}
 }
 
-// These are bitmasks which can be used to check whether various flags are set e.g. whether to use Bazel.
+// These are bitmasks which can be used to check whether various flags are set
 const (
 	_ = iota
 	// Whether to run the kati config step.
@@ -102,9 +102,7 @@
 	// Whether to include the kati-generated ninja file in the combined ninja.
 	RunKatiNinja = 1 << iota
 	// Whether to run ninja on the combined ninja.
-	RunNinja = 1 << iota
-	// Whether to run bazel on the combined ninja.
-	RunBazel      = 1 << iota
+	RunNinja      = 1 << iota
 	RunBuildTests = 1 << iota
 	RunAll        = RunProductConfig | RunSoong | RunKati | RunKatiNinja | RunNinja
 )
@@ -324,11 +322,6 @@
 
 		runNinjaForBuild(ctx, config)
 	}
-
-	// Currently, using Bazel requires Kati and Soong to run first, so check whether to run Bazel last.
-	if what&RunBazel != 0 {
-		runBazel(ctx, config)
-	}
 }
 
 func evaluateWhatToRun(config Config, verboseln func(v ...interface{})) int {
diff --git a/ui/build/config.go b/ui/build/config.go
index de10112..c98601e 100644
--- a/ui/build/config.go
+++ b/ui/build/config.go
@@ -82,6 +82,7 @@
 	skipSoong       bool
 	skipNinja       bool
 	skipSoongTests  bool
+	searchApiDir    bool // Scan the Android.bp files generated in out/api_surfaces
 
 	// From the product config
 	katiArgs        []string
@@ -738,6 +739,8 @@
 			c.bazelDevMode = true
 		} else if arg == "--bazel-mode-staging" {
 			c.bazelStagingMode = true
+		} else if arg == "--search-api-dir" {
+			c.searchApiDir = true
 		} else if len(arg) > 0 && arg[0] == '-' {
 			parseArgNum := func(def int) int {
 				if len(arg) > 2 {
@@ -896,10 +899,18 @@
 	return filepath.Join(c.OutDir(), "bazel")
 }
 
+func (c *configImpl) bazelOutputBase() string {
+	return filepath.Join(c.BazelOutDir(), "output")
+}
+
 func (c *configImpl) SoongOutDir() string {
 	return filepath.Join(c.OutDir(), "soong")
 }
 
+func (c *configImpl) ApiSurfacesOutDir() string {
+	return filepath.Join(c.OutDir(), "api_surfaces")
+}
+
 func (c *configImpl) PrebuiltOS() string {
 	switch runtime.GOOS {
 	case "linux":
diff --git a/ui/build/finder.go b/ui/build/finder.go
index 4d6ad42..3f628cf 100644
--- a/ui/build/finder.go
+++ b/ui/build/finder.go
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@
 	// Set up configuration parameters for the Finder cache.
 	cacheParams := finder.CacheParams{
 		WorkingDirectory: dir,
-		RootDirs:         []string{"."},
+		RootDirs:         androidBpSearchDirs(config),
 		FollowSymlinks:   config.environ.IsEnvTrue("ALLOW_BP_UNDER_SYMLINKS"),
 		ExcludeDirs:      []string{".git", ".repo"},
 		PruneFiles:       pruneFiles,
@@ -100,6 +100,15 @@
 	return f
 }
 
+func androidBpSearchDirs(config Config) []string {
+	dirs := []string{"."} // always search from root of source tree.
+	if config.searchApiDir {
+		// Search in out/api_surfaces
+		dirs = append(dirs, config.ApiSurfacesOutDir())
+	}
+	return dirs
+}
+
 // Finds the list of Bazel-related files (BUILD, WORKSPACE and Starlark) in the tree.
 func findBazelFiles(entries finder.DirEntries) (dirNames []string, fileNames []string) {
 	matches := []string{}
diff --git a/ui/build/sandbox_config.go b/ui/build/sandbox_config.go
index 1b46459..1d32d86 100644
--- a/ui/build/sandbox_config.go
+++ b/ui/build/sandbox_config.go
@@ -27,6 +27,15 @@
 	return sc.srcDirIsRO
 }
 
+// Return the mount flag of the source directory in the nsjail command
+func (sc *SandboxConfig) SrcDirMountFlag() string {
+	ret := "-B" // Read-write
+	if sc.SrcDirIsRO() {
+		ret = "-R" // Read-only
+	}
+	return ret
+}
+
 func (sc *SandboxConfig) SetSrcDirRWAllowlist(allowlist []string) {
 	sc.srcDirRWAllowlist = allowlist
 }
diff --git a/ui/build/sandbox_linux.go b/ui/build/sandbox_linux.go
index 5b2046e..edb3b66 100644
--- a/ui/build/sandbox_linux.go
+++ b/ui/build/sandbox_linux.go
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@
 			// srcDir is /tmp/.* in integration tests, which is a child dir of /tmp
 			// nsjail throws an error if a child dir is mounted before its parent
 			"-B", "/tmp",
-			"-B", sandboxConfig.srcDir,
+			c.config.sandboxConfig.SrcDirMountFlag(), sandboxConfig.srcDir,
 			"-B", sandboxConfig.outDir,
 		}
 
@@ -148,13 +148,6 @@
 func (c *Cmd) wrapSandbox() {
 	wd, _ := os.Getwd()
 
-	var srcDirMountFlag string
-	if c.config.sandboxConfig.SrcDirIsRO() {
-		srcDirMountFlag = "-R"
-	} else {
-		srcDirMountFlag = "-B" //Read-Write
-	}
-
 	sandboxArgs := []string{
 		// The executable to run
 		"-x", c.Path,
@@ -195,7 +188,7 @@
 		"-B", "/tmp",
 
 		// Mount source
-		srcDirMountFlag, sandboxConfig.srcDir,
+		c.config.sandboxConfig.SrcDirMountFlag(), sandboxConfig.srcDir,
 
 		//Mount out dir as read-write
 		"-B", sandboxConfig.outDir,
diff --git a/ui/build/soong.go b/ui/build/soong.go
index 4aded17..c0bee4e 100644
--- a/ui/build/soong.go
+++ b/ui/build/soong.go
@@ -302,7 +302,7 @@
 	)
 
 	bp2buildWorkspaceInvocation.Inputs = append(bp2buildWorkspaceInvocation.Inputs,
-		config.Bp2BuildFilesMarkerFile())
+		config.Bp2BuildFilesMarkerFile(), filepath.Join(config.FileListDir(), "bazel.list"))
 
 	jsonModuleGraphInvocation := primaryBuilderInvocation(
 		config,
@@ -418,7 +418,7 @@
 	// Bazel's HOME var is set to an output subdirectory which doesn't exist. This
 	// prevents Bazel from file I/O in the actual user HOME directory.
 	soongBuildEnv.Set("BAZEL_HOME", absPath(ctx, filepath.Join(config.BazelOutDir(), "bazelhome")))
-	soongBuildEnv.Set("BAZEL_OUTPUT_BASE", filepath.Join(config.BazelOutDir(), "output"))
+	soongBuildEnv.Set("BAZEL_OUTPUT_BASE", config.bazelOutputBase())
 	soongBuildEnv.Set("BAZEL_WORKSPACE", absPath(ctx, "."))
 	soongBuildEnv.Set("BAZEL_METRICS_DIR", config.BazelMetricsDir())
 	soongBuildEnv.Set("LOG_DIR", config.LogsDir())
diff --git a/ui/build/test_build.go b/ui/build/test_build.go
index 86c8568..2efc732 100644
--- a/ui/build/test_build.go
+++ b/ui/build/test_build.go
@@ -18,14 +18,44 @@
 	"bufio"
 	"fmt"
 	"path/filepath"
+	"regexp"
 	"runtime"
 	"sort"
 	"strings"
+	"sync"
 
 	"android/soong/ui/metrics"
 	"android/soong/ui/status"
 )
 
+var (
+	// bazel output paths are in __main__/bazel-out/<config-specific-path>/bin
+	bazelOutputPathRegexOnce sync.Once
+	bazelOutputPathRegexp    *regexp.Regexp
+)
+
+func bazelOutputPathPattern(config Config) *regexp.Regexp {
+	bazelOutputPathRegexOnce.Do(func() {
+		// Bazel output files are in <Bazel output base>/execroot/__main__/bazel-out/<config>/bin
+		bazelOutRoot := filepath.Join(regexp.QuoteMeta(config.bazelOutputBase()), "execroot", "__main__", "bazel-out")
+		bazelOutputPathRegexp = regexp.MustCompile(bazelOutRoot + "/[^/]+/bin")
+	})
+	return bazelOutputPathRegexp
+}
+
+func ignoreBazelPath(config Config, path string) bool {
+	bazelRoot := filepath.Join(config.bazelOutputBase(), "execroot")
+	// Don't check bazel output regexp unless it is Bazel path
+	if strings.HasPrefix(path, bazelRoot) {
+		bazelOutputRegexp := bazelOutputPathPattern(config)
+		// if the file is a bazel path that is _not_ a Bazel generated file output, we rely on Bazel to
+		// ensure the paths to exist. If it _is_ a Bazel output path, we expect that it should be built
+		// by Ninja.
+		return !bazelOutputRegexp.MatchString(path)
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
 // Checks for files in the out directory that have a rule that depends on them but no rule to
 // create them. This catches a common set of build failures where a rule to generate a file is
 // deleted (either by deleting a module in an Android.mk file, or by modifying the build system
@@ -97,6 +127,10 @@
 			// full build rules in the primary build.ninja file.
 			continue
 		}
+
+		if ignoreBazelPath(config, line) {
+			continue
+		}
 		danglingRules[line] = true
 	}