Merge "soong: upgrade Android platform to clang-r370808"
diff --git a/Android.bp b/Android.bp
index 7259255..6910d75 100644
--- a/Android.bp
+++ b/Android.bp
@@ -51,6 +51,7 @@
         "android/expand.go",
         "android/filegroup.go",
         "android/hooks.go",
+        "android/image.go",
         "android/makevars.go",
         "android/module.go",
         "android/mutator.go",
@@ -502,6 +503,7 @@
         "soong-java",
     ],
     srcs: [
+        "sdk/bp.go",
         "sdk/sdk.go",
         "sdk/update.go",
     ],
diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index 73aa1ed..37feb1d 100644
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -36,13 +36,28 @@
 For a list of valid module types and their properties see
 [$OUT_DIR/soong/docs/soong_build.html](https://ci.android.com/builds/latest/branches/aosp-build-tools/targets/linux/view/soong_build.html).
 
-### Globs
+### File lists
 
-Properties that take a list of files can also take glob patterns.  Glob
-patterns can contain the normal Unix wildcard `*`, for example "*.java". Glob
-patterns can also contain a single `**` wildcard as a path element, which will
-match zero or more path elements.  For example, `java/**/*.java` will match
-`java/Main.java` and `java/com/android/Main.java`.
+Properties that take a list of files can also take glob patterns and output path
+expansions.
+
+* Glob patterns can contain the normal Unix wildcard `*`, for example `"*.java"`.
+
+  Glob patterns can also contain a single `**` wildcard as a path element, which
+  will match zero or more path elements. For example, `java/**/*.java` will match
+  `java/Main.java` and `java/com/android/Main.java`.
+
+* Output path expansions take the format `:module` or `:module{.tag}`, where
+  `module` is the name of a module that produces output files, and it expands to
+  a list of those output files. With the optional `{.tag}` suffix, the module
+  may produce a different list of outputs according to `tag`.
+
+  For example, a `droiddoc` module with the name "my-docs" would return its
+  `.stubs.srcjar` output with `":my-docs"`, and its `.doc.zip` file with
+  `":my-docs{.doc.zip}"`.
+
+  This is commonly used to reference `filegroup` modules, whose output files
+  consist of their `srcs`.
 
 ### Variables
 
@@ -64,6 +79,7 @@
 referenced.
 
 ### Comments
+
 Android.bp files can contain C-style multiline `/* */` and C++ style single-line
 `//` comments.
 
diff --git a/android/androidmk_test.go b/android/androidmk_test.go
index 0bb455b..940e324 100644
--- a/android/androidmk_test.go
+++ b/android/androidmk_test.go
@@ -47,8 +47,8 @@
 	config.inMake = true // Enable androidmk Singleton
 
 	ctx := NewTestContext()
-	ctx.RegisterSingletonType("androidmk", SingletonFactoryAdaptor(AndroidMkSingleton))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("custom", ModuleFactoryAdaptor(customModuleFactory))
+	ctx.RegisterSingletonType("androidmk", AndroidMkSingleton)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("custom", customModuleFactory)
 	ctx.Register()
 
 	bp := `
diff --git a/android/apex.go b/android/apex.go
index 5118a0a..44387cd 100644
--- a/android/apex.go
+++ b/android/apex.go
@@ -17,8 +17,6 @@
 import (
 	"sort"
 	"sync"
-
-	"github.com/google/blueprint"
 )
 
 // ApexModule is the interface that a module type is expected to implement if
@@ -69,7 +67,7 @@
 
 	// Mutate this module into one or more variants each of which is built
 	// for an APEX marked via BuildForApex().
-	CreateApexVariations(mctx BottomUpMutatorContext) []blueprint.Module
+	CreateApexVariations(mctx BottomUpMutatorContext) []Module
 
 	// Sets the name of the apex variant of this module. Called inside
 	// CreateApexVariations.
@@ -176,7 +174,7 @@
 	}
 }
 
-func (m *ApexModuleBase) CreateApexVariations(mctx BottomUpMutatorContext) []blueprint.Module {
+func (m *ApexModuleBase) CreateApexVariations(mctx BottomUpMutatorContext) []Module {
 	if len(m.apexVariations) > 0 {
 		m.checkApexAvailableProperty(mctx)
 		sort.Strings(m.apexVariations)
diff --git a/android/arch_test.go b/android/arch_test.go
index 52a6684..b41e1ab 100644
--- a/android/arch_test.go
+++ b/android/arch_test.go
@@ -338,7 +338,7 @@
 	for _, tt := range testCases {
 		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
 			ctx := NewTestArchContext()
-			ctx.RegisterModuleType("module", ModuleFactoryAdaptor(archTestModuleFactory))
+			ctx.RegisterModuleType("module", archTestModuleFactory)
 			ctx.MockFileSystem(mockFS)
 			ctx.Register()
 			config := TestArchConfig(buildDir, nil)
diff --git a/android/csuite_config_test.go b/android/csuite_config_test.go
index e534bb7..5f86bbb 100644
--- a/android/csuite_config_test.go
+++ b/android/csuite_config_test.go
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@
 	config := TestArchConfig(buildDir, nil)
 
 	ctx := NewTestArchContext()
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("csuite_config", ModuleFactoryAdaptor(CSuiteConfigFactory))
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("csuite_config", CSuiteConfigFactory)
 	ctx.Register()
 	mockFiles := map[string][]byte{
 		"Android.bp": []byte(bpFileContents),
diff --git a/android/defaults_test.go b/android/defaults_test.go
index fa26595..80980f7 100644
--- a/android/defaults_test.go
+++ b/android/defaults_test.go
@@ -64,8 +64,8 @@
 	ctx := NewTestContext()
 	ctx.SetAllowMissingDependencies(true)
 
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("test", ModuleFactoryAdaptor(defaultsTestModuleFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("defaults", ModuleFactoryAdaptor(defaultsTestDefaultsFactory))
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("test", defaultsTestModuleFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("defaults", defaultsTestDefaultsFactory)
 
 	ctx.PreArchMutators(RegisterDefaultsPreArchMutators)
 
diff --git a/android/image.go b/android/image.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5ec1b16
--- /dev/null
+++ b/android/image.go
@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+// Copyright 2019 Google Inc. All rights reserved.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package android
+
+// ImageInterface is implemented by modules that need to be split by the ImageMutator.
+type ImageInterface interface {
+	// ImageMutatorBegin is called before any other method in the ImageInterface.
+	ImageMutatorBegin(ctx BaseModuleContext)
+
+	// CoreVariantNeeded should return true if the module needs a core variant (installed on the system image).
+	CoreVariantNeeded(ctx BaseModuleContext) bool
+
+	// RecoveryVariantNeeded should return true if the module needs a recovery variant (installed on the
+	// recovery partition).
+	RecoveryVariantNeeded(ctx BaseModuleContext) bool
+
+	// ExtraImageVariations should return a list of the additional variations needed for the module.  After the
+	// variants are created the SetImageVariation method will be called on each newly created variant with the
+	// its variation.
+	ExtraImageVariations(ctx BaseModuleContext) []string
+
+	// SetImageVariation will be passed a newly created recovery variant of the module.  ModuleBase implements
+	// SetImageVariation, most module types will not need to override it, and those that do must call the
+	// overridden method.  Implementors of SetImageVariation must be careful to modify the module argument
+	// and not the receiver.
+	SetImageVariation(ctx BaseModuleContext, variation string, module Module)
+}
+
+const (
+	// CoreVariation is the variant used for framework-private libraries, or
+	// SDK libraries. (which framework-private libraries can use), which
+	// will be installed to the system image.
+	CoreVariation string = "core"
+
+	// RecoveryVariation means a module to be installed to recovery image.
+	RecoveryVariation string = "recovery"
+)
+
+// ImageMutator creates variants for modules that implement the ImageInterface that
+// allow them to build differently for each partition (recovery, core, vendor, etc.).
+func ImageMutator(ctx BottomUpMutatorContext) {
+	if ctx.Os() != Android {
+		return
+	}
+
+	if m, ok := ctx.Module().(ImageInterface); ok {
+		m.ImageMutatorBegin(ctx)
+
+		var variations []string
+
+		if m.CoreVariantNeeded(ctx) {
+			variations = append(variations, CoreVariation)
+		}
+		if m.RecoveryVariantNeeded(ctx) {
+			variations = append(variations, RecoveryVariation)
+		}
+
+		extraVariations := m.ExtraImageVariations(ctx)
+		variations = append(variations, extraVariations...)
+
+		if len(variations) == 0 {
+			return
+		}
+
+		mod := ctx.CreateVariations(variations...)
+		for i, v := range variations {
+			mod[i].base().setImageVariation(v)
+			m.SetImageVariation(ctx, v, mod[i])
+		}
+	}
+}
diff --git a/android/module.go b/android/module.go
index 891babc..b4f8f1a 100644
--- a/android/module.go
+++ b/android/module.go
@@ -431,6 +431,9 @@
 	DebugName       string   `blueprint:"mutated"`
 	DebugMutators   []string `blueprint:"mutated"`
 	DebugVariations []string `blueprint:"mutated"`
+
+	// set by ImageMutator
+	ImageVariation string `blueprint:"mutated"`
 }
 
 type hostAndDeviceProperties struct {
@@ -775,6 +778,13 @@
 				*m.hostAndDeviceProperties.Device_supported)
 }
 
+func (m *ModuleBase) HostSupported() bool {
+	return m.commonProperties.HostOrDeviceSupported == HostSupported ||
+		m.commonProperties.HostOrDeviceSupported == HostAndDeviceSupported &&
+			(m.hostAndDeviceProperties.Host_supported != nil &&
+				*m.hostAndDeviceProperties.Host_supported)
+}
+
 func (m *ModuleBase) Platform() bool {
 	return !m.DeviceSpecific() && !m.SocSpecific() && !m.ProductSpecific() && !m.SystemExtSpecific()
 }
@@ -865,6 +875,21 @@
 	return m.noticeFile
 }
 
+func (m *ModuleBase) setImageVariation(variant string) {
+	m.commonProperties.ImageVariation = variant
+}
+
+func (m *ModuleBase) ImageVariation() blueprint.Variation {
+	return blueprint.Variation{
+		Mutator:   "image",
+		Variation: m.base().commonProperties.ImageVariation,
+	}
+}
+
+func (m *ModuleBase) InRecovery() bool {
+	return m.base().commonProperties.ImageVariation == RecoveryVariation
+}
+
 func (m *ModuleBase) generateModuleTarget(ctx ModuleContext) {
 	allInstalledFiles := Paths{}
 	allCheckbuildFiles := Paths{}
@@ -1515,9 +1540,11 @@
 }
 
 func (m *ModuleBase) MakeAsSystemExt() {
-	if !Bool(m.commonProperties.Vendor) && !Bool(m.commonProperties.Product_specific) {
-		m.commonProperties.System_ext_specific = boolPtr(true)
-	}
+	m.commonProperties.Vendor = boolPtr(false)
+	m.commonProperties.Proprietary = boolPtr(false)
+	m.commonProperties.Soc_specific = boolPtr(false)
+	m.commonProperties.Product_specific = boolPtr(false)
+	m.commonProperties.System_ext_specific = boolPtr(true)
 }
 
 // IsNativeBridgeSupported returns true if "native_bridge_supported" is explicitly set as "true"
diff --git a/android/module_test.go b/android/module_test.go
index 6dca29f..fef1766 100644
--- a/android/module_test.go
+++ b/android/module_test.go
@@ -165,7 +165,7 @@
 
 func TestErrorDependsOnDisabledModule(t *testing.T) {
 	ctx := NewTestContext()
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("deps", ModuleFactoryAdaptor(depsModuleFactory))
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("deps", depsModuleFactory)
 
 	bp := `
 		deps {
diff --git a/android/mutator.go b/android/mutator.go
index df68726..0d253eb 100644
--- a/android/mutator.go
+++ b/android/mutator.go
@@ -143,8 +143,8 @@
 
 	AddDependency(module blueprint.Module, tag blueprint.DependencyTag, name ...string)
 	AddReverseDependency(module blueprint.Module, tag blueprint.DependencyTag, name string)
-	CreateVariations(...string) []blueprint.Module
-	CreateLocalVariations(...string) []blueprint.Module
+	CreateVariations(...string) []Module
+	CreateLocalVariations(...string) []Module
 	SetDependencyVariation(string)
 	SetDefaultDependencyVariation(*string)
 	AddVariationDependencies([]blueprint.Variation, blueprint.DependencyTag, ...string)
@@ -285,28 +285,32 @@
 	b.bp.AddReverseDependency(module, tag, name)
 }
 
-func (b *bottomUpMutatorContext) CreateVariations(variations ...string) []blueprint.Module {
+func (b *bottomUpMutatorContext) CreateVariations(variations ...string) []Module {
 	modules := b.bp.CreateVariations(variations...)
 
+	aModules := make([]Module, len(modules))
 	for i := range variations {
-		base := modules[i].(Module).base()
+		aModules[i] = modules[i].(Module)
+		base := aModules[i].base()
 		base.commonProperties.DebugMutators = append(base.commonProperties.DebugMutators, b.MutatorName())
 		base.commonProperties.DebugVariations = append(base.commonProperties.DebugVariations, variations[i])
 	}
 
-	return modules
+	return aModules
 }
 
-func (b *bottomUpMutatorContext) CreateLocalVariations(variations ...string) []blueprint.Module {
+func (b *bottomUpMutatorContext) CreateLocalVariations(variations ...string) []Module {
 	modules := b.bp.CreateLocalVariations(variations...)
 
+	aModules := make([]Module, len(modules))
 	for i := range variations {
-		base := modules[i].(Module).base()
+		aModules[i] = modules[i].(Module)
+		base := aModules[i].base()
 		base.commonProperties.DebugMutators = append(base.commonProperties.DebugMutators, b.MutatorName())
 		base.commonProperties.DebugVariations = append(base.commonProperties.DebugVariations, variations[i])
 	}
 
-	return modules
+	return aModules
 }
 
 func (b *bottomUpMutatorContext) SetDependencyVariation(variation string) {
diff --git a/android/mutator_test.go b/android/mutator_test.go
index 0b23434..2350fdb 100644
--- a/android/mutator_test.go
+++ b/android/mutator_test.go
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@
 	ctx := NewTestContext()
 	ctx.SetAllowMissingDependencies(true)
 
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("test", ModuleFactoryAdaptor(mutatorTestModuleFactory))
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("test", mutatorTestModuleFactory)
 	ctx.PreDepsMutators(func(ctx RegisterMutatorsContext) {
 		ctx.TopDown("add_missing_dependencies", addMissingDependenciesMutator)
 	})
@@ -131,7 +131,7 @@
 		})
 	})
 
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("test", ModuleFactoryAdaptor(mutatorTestModuleFactory))
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("test", mutatorTestModuleFactory)
 
 	bp := `
 		test {
diff --git a/android/namespace_test.go b/android/namespace_test.go
index 20241fe..90058e3 100644
--- a/android/namespace_test.go
+++ b/android/namespace_test.go
@@ -637,9 +637,9 @@
 
 	ctx = NewTestContext()
 	ctx.MockFileSystem(bps)
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("test_module", ModuleFactoryAdaptor(newTestModule))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("soong_namespace", ModuleFactoryAdaptor(NamespaceFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("blueprint_test_module", newBlueprintTestModule)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("test_module", newTestModule)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("soong_namespace", NamespaceFactory)
+	ctx.Context.RegisterModuleType("blueprint_test_module", newBlueprintTestModule)
 	ctx.PreArchMutators(RegisterNamespaceMutator)
 	ctx.PreDepsMutators(func(ctx RegisterMutatorsContext) {
 		ctx.BottomUp("rename", renameMutator)
diff --git a/android/neverallow_test.go b/android/neverallow_test.go
index b75b5b7..bd94e37 100644
--- a/android/neverallow_test.go
+++ b/android/neverallow_test.go
@@ -269,10 +269,10 @@
 
 func testNeverallow(config Config, fs map[string][]byte) (*TestContext, []error) {
 	ctx := NewTestContext()
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("cc_library", ModuleFactoryAdaptor(newMockCcLibraryModule))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("java_library", ModuleFactoryAdaptor(newMockJavaLibraryModule))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("java_library_host", ModuleFactoryAdaptor(newMockJavaLibraryModule))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("java_device_for_host", ModuleFactoryAdaptor(newMockJavaLibraryModule))
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("cc_library", newMockCcLibraryModule)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("java_library", newMockJavaLibraryModule)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("java_library_host", newMockJavaLibraryModule)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("java_device_for_host", newMockJavaLibraryModule)
 	ctx.PostDepsMutators(registerNeverallowMutator)
 	ctx.Register()
 
diff --git a/android/package_test.go b/android/package_test.go
index e5b0556..ae286d6 100644
--- a/android/package_test.go
+++ b/android/package_test.go
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@
 	config := TestArchConfig(buildDir, nil)
 
 	ctx := NewTestArchContext()
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("package", ModuleFactoryAdaptor(PackageFactory))
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("package", PackageFactory)
 	ctx.PreArchMutators(registerPackageRenamer)
 	ctx.Register()
 
diff --git a/android/path_properties_test.go b/android/path_properties_test.go
index 59bfa6c..c859bc5 100644
--- a/android/path_properties_test.go
+++ b/android/path_properties_test.go
@@ -100,8 +100,8 @@
 			config := TestArchConfig(buildDir, nil)
 			ctx := NewTestArchContext()
 
-			ctx.RegisterModuleType("test", ModuleFactoryAdaptor(pathDepsMutatorTestModuleFactory))
-			ctx.RegisterModuleType("filegroup", ModuleFactoryAdaptor(FileGroupFactory))
+			ctx.RegisterModuleType("test", pathDepsMutatorTestModuleFactory)
+			ctx.RegisterModuleType("filegroup", FileGroupFactory)
 
 			bp := test.bp + `
 				filegroup {
diff --git a/android/paths.go b/android/paths.go
index 8dbb086..1a37a34 100644
--- a/android/paths.go
+++ b/android/paths.go
@@ -247,6 +247,33 @@
 	return ret
 }
 
+// OutputPaths is a slice of OutputPath objects, with helpers to operate on the collection.
+type OutputPaths []OutputPath
+
+// Paths returns the OutputPaths as a Paths
+func (p OutputPaths) Paths() Paths {
+	if p == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	ret := make(Paths, len(p))
+	for i, path := range p {
+		ret[i] = path
+	}
+	return ret
+}
+
+// Strings returns the string forms of the writable paths.
+func (p OutputPaths) Strings() []string {
+	if p == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	ret := make([]string, len(p))
+	for i, path := range p {
+		ret[i] = path.String()
+	}
+	return ret
+}
+
 // PathsAndMissingDepsForModuleSrcExcludes returns Paths rooted from the module's local source directory, excluding
 // paths listed in the excludes arguments, and a list of missing dependencies.  It expands globs, references to
 // SourceFileProducer modules using the ":name" syntax, and references to OutputFileProducer modules using the
diff --git a/android/paths_test.go b/android/paths_test.go
index 2e67272..1d8afa9 100644
--- a/android/paths_test.go
+++ b/android/paths_test.go
@@ -865,9 +865,9 @@
 			config := TestConfig(buildDir, nil)
 			ctx := NewTestContext()
 
-			ctx.RegisterModuleType("test", ModuleFactoryAdaptor(pathForModuleSrcTestModuleFactory))
-			ctx.RegisterModuleType("output_file_provider", ModuleFactoryAdaptor(pathForModuleSrcOutputFileProviderModuleFactory))
-			ctx.RegisterModuleType("filegroup", ModuleFactoryAdaptor(FileGroupFactory))
+			ctx.RegisterModuleType("test", pathForModuleSrcTestModuleFactory)
+			ctx.RegisterModuleType("output_file_provider", pathForModuleSrcOutputFileProviderModuleFactory)
+			ctx.RegisterModuleType("filegroup", FileGroupFactory)
 
 			fgBp := `
 				filegroup {
@@ -1079,7 +1079,7 @@
 	ctx := NewTestContext()
 	ctx.SetAllowMissingDependencies(true)
 
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("test", ModuleFactoryAdaptor(pathForModuleSrcTestModuleFactory))
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("test", pathForModuleSrcTestModuleFactory)
 
 	bp := `
 		test {
diff --git a/android/prebuilt_etc.go b/android/prebuilt_etc.go
index 6c80370..2701185 100644
--- a/android/prebuilt_etc.go
+++ b/android/prebuilt_etc.go
@@ -25,10 +25,6 @@
 	RegisterModuleType("prebuilt_usr_share_host", PrebuiltUserShareHostFactory)
 	RegisterModuleType("prebuilt_font", PrebuiltFontFactory)
 	RegisterModuleType("prebuilt_firmware", PrebuiltFirmwareFactory)
-
-	PreDepsMutators(func(ctx RegisterMutatorsContext) {
-		ctx.BottomUp("prebuilt_etc", prebuiltEtcMutator).Parallel()
-	})
 }
 
 type prebuiltEtcProperties struct {
@@ -48,8 +44,6 @@
 	// Make this module available when building for recovery.
 	Recovery_available *bool
 
-	InRecovery bool `blueprint:"mutated"`
-
 	// Whether this module is directly installable to one of the partitions. Default: true.
 	Installable *bool
 }
@@ -76,7 +70,7 @@
 }
 
 func (p *PrebuiltEtc) inRecovery() bool {
-	return p.properties.InRecovery || p.ModuleBase.InstallInRecovery()
+	return p.ModuleBase.InRecovery() || p.ModuleBase.InstallInRecovery()
 }
 
 func (p *PrebuiltEtc) onlyInRecovery() bool {
@@ -87,6 +81,25 @@
 	return p.inRecovery()
 }
 
+var _ ImageInterface = (*PrebuiltEtc)(nil)
+
+func (p *PrebuiltEtc) ImageMutatorBegin(ctx BaseModuleContext) {}
+
+func (p *PrebuiltEtc) CoreVariantNeeded(ctx BaseModuleContext) bool {
+	return !p.ModuleBase.InstallInRecovery()
+}
+
+func (p *PrebuiltEtc) RecoveryVariantNeeded(ctx BaseModuleContext) bool {
+	return Bool(p.properties.Recovery_available) || p.ModuleBase.InstallInRecovery()
+}
+
+func (p *PrebuiltEtc) ExtraImageVariations(ctx BaseModuleContext) []string {
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (p *PrebuiltEtc) SetImageVariation(ctx BaseModuleContext, variation string, module Module) {
+}
+
 func (p *PrebuiltEtc) DepsMutator(ctx BottomUpMutatorContext) {
 	if p.properties.Src == nil {
 		ctx.PropertyErrorf("src", "missing prebuilt source file")
@@ -222,49 +235,6 @@
 	return module
 }
 
-const (
-	// coreMode is the variant for modules to be installed to system.
-	coreMode = "core"
-
-	// recoveryMode means a module to be installed to recovery image.
-	recoveryMode = "recovery"
-)
-
-// prebuiltEtcMutator creates the needed variants to install the module to
-// system or recovery.
-func prebuiltEtcMutator(mctx BottomUpMutatorContext) {
-	m, ok := mctx.Module().(*PrebuiltEtc)
-	if !ok || m.Host() {
-		return
-	}
-
-	var coreVariantNeeded bool = true
-	var recoveryVariantNeeded bool = false
-	if Bool(m.properties.Recovery_available) {
-		recoveryVariantNeeded = true
-	}
-
-	if m.ModuleBase.InstallInRecovery() {
-		recoveryVariantNeeded = true
-		coreVariantNeeded = false
-	}
-
-	var variants []string
-	if coreVariantNeeded {
-		variants = append(variants, coreMode)
-	}
-	if recoveryVariantNeeded {
-		variants = append(variants, recoveryMode)
-	}
-	mod := mctx.CreateVariations(variants...)
-	for i, v := range variants {
-		if v == recoveryMode {
-			m := mod[i].(*PrebuiltEtc)
-			m.properties.InRecovery = true
-		}
-	}
-}
-
 // prebuilt_font installs a font in <partition>/fonts directory.
 func PrebuiltFontFactory() Module {
 	module := &PrebuiltEtc{}
diff --git a/android/prebuilt_etc_test.go b/android/prebuilt_etc_test.go
index f675ea3..3855dac 100644
--- a/android/prebuilt_etc_test.go
+++ b/android/prebuilt_etc_test.go
@@ -23,14 +23,14 @@
 func testPrebuiltEtc(t *testing.T, bp string) (*TestContext, Config) {
 	config := TestArchConfig(buildDir, nil)
 	ctx := NewTestArchContext()
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("prebuilt_etc", ModuleFactoryAdaptor(PrebuiltEtcFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("prebuilt_etc_host", ModuleFactoryAdaptor(PrebuiltEtcHostFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("prebuilt_usr_share", ModuleFactoryAdaptor(PrebuiltUserShareFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("prebuilt_usr_share_host", ModuleFactoryAdaptor(PrebuiltUserShareHostFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("prebuilt_font", ModuleFactoryAdaptor(PrebuiltFontFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("prebuilt_firmware", ModuleFactoryAdaptor(PrebuiltFirmwareFactory))
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("prebuilt_etc", PrebuiltEtcFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("prebuilt_etc_host", PrebuiltEtcHostFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("prebuilt_usr_share", PrebuiltUserShareFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("prebuilt_usr_share_host", PrebuiltUserShareHostFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("prebuilt_font", PrebuiltFontFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("prebuilt_firmware", PrebuiltFirmwareFactory)
 	ctx.PreDepsMutators(func(ctx RegisterMutatorsContext) {
-		ctx.BottomUp("prebuilt_etc", prebuiltEtcMutator).Parallel()
+		ctx.BottomUp("prebuilt_etc", ImageMutator).Parallel()
 	})
 	ctx.Register()
 	mockFiles := map[string][]byte{
diff --git a/android/prebuilt_test.go b/android/prebuilt_test.go
index 0a18e2c..81fb278 100644
--- a/android/prebuilt_test.go
+++ b/android/prebuilt_test.go
@@ -132,9 +132,9 @@
 			ctx := NewTestContext()
 			ctx.PreArchMutators(RegisterPrebuiltsPreArchMutators)
 			ctx.PostDepsMutators(RegisterPrebuiltsPostDepsMutators)
-			ctx.RegisterModuleType("filegroup", ModuleFactoryAdaptor(FileGroupFactory))
-			ctx.RegisterModuleType("prebuilt", ModuleFactoryAdaptor(newPrebuiltModule))
-			ctx.RegisterModuleType("source", ModuleFactoryAdaptor(newSourceModule))
+			ctx.RegisterModuleType("filegroup", FileGroupFactory)
+			ctx.RegisterModuleType("prebuilt", newPrebuiltModule)
+			ctx.RegisterModuleType("source", newSourceModule)
 			ctx.Register()
 			ctx.MockFileSystem(map[string][]byte{
 				"prebuilt_file": nil,
diff --git a/android/rule_builder_test.go b/android/rule_builder_test.go
index b484811..52c32df 100644
--- a/android/rule_builder_test.go
+++ b/android/rule_builder_test.go
@@ -465,8 +465,8 @@
 		"bar":        nil,
 		"cp":         nil,
 	})
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("rule_builder_test", ModuleFactoryAdaptor(testRuleBuilderFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterSingletonType("rule_builder_test", SingletonFactoryAdaptor(testRuleBuilderSingletonFactory))
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("rule_builder_test", testRuleBuilderFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterSingletonType("rule_builder_test", testRuleBuilderSingletonFactory)
 	ctx.Register()
 
 	_, errs := ctx.ParseFileList(".", []string{"Android.bp"})
diff --git a/android/sdk.go b/android/sdk.go
index 73cb256..01e18ed 100644
--- a/android/sdk.go
+++ b/android/sdk.go
@@ -167,16 +167,39 @@
 	// Unzip the supplied zip into the snapshot relative directory destDir.
 	UnzipToSnapshot(zipPath Path, destDir string)
 
-	// Get the AndroidBpFile for the snapshot.
-	AndroidBpFile() GeneratedSnapshotFile
-
-	// Get a versioned name appropriate for the SDK snapshot version being taken.
-	VersionedSdkMemberName(unversionedName string) interface{}
+	// Add a new prebuilt module to the snapshot. The returned module
+	// must be populated with the module type specific properties. The following
+	// properties will be automatically populated.
+	//
+	// * name
+	// * sdk_member_name
+	// * prefer
+	//
+	// This will result in two Soong modules being generated in the Android. One
+	// that is versioned, coupled to the snapshot version and marked as
+	// prefer=true. And one that is not versioned, not marked as prefer=true and
+	// will only be used if the equivalently named non-prebuilt module is not
+	// present.
+	AddPrebuiltModule(name string, moduleType string) BpModule
 }
 
-// Provides support for generating a file, e.g. the Android.bp file.
-type GeneratedSnapshotFile interface {
-	Printfln(format string, args ...interface{})
-	Indent()
-	Dedent()
+// A set of properties for use in a .bp file.
+type BpPropertySet interface {
+	// Add a property, the value can be one of the following types:
+	// * string
+	// * array of the above
+	// * bool
+	// * BpPropertySet
+	//
+	// It is an error is multiples properties with the same name are added.
+	AddProperty(name string, value interface{})
+
+	// Add a property set with the specified name and return so that additional
+	// properties can be added.
+	AddPropertySet(name string) BpPropertySet
+}
+
+// A .bp module definition.
+type BpModule interface {
+	BpPropertySet
 }
diff --git a/android/sh_binary_test.go b/android/sh_binary_test.go
index 9df769c..a138754 100644
--- a/android/sh_binary_test.go
+++ b/android/sh_binary_test.go
@@ -9,8 +9,8 @@
 	config := TestArchConfig(buildDir, nil)
 
 	ctx := NewTestArchContext()
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("sh_test", ModuleFactoryAdaptor(ShTestFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("sh_test_host", ModuleFactoryAdaptor(ShTestHostFactory))
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("sh_test", ShTestFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("sh_test_host", ShTestHostFactory)
 	ctx.Register()
 	mockFiles := map[string][]byte{
 		"Android.bp":         []byte(bp),
diff --git a/android/testing.go b/android/testing.go
index 447ffd6..4b55920 100644
--- a/android/testing.go
+++ b/android/testing.go
@@ -71,7 +71,15 @@
 func (ctx *TestContext) Register() {
 	registerMutators(ctx.Context.Context, ctx.preArch, ctx.preDeps, ctx.postDeps)
 
-	ctx.RegisterSingletonType("env", SingletonFactoryAdaptor(EnvSingleton))
+	ctx.RegisterSingletonType("env", EnvSingleton)
+}
+
+func (ctx *TestContext) RegisterModuleType(name string, factory ModuleFactory) {
+	ctx.Context.RegisterModuleType(name, ModuleFactoryAdaptor(factory))
+}
+
+func (ctx *TestContext) RegisterSingletonType(name string, factory SingletonFactory) {
+	ctx.Context.RegisterSingletonType(name, SingletonFactoryAdaptor(factory))
 }
 
 func (ctx *TestContext) ModuleForTests(name, variant string) TestingModule {
diff --git a/android/variable_test.go b/android/variable_test.go
index c1910fe..1826e39 100644
--- a/android/variable_test.go
+++ b/android/variable_test.go
@@ -159,17 +159,17 @@
 func TestProductVariables(t *testing.T) {
 	ctx := NewTestContext()
 	// A module type that has a srcs property but not a cflags property.
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("module1", ModuleFactoryAdaptor(testProductVariableModuleFactoryFactory(struct {
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("module1", testProductVariableModuleFactoryFactory(struct {
 		Srcs []string
-	}{})))
+	}{}))
 	// A module type that has a cflags property but not a srcs property.
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("module2", ModuleFactoryAdaptor(testProductVariableModuleFactoryFactory(struct {
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("module2", testProductVariableModuleFactoryFactory(struct {
 		Cflags []string
-	}{})))
+	}{}))
 	// A module type that does not have any properties that match product_variables.
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("module3", ModuleFactoryAdaptor(testProductVariableModuleFactoryFactory(struct {
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("module3", testProductVariableModuleFactoryFactory(struct {
 		Foo []string
-	}{})))
+	}{}))
 	ctx.PreDepsMutators(func(ctx RegisterMutatorsContext) {
 		ctx.BottomUp("variable", variableMutator).Parallel()
 	})
diff --git a/android/visibility_test.go b/android/visibility_test.go
index d13fadf..fd9e98c 100644
--- a/android/visibility_test.go
+++ b/android/visibility_test.go
@@ -871,9 +871,9 @@
 	config := TestArchConfig(buildDir, nil)
 
 	ctx := NewTestArchContext()
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("package", ModuleFactoryAdaptor(PackageFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("mock_library", ModuleFactoryAdaptor(newMockLibraryModule))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("mock_defaults", ModuleFactoryAdaptor(defaultsFactory))
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("package", PackageFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("mock_library", newMockLibraryModule)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("mock_defaults", defaultsFactory)
 	ctx.PreArchMutators(registerPackageRenamer)
 	ctx.PreArchMutators(registerVisibilityRuleChecker)
 	ctx.PreArchMutators(RegisterDefaultsPreArchMutators)
diff --git a/android/vts_config_test.go b/android/vts_config_test.go
index 142b2f5..162944d 100644
--- a/android/vts_config_test.go
+++ b/android/vts_config_test.go
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@
 	config := TestArchConfig(buildDir, nil)
 
 	ctx := NewTestArchContext()
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("vts_config", ModuleFactoryAdaptor(VtsConfigFactory))
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("vts_config", VtsConfigFactory)
 	ctx.Register()
 	mockFiles := map[string][]byte{
 		"Android.bp": []byte(bpFileContents),
diff --git a/apex/androidmk.go b/apex/androidmk.go
index dd5da97..35622f0 100644
--- a/apex/androidmk.go
+++ b/apex/androidmk.go
@@ -168,7 +168,6 @@
 					fmt.Fprintln(w, "LOCAL_REQUIRED_MODULES :=", strings.Join(moduleNames, " "))
 				}
 				fmt.Fprintln(w, "include $(BUILD_PHONY_PACKAGE)")
-				fmt.Fprintln(w, "$(LOCAL_INSTALLED_MODULE): .KATI_IMPLICIT_OUTPUTS :=", a.outputFile.String())
 
 			} else {
 				fmt.Fprintln(w, "\ninclude $(CLEAR_VARS)")
diff --git a/apex/apex.go b/apex/apex.go
index d7f6d53..289175b 100644
--- a/apex/apex.go
+++ b/apex/apex.go
@@ -178,7 +178,7 @@
 				modules[i].(*apexBundle).properties.ApexType = zipApex
 			case flattenedApexType:
 				modules[i].(*apexBundle).properties.ApexType = flattenedApex
-				if !mctx.Config().FlattenApex() {
+				if !mctx.Config().FlattenApex() && ab.Platform() {
 					modules[i].(*apexBundle).MakeAsSystemExt()
 				}
 			}
@@ -370,20 +370,6 @@
 	Apps []string
 }
 
-type apexFileClass int
-
-const (
-	etc apexFileClass = iota
-	nativeSharedLib
-	nativeExecutable
-	shBinary
-	pyBinary
-	goBinary
-	javaSharedLib
-	nativeTest
-	app
-)
-
 type apexPackaging int
 
 const (
@@ -415,6 +401,20 @@
 	}
 }
 
+type apexFileClass int
+
+const (
+	etc apexFileClass = iota
+	nativeSharedLib
+	nativeExecutable
+	shBinary
+	pyBinary
+	goBinary
+	javaSharedLib
+	nativeTest
+	app
+)
+
 func (class apexFileClass) NameInMake() string {
 	switch class {
 	case etc:
@@ -441,13 +441,30 @@
 	}
 }
 
+// apexFile represents a file in an APEX bundle
 type apexFile struct {
 	builtFile  android.Path
 	moduleName string
 	installDir string
 	class      apexFileClass
 	module     android.Module
-	symlinks   []string
+	// list of symlinks that will be created in installDir that point to this apexFile
+	symlinks      []string
+	transitiveDep bool
+}
+
+func newApexFile(builtFile android.Path, moduleName string, installDir string, class apexFileClass, module android.Module) apexFile {
+	return apexFile{
+		builtFile:  builtFile,
+		moduleName: moduleName,
+		installDir: installDir,
+		class:      class,
+		module:     module,
+	}
+}
+
+func (af *apexFile) Ok() bool {
+	return af.builtFile != nil || af.builtFile.String() == ""
 }
 
 type apexBundle struct {
@@ -716,12 +733,12 @@
 
 func (a *apexBundle) getImageVariation(config android.DeviceConfig) string {
 	if a.vndkApex {
-		return "vendor." + a.vndkVersion(config)
+		return cc.VendorVariationPrefix + a.vndkVersion(config)
 	}
 	if config.VndkVersion() != "" && proptools.Bool(a.properties.Use_vendor) {
-		return "vendor." + config.PlatformVndkVersion()
+		return cc.VendorVariationPrefix + config.PlatformVndkVersion()
 	} else {
-		return "core"
+		return android.CoreVariation
 	}
 }
 
@@ -761,9 +778,11 @@
 	a.properties.HideFromMake = true
 }
 
-func getCopyManifestForNativeLibrary(ccMod *cc.Module, config android.Config, handleSpecialLibs bool) (fileToCopy android.Path, dirInApex string) {
+// TODO(jiyong) move apexFileFor* close to the apexFile type definition
+func apexFileForNativeLibrary(ccMod *cc.Module, config android.Config, handleSpecialLibs bool) apexFile {
 	// Decide the APEX-local directory by the multilib of the library
 	// In the future, we may query this to the module.
+	var dirInApex string
 	switch ccMod.Arch().ArchType.Multilib {
 	case "lib32":
 		dirInApex = "lib"
@@ -788,83 +807,84 @@
 		dirInApex = filepath.Join(dirInApex, "bionic")
 	}
 
-	fileToCopy = ccMod.OutputFile().Path()
-	return
+	fileToCopy := ccMod.OutputFile().Path()
+	return newApexFile(fileToCopy, ccMod.Name(), dirInApex, nativeSharedLib, ccMod)
 }
 
-func getCopyManifestForExecutable(cc *cc.Module) (fileToCopy android.Path, dirInApex string) {
-	dirInApex = filepath.Join("bin", cc.RelativeInstallPath())
+func apexFileForExecutable(cc *cc.Module) apexFile {
+	dirInApex := filepath.Join("bin", cc.RelativeInstallPath())
 	if cc.Target().NativeBridge == android.NativeBridgeEnabled {
 		dirInApex = filepath.Join(dirInApex, cc.Target().NativeBridgeRelativePath)
 	}
-	fileToCopy = cc.OutputFile().Path()
-	return
+	fileToCopy := cc.OutputFile().Path()
+	af := newApexFile(fileToCopy, cc.Name(), dirInApex, nativeExecutable, cc)
+	af.symlinks = cc.Symlinks()
+	return af
 }
 
-func getCopyManifestForPyBinary(py *python.Module) (fileToCopy android.Path, dirInApex string) {
-	dirInApex = "bin"
-	fileToCopy = py.HostToolPath().Path()
-	return
+func apexFileForPyBinary(py *python.Module) apexFile {
+	dirInApex := "bin"
+	fileToCopy := py.HostToolPath().Path()
+	return newApexFile(fileToCopy, py.Name(), dirInApex, pyBinary, py)
 }
-func getCopyManifestForGoBinary(ctx android.ModuleContext, gb bootstrap.GoBinaryTool) (fileToCopy android.Path, dirInApex string) {
-	dirInApex = "bin"
+func apexFileForGoBinary(ctx android.ModuleContext, depName string, gb bootstrap.GoBinaryTool) apexFile {
+	dirInApex := "bin"
 	s, err := filepath.Rel(android.PathForOutput(ctx).String(), gb.InstallPath())
 	if err != nil {
 		ctx.ModuleErrorf("Unable to use compiled binary at %s", gb.InstallPath())
-		return
+		return apexFile{}
 	}
-	fileToCopy = android.PathForOutput(ctx, s)
-	return
+	fileToCopy := android.PathForOutput(ctx, s)
+	// NB: Since go binaries are static we don't need the module for anything here, which is
+	// good since the go tool is a blueprint.Module not an android.Module like we would
+	// normally use.
+	return newApexFile(fileToCopy, depName, dirInApex, goBinary, nil)
 }
 
-func getCopyManifestForShBinary(sh *android.ShBinary) (fileToCopy android.Path, dirInApex string) {
-	dirInApex = filepath.Join("bin", sh.SubDir())
-	fileToCopy = sh.OutputFile()
-	return
+func apexFileForShBinary(sh *android.ShBinary) apexFile {
+	dirInApex := filepath.Join("bin", sh.SubDir())
+	fileToCopy := sh.OutputFile()
+	af := newApexFile(fileToCopy, sh.Name(), dirInApex, shBinary, sh)
+	af.symlinks = sh.Symlinks()
+	return af
 }
 
-func getCopyManifestForJavaLibrary(java *java.Library) (fileToCopy android.Path, dirInApex string) {
-	dirInApex = "javalib"
-	fileToCopy = java.DexJarFile()
-	return
+func apexFileForJavaLibrary(java *java.Library) apexFile {
+	dirInApex := "javalib"
+	fileToCopy := java.DexJarFile()
+	return newApexFile(fileToCopy, java.Name(), dirInApex, javaSharedLib, java)
 }
 
-func getCopyManifestForPrebuiltJavaLibrary(java *java.Import) (fileToCopy android.Path, dirInApex string) {
-	dirInApex = "javalib"
+func apexFileForPrebuiltJavaLibrary(java *java.Import) apexFile {
+	dirInApex := "javalib"
 	// The output is only one, but for some reason, ImplementationJars returns Paths, not Path
 	implJars := java.ImplementationJars()
 	if len(implJars) != 1 {
 		panic(fmt.Errorf("java.ImplementationJars() must return single Path, but got: %s",
 			strings.Join(implJars.Strings(), ", ")))
 	}
-	fileToCopy = implJars[0]
-	return
+	fileToCopy := implJars[0]
+	return newApexFile(fileToCopy, java.Name(), dirInApex, javaSharedLib, java)
 }
 
-func getCopyManifestForPrebuiltEtc(prebuilt android.PrebuiltEtcModule) (fileToCopy android.Path, dirInApex string) {
-	dirInApex = filepath.Join("etc", prebuilt.SubDir())
-	fileToCopy = prebuilt.OutputFile()
-	return
+func apexFileForPrebuiltEtc(prebuilt android.PrebuiltEtcModule, depName string) apexFile {
+	dirInApex := filepath.Join("etc", prebuilt.SubDir())
+	fileToCopy := prebuilt.OutputFile()
+	return newApexFile(fileToCopy, depName, dirInApex, etc, prebuilt)
 }
 
-func getCopyManifestForAndroidApp(app *java.AndroidApp, pkgName string) (fileToCopy android.Path, dirInApex string) {
+func apexFileForAndroidApp(aapp interface {
+	android.Module
+	Privileged() bool
+	OutputFile() android.Path
+}, pkgName string) apexFile {
 	appDir := "app"
-	if app.Privileged() {
+	if aapp.Privileged() {
 		appDir = "priv-app"
 	}
-	dirInApex = filepath.Join(appDir, pkgName)
-	fileToCopy = app.OutputFile()
-	return
-}
-
-func getCopyManifestForAndroidAppImport(app *java.AndroidAppImport, pkgName string) (fileToCopy android.Path, dirInApex string) {
-	appDir := "app"
-	if app.Privileged() {
-		appDir = "priv-app"
-	}
-	dirInApex = filepath.Join(appDir, pkgName)
-	fileToCopy = app.OutputFile()
-	return
+	dirInApex := filepath.Join(appDir, pkgName)
+	fileToCopy := aapp.OutputFile()
+	return newApexFile(fileToCopy, aapp.Name(), dirInApex, app, aapp)
 }
 
 // Context "decorator", overriding the InstallBypassMake method to always reply `true`.
@@ -877,8 +897,6 @@
 }
 
 func (a *apexBundle) GenerateAndroidBuildActions(ctx android.ModuleContext) {
-	filesInfo := []apexFile{}
-
 	buildFlattenedAsDefault := ctx.Config().FlattenApex() && !ctx.Config().UnbundledBuild()
 	switch a.properties.ApexType {
 	case imageApex:
@@ -939,68 +957,67 @@
 		providedNativeSharedLibs = append(providedNativeSharedLibs, other.properties.Native_shared_libs...)
 	})
 
+	var filesInfo []apexFile
 	ctx.WalkDepsBlueprint(func(child, parent blueprint.Module) bool {
 		depTag := ctx.OtherModuleDependencyTag(child)
 		depName := ctx.OtherModuleName(child)
-		if _, ok := parent.(*apexBundle); ok {
-			// direct dependencies
+		if _, isDirectDep := parent.(*apexBundle); isDirectDep {
 			switch depTag {
 			case sharedLibTag:
 				if cc, ok := child.(*cc.Module); ok {
 					if cc.HasStubsVariants() {
 						provideNativeLibs = append(provideNativeLibs, cc.OutputFile().Path().Base())
 					}
-					fileToCopy, dirInApex := getCopyManifestForNativeLibrary(cc, ctx.Config(), handleSpecialLibs)
-					filesInfo = append(filesInfo, apexFile{fileToCopy, depName, dirInApex, nativeSharedLib, cc, nil})
-					return true
+					filesInfo = append(filesInfo, apexFileForNativeLibrary(cc, ctx.Config(), handleSpecialLibs))
+					return true // track transitive dependencies
 				} else {
 					ctx.PropertyErrorf("native_shared_libs", "%q is not a cc_library or cc_library_shared module", depName)
 				}
 			case executableTag:
 				if cc, ok := child.(*cc.Module); ok {
-					fileToCopy, dirInApex := getCopyManifestForExecutable(cc)
-					filesInfo = append(filesInfo, apexFile{fileToCopy, depName, dirInApex, nativeExecutable, cc, cc.Symlinks()})
-					return true
+					filesInfo = append(filesInfo, apexFileForExecutable(cc))
+					return true // track transitive dependencies
 				} else if sh, ok := child.(*android.ShBinary); ok {
-					fileToCopy, dirInApex := getCopyManifestForShBinary(sh)
-					filesInfo = append(filesInfo, apexFile{fileToCopy, depName, dirInApex, shBinary, sh, sh.Symlinks()})
+					filesInfo = append(filesInfo, apexFileForShBinary(sh))
 				} else if py, ok := child.(*python.Module); ok && py.HostToolPath().Valid() {
-					fileToCopy, dirInApex := getCopyManifestForPyBinary(py)
-					filesInfo = append(filesInfo, apexFile{fileToCopy, depName, dirInApex, pyBinary, py, nil})
+					filesInfo = append(filesInfo, apexFileForPyBinary(py))
 				} else if gb, ok := child.(bootstrap.GoBinaryTool); ok && a.Host() {
-					fileToCopy, dirInApex := getCopyManifestForGoBinary(ctx, gb)
-					// NB: Since go binaries are static we don't need the module for anything here, which is
-					// good since the go tool is a blueprint.Module not an android.Module like we would
-					// normally use.
-					filesInfo = append(filesInfo, apexFile{fileToCopy, depName, dirInApex, goBinary, nil, nil})
+					filesInfo = append(filesInfo, apexFileForGoBinary(ctx, depName, gb))
 				} else {
 					ctx.PropertyErrorf("binaries", "%q is neither cc_binary, (embedded) py_binary, (host) blueprint_go_binary, (host) bootstrap_go_binary, nor sh_binary", depName)
 				}
 			case javaLibTag:
 				if javaLib, ok := child.(*java.Library); ok {
-					fileToCopy, dirInApex := getCopyManifestForJavaLibrary(javaLib)
-					if fileToCopy == nil {
+					af := apexFileForJavaLibrary(javaLib)
+					if !af.Ok() {
 						ctx.PropertyErrorf("java_libs", "%q is not configured to be compiled into dex", depName)
 					} else {
-						filesInfo = append(filesInfo, apexFile{fileToCopy, depName, dirInApex, javaSharedLib, javaLib, nil})
+						filesInfo = append(filesInfo, af)
+						return true // track transitive dependencies
 					}
-					return true
 				} else if javaLib, ok := child.(*java.Import); ok {
-					fileToCopy, dirInApex := getCopyManifestForPrebuiltJavaLibrary(javaLib)
-					if fileToCopy == nil {
+					af := apexFileForPrebuiltJavaLibrary(javaLib)
+					if !af.Ok() {
 						ctx.PropertyErrorf("java_libs", "%q does not have a jar output", depName)
 					} else {
-						filesInfo = append(filesInfo, apexFile{fileToCopy, depName, dirInApex, javaSharedLib, javaLib, nil})
+						filesInfo = append(filesInfo, af)
 					}
-					return true
 				} else {
 					ctx.PropertyErrorf("java_libs", "%q of type %q is not supported", depName, ctx.OtherModuleType(child))
 				}
+			case androidAppTag:
+				pkgName := ctx.DeviceConfig().OverridePackageNameFor(depName)
+				if ap, ok := child.(*java.AndroidApp); ok {
+					filesInfo = append(filesInfo, apexFileForAndroidApp(ap, pkgName))
+					return true // track transitive dependencies
+				} else if ap, ok := child.(*java.AndroidAppImport); ok {
+					filesInfo = append(filesInfo, apexFileForAndroidApp(ap, pkgName))
+				} else {
+					ctx.PropertyErrorf("apps", "%q is not an android_app module", depName)
+				}
 			case prebuiltTag:
 				if prebuilt, ok := child.(android.PrebuiltEtcModule); ok {
-					fileToCopy, dirInApex := getCopyManifestForPrebuiltEtc(prebuilt)
-					filesInfo = append(filesInfo, apexFile{fileToCopy, depName, dirInApex, etc, prebuilt, nil})
-					return true
+					filesInfo = append(filesInfo, apexFileForPrebuiltEtc(prebuilt, depName))
 				} else {
 					ctx.PropertyErrorf("prebuilts", "%q is not a prebuilt_etc module", depName)
 				}
@@ -1016,10 +1033,10 @@
 						return true
 					} else {
 						// Single-output test module (where `test_per_src: false`).
-						fileToCopy, dirInApex := getCopyManifestForExecutable(ccTest)
-						filesInfo = append(filesInfo, apexFile{fileToCopy, depName, dirInApex, nativeTest, ccTest, nil})
+						af := apexFileForExecutable(ccTest)
+						af.class = nativeTest
+						filesInfo = append(filesInfo, af)
 					}
-					return true
 				} else {
 					ctx.PropertyErrorf("tests", "%q is not a cc module", depName)
 				}
@@ -1027,15 +1044,14 @@
 				if key, ok := child.(*apexKey); ok {
 					a.private_key_file = key.private_key_file
 					a.public_key_file = key.public_key_file
-					return false
 				} else {
 					ctx.PropertyErrorf("key", "%q is not an apex_key module", depName)
 				}
+				return false
 			case certificateTag:
 				if dep, ok := child.(*java.AndroidAppCertificate); ok {
 					a.container_certificate_file = dep.Certificate.Pem
 					a.container_private_key_file = dep.Certificate.Key
-					return false
 				} else {
 					ctx.ModuleErrorf("certificate dependency %q must be an android_app_certificate module", depName)
 				}
@@ -1045,17 +1061,6 @@
 				if prebuilt, ok := child.(*Prebuilt); ok && prebuilt.isForceDisabled() {
 					a.prebuiltFileToDelete = prebuilt.InstallFilename()
 				}
-			case androidAppTag:
-				if ap, ok := child.(*java.AndroidApp); ok {
-					fileToCopy, dirInApex := getCopyManifestForAndroidApp(ap, ctx.DeviceConfig().OverridePackageNameFor(depName))
-					filesInfo = append(filesInfo, apexFile{fileToCopy, depName, dirInApex, app, ap, nil})
-					return true
-				} else if ap, ok := child.(*java.AndroidAppImport); ok {
-					fileToCopy, dirInApex := getCopyManifestForAndroidAppImport(ap, ctx.DeviceConfig().OverridePackageNameFor(depName))
-					filesInfo = append(filesInfo, apexFile{fileToCopy, depName, dirInApex, app, ap, nil})
-				} else {
-					ctx.PropertyErrorf("apps", "%q is not an android_app module", depName)
-				}
 			}
 		} else if !a.vndkApex {
 			// indirect dependencies
@@ -1084,23 +1089,26 @@
 							// Don't track further
 							return false
 						}
-						fileToCopy, dirInApex := getCopyManifestForNativeLibrary(cc, ctx.Config(), handleSpecialLibs)
-						filesInfo = append(filesInfo, apexFile{fileToCopy, depName, dirInApex, nativeSharedLib, cc, nil})
-						return true
+						af := apexFileForNativeLibrary(cc, ctx.Config(), handleSpecialLibs)
+						af.transitiveDep = true
+						filesInfo = append(filesInfo, af)
+						return true // track transitive dependencies
 					}
 				} else if cc.IsTestPerSrcDepTag(depTag) {
 					if cc, ok := child.(*cc.Module); ok {
-						fileToCopy, dirInApex := getCopyManifestForExecutable(cc)
+						af := apexFileForExecutable(cc)
 						// Handle modules created as `test_per_src` variations of a single test module:
 						// use the name of the generated test binary (`fileToCopy`) instead of the name
 						// of the original test module (`depName`, shared by all `test_per_src`
 						// variations of that module).
-						moduleName := filepath.Base(fileToCopy.String())
-						filesInfo = append(filesInfo, apexFile{fileToCopy, moduleName, dirInApex, nativeTest, cc, nil})
-						return true
+						af.moduleName = filepath.Base(af.builtFile.String())
+						af.transitiveDep = true
+						filesInfo = append(filesInfo, af)
+						return true // track transitive dependencies
 					}
 				} else if java.IsJniDepTag(depTag) {
 					// Do nothing for JNI dep. JNI libraries are always embedded in APK-in-APEX.
+					return true
 				} else if am.CanHaveApexVariants() && am.IsInstallableToApex() {
 					ctx.ModuleErrorf("unexpected tag %q for indirect dependency %q", depTag, depName)
 				}
@@ -1117,7 +1125,8 @@
 			dirInApex := filepath.Join("javalib", arch.String())
 			for _, f := range files {
 				localModule := "javalib_" + arch.String() + "_" + filepath.Base(f.String())
-				filesInfo = append(filesInfo, apexFile{f, localModule, dirInApex, etc, nil, nil})
+				af := newApexFile(f, localModule, dirInApex, etc, nil)
+				filesInfo = append(filesInfo, af)
 			}
 		}
 	}
diff --git a/apex/apex_test.go b/apex/apex_test.go
index 4d7777d..509d760 100644
--- a/apex/apex_test.go
+++ b/apex/apex_test.go
@@ -101,46 +101,46 @@
 	config.TestProductVariables.Platform_vndk_version = proptools.StringPtr("VER")
 
 	ctx := android.NewTestArchContext()
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("apex", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(BundleFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("apex_test", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(testApexBundleFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("apex_vndk", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(vndkApexBundleFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("apex_key", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(ApexKeyFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("apex_defaults", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(defaultsFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("prebuilt_apex", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(PrebuiltFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("override_apex", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(overrideApexFactory))
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("apex", BundleFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("apex_test", testApexBundleFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("apex_vndk", vndkApexBundleFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("apex_key", ApexKeyFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("apex_defaults", defaultsFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("prebuilt_apex", PrebuiltFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("override_apex", overrideApexFactory)
 
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("cc_library", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(cc.LibraryFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("cc_library_shared", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(cc.LibrarySharedFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("cc_library_headers", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(cc.LibraryHeaderFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("cc_prebuilt_library_shared", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(cc.PrebuiltSharedLibraryFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("cc_prebuilt_library_static", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(cc.PrebuiltStaticLibraryFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("cc_binary", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(cc.BinaryFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("cc_object", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(cc.ObjectFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("cc_defaults", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(func() android.Module {
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("cc_library", cc.LibraryFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("cc_library_shared", cc.LibrarySharedFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("cc_library_headers", cc.LibraryHeaderFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("cc_prebuilt_library_shared", cc.PrebuiltSharedLibraryFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("cc_prebuilt_library_static", cc.PrebuiltStaticLibraryFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("cc_binary", cc.BinaryFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("cc_object", cc.ObjectFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("cc_defaults", func() android.Module {
 		return cc.DefaultsFactory()
-	}))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("cc_test", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(cc.TestFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("llndk_library", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(cc.LlndkLibraryFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("vndk_prebuilt_shared", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(cc.VndkPrebuiltSharedFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("vndk_libraries_txt", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(cc.VndkLibrariesTxtFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("toolchain_library", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(cc.ToolchainLibraryFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("prebuilt_etc", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(android.PrebuiltEtcFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("sh_binary", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(android.ShBinaryFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("android_app_certificate", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(java.AndroidAppCertificateFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("filegroup", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(android.FileGroupFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("java_library", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(java.LibraryFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("java_import", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(java.ImportFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("java_system_modules", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(java.SystemModulesFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("android_app", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(java.AndroidAppFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("android_app_import", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(java.AndroidAppImportFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("override_android_app", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(java.OverrideAndroidAppModuleFactory))
+	})
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("cc_test", cc.TestFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("llndk_library", cc.LlndkLibraryFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("vndk_prebuilt_shared", cc.VndkPrebuiltSharedFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("vndk_libraries_txt", cc.VndkLibrariesTxtFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("toolchain_library", cc.ToolchainLibraryFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("prebuilt_etc", android.PrebuiltEtcFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("sh_binary", android.ShBinaryFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("android_app_certificate", java.AndroidAppCertificateFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("filegroup", android.FileGroupFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("java_library", java.LibraryFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("java_import", java.ImportFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("java_system_modules", java.SystemModulesFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("android_app", java.AndroidAppFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("android_app_import", java.AndroidAppImportFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("override_android_app", java.OverrideAndroidAppModuleFactory)
 
 	ctx.PreArchMutators(android.RegisterDefaultsPreArchMutators)
 	ctx.PreArchMutators(func(ctx android.RegisterMutatorsContext) {
 		ctx.BottomUp("prebuilts", android.PrebuiltMutator).Parallel()
 	})
 	ctx.PreDepsMutators(func(ctx android.RegisterMutatorsContext) {
-		ctx.BottomUp("image", cc.ImageMutator).Parallel()
+		ctx.BottomUp("image", android.ImageMutator).Parallel()
 		ctx.BottomUp("link", cc.LinkageMutator).Parallel()
 		ctx.BottomUp("vndk", cc.VndkMutator).Parallel()
 		ctx.BottomUp("test_per_src", cc.TestPerSrcMutator).Parallel()
@@ -2144,38 +2144,47 @@
 	ensureContains(t, copyCmds, "image.apex/bin/script/myscript.sh")
 }
 
-func TestApexInProductPartition(t *testing.T) {
-	ctx, _ := testApex(t, `
-		apex {
-			name: "myapex",
-			key: "myapex.key",
-			native_shared_libs: ["mylib"],
-			product_specific: true,
-			file_contexts: "myapex_file_contexts",
-		}
+func TestApexInVariousPartition(t *testing.T) {
+	testcases := []struct {
+		propName, parition, flattenedPartition string
+	}{
+		{"", "system", "system_ext"},
+		{"product_specific: true", "product", "product"},
+		{"soc_specific: true", "vendor", "vendor"},
+		{"proprietary: true", "vendor", "vendor"},
+		{"vendor: true", "vendor", "vendor"},
+		{"system_ext_specific: true", "system_ext", "system_ext"},
+	}
+	for _, tc := range testcases {
+		t.Run(tc.propName+":"+tc.parition, func(t *testing.T) {
+			ctx, _ := testApex(t, `
+				apex {
+					name: "myapex",
+					key: "myapex.key",
+					`+tc.propName+`
+				}
 
-		apex_key {
-			name: "myapex.key",
-			public_key: "testkey.avbpubkey",
-			private_key: "testkey.pem",
-			product_specific: true,
-		}
+				apex_key {
+					name: "myapex.key",
+					public_key: "testkey.avbpubkey",
+					private_key: "testkey.pem",
+				}
+			`)
 
-		cc_library {
-			name: "mylib",
-			srcs: ["mylib.cpp"],
-			system_shared_libs: [],
-			stl: "none",
-		}
-	`, withFiles(map[string][]byte{
-		"myapex_file_contexts": nil,
-	}))
+			apex := ctx.ModuleForTests("myapex", "android_common_myapex_image").Module().(*apexBundle)
+			expected := buildDir + "/target/product/test_device/" + tc.parition + "/apex"
+			actual := apex.installDir.String()
+			if actual != expected {
+				t.Errorf("wrong install path. expected %q. actual %q", expected, actual)
+			}
 
-	apex := ctx.ModuleForTests("myapex", "android_common_myapex_image").Module().(*apexBundle)
-	expected := buildDir + "/target/product/test_device/product/apex"
-	actual := apex.installDir.String()
-	if actual != expected {
-		t.Errorf("wrong install path. expected %q. actual %q", expected, actual)
+			flattened := ctx.ModuleForTests("myapex", "android_common_myapex_flattened").Module().(*apexBundle)
+			expected = buildDir + "/target/product/test_device/" + tc.flattenedPartition + "/apex"
+			actual = flattened.installDir.String()
+			if actual != expected {
+				t.Errorf("wrong install path. expected %q. actual %q", expected, actual)
+			}
+		})
 	}
 }
 
@@ -2985,10 +2994,11 @@
 	var builder strings.Builder
 	data.Custom(&builder, name, "TARGET_", "", data)
 	androidMk := builder.String()
-	ensureContains(t, androidMk, "LOCAL_MODULE := app.override_myapex")
+	ensureContains(t, androidMk, "LOCAL_MODULE := override_app.override_myapex")
 	ensureContains(t, androidMk, "LOCAL_MODULE := apex_manifest.pb.override_myapex")
 	ensureContains(t, androidMk, "LOCAL_MODULE_STEM := override_myapex.apex")
 	ensureNotContains(t, androidMk, "LOCAL_MODULE := app.myapex")
+	ensureNotContains(t, androidMk, "LOCAL_MODULE := override_app.myapex")
 	ensureNotContains(t, androidMk, "LOCAL_MODULE := apex_manifest.pb.myapex")
 	ensureNotContains(t, androidMk, "LOCAL_MODULE_STEM := myapex.apex")
 }
diff --git a/apex/builder.go b/apex/builder.go
index 70f3e1a..f199bd4 100644
--- a/apex/builder.go
+++ b/apex/builder.go
@@ -501,8 +501,8 @@
 	if a.installable() {
 		// For flattened APEX, do nothing but make sure that apex_manifest.json and apex_pubkey are also copied along
 		// with other ordinary files.
-		a.filesInfo = append(a.filesInfo, apexFile{a.manifestJsonOut, "apex_manifest.json." + a.Name() + a.suffix, ".", etc, nil, nil})
-		a.filesInfo = append(a.filesInfo, apexFile{a.manifestPbOut, "apex_manifest.pb." + a.Name() + a.suffix, ".", etc, nil, nil})
+		a.filesInfo = append(a.filesInfo, newApexFile(a.manifestJsonOut, "apex_manifest.json."+a.Name()+a.suffix, ".", etc, nil))
+		a.filesInfo = append(a.filesInfo, newApexFile(a.manifestPbOut, "apex_manifest.pb."+a.Name()+a.suffix, ".", etc, nil))
 
 		// rename to apex_pubkey
 		copiedPubkey := android.PathForModuleOut(ctx, "apex_pubkey")
@@ -511,7 +511,7 @@
 			Input:  a.public_key_file,
 			Output: copiedPubkey,
 		})
-		a.filesInfo = append(a.filesInfo, apexFile{copiedPubkey, "apex_pubkey." + a.Name() + a.suffix, ".", etc, nil, nil})
+		a.filesInfo = append(a.filesInfo, newApexFile(copiedPubkey, "apex_pubkey."+a.Name()+a.suffix, ".", etc, nil))
 
 		if a.properties.ApexType == flattenedApex {
 			apexName := proptools.StringDefault(a.properties.Apex_name, a.Name())
diff --git a/bpf/bpf_test.go b/bpf/bpf_test.go
index cbb251f..73b90ba 100644
--- a/bpf/bpf_test.go
+++ b/bpf/bpf_test.go
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@
 	}
 
 	ctx := cc.CreateTestContext(bp, mockFS, android.Android)
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("bpf", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(bpfFactory))
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("bpf", bpfFactory)
 	ctx.Register()
 
 	return ctx
diff --git a/cc/cc.go b/cc/cc.go
index aa656da..f306a00 100644
--- a/cc/cc.go
+++ b/cc/cc.go
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@
 
 	android.PreDepsMutators(func(ctx android.RegisterMutatorsContext) {
 		ctx.BottomUp("vndk", VndkMutator).Parallel()
-		ctx.BottomUp("image", ImageMutator).Parallel()
+		ctx.BottomUp("image", android.ImageMutator).Parallel()
 		ctx.BottomUp("link", LinkageMutator).Parallel()
 		ctx.BottomUp("ndk_api", ndkApiMutator).Parallel()
 		ctx.BottomUp("test_per_src", TestPerSrcMutator).Parallel()
@@ -218,7 +218,10 @@
 	// Make this module available when building for recovery
 	Recovery_available *bool
 
-	InRecovery bool `blueprint:"mutated"`
+	// Set by ImageMutator
+	CoreVariantNeeded     bool     `blueprint:"mutated"`
+	RecoveryVariantNeeded bool     `blueprint:"mutated"`
+	VendorVariants        []string `blueprint:"mutated"`
 
 	// Allows this module to use non-APEX version of libraries. Useful
 	// for building binaries that are started before APEXes are activated.
@@ -826,7 +829,7 @@
 }
 
 func (c *Module) InRecovery() bool {
-	return c.Properties.InRecovery || c.ModuleBase.InstallInRecovery()
+	return c.ModuleBase.InRecovery() || c.ModuleBase.InstallInRecovery()
 }
 
 func (c *Module) OnlyInRecovery() bool {
@@ -1588,8 +1591,7 @@
 			depTag = headerExportDepTag
 		}
 		if buildStubs {
-			actx.AddFarVariationDependencies(append(ctx.Target().Variations(),
-				blueprint.Variation{Mutator: "image", Variation: c.imageVariation()}),
+			actx.AddFarVariationDependencies(append(ctx.Target().Variations(), c.ImageVariation()),
 				depTag, lib)
 		} else {
 			actx.AddVariationDependencies(nil, depTag, lib)
@@ -1727,14 +1729,8 @@
 
 	if vndkdep := c.vndkdep; vndkdep != nil {
 		if vndkdep.isVndkExt() {
-			var baseModuleMode string
-			if actx.DeviceConfig().VndkVersion() == "" {
-				baseModuleMode = coreMode
-			} else {
-				baseModuleMode = c.imageVariation()
-			}
 			actx.AddVariationDependencies([]blueprint.Variation{
-				{Mutator: "image", Variation: baseModuleMode},
+				c.ImageVariation(),
 				{Mutator: "link", Variation: "shared"},
 			}, vndkExtDepTag, vndkdep.getVndkExtendsModuleName())
 		}
@@ -2389,15 +2385,6 @@
 	return c.installer != nil && !c.Properties.PreventInstall && c.IsForPlatform() && c.outputFile.Valid()
 }
 
-func (c *Module) imageVariation() string {
-	if c.UseVndk() {
-		return vendorMode + "." + c.Properties.VndkVersion
-	} else if c.InRecovery() {
-		return recoveryMode
-	}
-	return coreMode
-}
-
 func (c *Module) IDEInfo(dpInfo *android.IdeInfo) {
 	outputFiles, err := c.OutputFiles("")
 	if err != nil {
@@ -2481,15 +2468,9 @@
 }
 
 const (
-	// coreMode is the variant used for framework-private libraries, or
-	// SDK libraries. (which framework-private libraries can use)
-	coreMode = "core"
-
-	// vendorMode is the variant prefix used for /vendor code that compiles
+	// VendorVariationPrefix is the variant prefix used for /vendor code that compiles
 	// against the VNDK.
-	vendorMode = "vendor"
-
-	recoveryMode = "recovery"
+	VendorVariationPrefix = "vendor."
 )
 
 func squashVendorSrcs(m *Module) {
@@ -2512,74 +2493,9 @@
 	}
 }
 
-func ImageMutator(mctx android.BottomUpMutatorContext) {
-	if mctx.Os() != android.Android {
-		return
-	}
+var _ android.ImageInterface = (*Module)(nil)
 
-	if g, ok := mctx.Module().(*genrule.Module); ok {
-		if props, ok := g.Extra.(*GenruleExtraProperties); ok {
-			var coreVariantNeeded bool = false
-			var vendorVariantNeeded bool = false
-			var recoveryVariantNeeded bool = false
-			if mctx.DeviceConfig().VndkVersion() == "" {
-				coreVariantNeeded = true
-			} else if Bool(props.Vendor_available) {
-				coreVariantNeeded = true
-				vendorVariantNeeded = true
-			} else if mctx.SocSpecific() || mctx.DeviceSpecific() {
-				vendorVariantNeeded = true
-			} else {
-				coreVariantNeeded = true
-			}
-			if Bool(props.Recovery_available) {
-				recoveryVariantNeeded = true
-			}
-
-			if recoveryVariantNeeded {
-				primaryArch := mctx.Config().DevicePrimaryArchType()
-				moduleArch := g.Target().Arch.ArchType
-				if moduleArch != primaryArch {
-					recoveryVariantNeeded = false
-				}
-			}
-
-			var variants []string
-			if coreVariantNeeded {
-				variants = append(variants, coreMode)
-			}
-			if vendorVariantNeeded {
-				variants = append(variants, vendorMode+"."+mctx.DeviceConfig().PlatformVndkVersion())
-				if vndkVersion := mctx.DeviceConfig().VndkVersion(); vndkVersion != "current" {
-					variants = append(variants, vendorMode+"."+vndkVersion)
-				}
-			}
-			if recoveryVariantNeeded {
-				variants = append(variants, recoveryMode)
-			}
-			mod := mctx.CreateVariations(variants...)
-			for i, v := range variants {
-				if v == recoveryMode {
-					m := mod[i].(*genrule.Module)
-					m.Extra.(*GenruleExtraProperties).InRecovery = true
-				}
-			}
-		}
-	}
-
-	//TODO When LinkableInterface supports VNDK, this should be mctx.Module().(LinkableInterface)
-	m, ok := mctx.Module().(*Module)
-	if !ok {
-		if linkable, ok := mctx.Module().(LinkableInterface); ok {
-			variations := []string{coreMode}
-			if linkable.InRecovery() {
-				variations = append(variations, recoveryMode)
-			}
-			mctx.CreateVariations(variations...)
-		}
-		return
-	}
-
+func (m *Module) ImageMutatorBegin(mctx android.BaseModuleContext) {
 	// Sanity check
 	vendorSpecific := mctx.SocSpecific() || mctx.DeviceSpecific()
 	productSpecific := mctx.ProductSpecific()
@@ -2587,7 +2503,6 @@
 	if m.VendorProperties.Vendor_available != nil && vendorSpecific {
 		mctx.PropertyErrorf("vendor_available",
 			"doesn't make sense at the same time as `vendor: true`, `proprietary: true`, or `device_specific:true`")
-		return
 	}
 
 	if vndkdep := m.vndkdep; vndkdep != nil {
@@ -2595,38 +2510,32 @@
 			if productSpecific {
 				mctx.PropertyErrorf("product_specific",
 					"product_specific must not be true when `vndk: {enabled: true}`")
-				return
 			}
 			if vendorSpecific {
 				if !vndkdep.isVndkExt() {
 					mctx.PropertyErrorf("vndk",
 						"must set `extends: \"...\"` to vndk extension")
-					return
 				}
 			} else {
 				if vndkdep.isVndkExt() {
 					mctx.PropertyErrorf("vndk",
 						"must set `vendor: true` to set `extends: %q`",
 						m.getVndkExtendsModuleName())
-					return
 				}
 				if m.VendorProperties.Vendor_available == nil {
 					mctx.PropertyErrorf("vndk",
 						"vendor_available must be set to either true or false when `vndk: {enabled: true}`")
-					return
 				}
 			}
 		} else {
 			if vndkdep.isVndkSp() {
 				mctx.PropertyErrorf("vndk",
 					"must set `enabled: true` to set `support_system_process: true`")
-				return
 			}
 			if vndkdep.isVndkExt() {
 				mctx.PropertyErrorf("vndk",
 					"must set `enabled: true` to set `extends: %q`",
 					m.getVndkExtendsModuleName())
-				return
 			}
 		}
 	}
@@ -2705,28 +2614,34 @@
 		}
 	}
 
-	var variants []string
-	if coreVariantNeeded {
-		variants = append(variants, coreMode)
-	}
 	for _, variant := range android.FirstUniqueStrings(vendorVariants) {
-		variants = append(variants, vendorMode+"."+variant)
+		m.Properties.VendorVariants = append(m.Properties.VendorVariants, VendorVariationPrefix+variant)
 	}
-	if recoveryVariantNeeded {
-		variants = append(variants, recoveryMode)
-	}
-	mod := mctx.CreateVariations(variants...)
-	for i, v := range variants {
-		if strings.HasPrefix(v, vendorMode+".") {
-			m := mod[i].(*Module)
-			m.Properties.VndkVersion = strings.TrimPrefix(v, vendorMode+".")
-			squashVendorSrcs(m)
-		} else if v == recoveryMode {
-			m := mod[i].(*Module)
-			m.Properties.InRecovery = true
-			m.MakeAsPlatform()
-			squashRecoverySrcs(m)
-		}
+
+	m.Properties.RecoveryVariantNeeded = recoveryVariantNeeded
+	m.Properties.CoreVariantNeeded = coreVariantNeeded
+}
+
+func (c *Module) CoreVariantNeeded(ctx android.BaseModuleContext) bool {
+	return c.Properties.CoreVariantNeeded
+}
+
+func (c *Module) RecoveryVariantNeeded(ctx android.BaseModuleContext) bool {
+	return c.Properties.RecoveryVariantNeeded
+}
+
+func (c *Module) ExtraImageVariations(ctx android.BaseModuleContext) []string {
+	return c.Properties.VendorVariants
+}
+
+func (c *Module) SetImageVariation(ctx android.BaseModuleContext, variant string, module android.Module) {
+	m := module.(*Module)
+	if variant == android.RecoveryVariation {
+		m.MakeAsPlatform()
+		squashRecoverySrcs(m)
+	} else if strings.HasPrefix(variant, VendorVariationPrefix) {
+		m.Properties.VndkVersion = strings.TrimPrefix(variant, VendorVariationPrefix)
+		squashVendorSrcs(m)
 	}
 }
 
diff --git a/cc/config/vndk.go b/cc/config/vndk.go
index 3e8abac..c3cda49 100644
--- a/cc/config/vndk.go
+++ b/cc/config/vndk.go
@@ -165,4 +165,5 @@
 	"libxml2",
 	"libyuv",
 	"libziparchive",
+	"vintf-vibrator-ndk_platform",
 }
diff --git a/cc/genrule.go b/cc/genrule.go
index e594f4b..e74dd4d 100644
--- a/cc/genrule.go
+++ b/cc/genrule.go
@@ -26,9 +26,6 @@
 type GenruleExtraProperties struct {
 	Vendor_available   *bool
 	Recovery_available *bool
-
-	// This genrule is for recovery variant
-	InRecovery bool `blueprint:"mutated"`
 }
 
 // cc_genrule is a genrule that can depend on other cc_* objects.
@@ -37,7 +34,9 @@
 func genRuleFactory() android.Module {
 	module := genrule.NewGenRule()
 
-	module.Extra = &GenruleExtraProperties{}
+	extra := &GenruleExtraProperties{}
+	module.Extra = extra
+	module.ImageInterface = extra
 	module.AddProperties(module.Extra)
 
 	android.InitAndroidArchModule(module, android.HostAndDeviceSupported, android.MultilibBoth)
@@ -46,3 +45,44 @@
 
 	return module
 }
+
+var _ android.ImageInterface = (*GenruleExtraProperties)(nil)
+
+func (g *GenruleExtraProperties) ImageMutatorBegin(ctx android.BaseModuleContext) {}
+
+func (g *GenruleExtraProperties) CoreVariantNeeded(ctx android.BaseModuleContext) bool {
+	if ctx.DeviceConfig().VndkVersion() == "" {
+		return true
+	}
+
+	return Bool(g.Vendor_available) || !(ctx.SocSpecific() || ctx.DeviceSpecific())
+}
+
+func (g *GenruleExtraProperties) RecoveryVariantNeeded(ctx android.BaseModuleContext) bool {
+	if Bool(g.Recovery_available) {
+		primaryArch := ctx.Config().DevicePrimaryArchType()
+		moduleArch := ctx.Target().Arch.ArchType
+		return moduleArch == primaryArch
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
+func (g *GenruleExtraProperties) ExtraImageVariations(ctx android.BaseModuleContext) []string {
+	if ctx.DeviceConfig().VndkVersion() == "" {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	if Bool(g.Vendor_available) || ctx.SocSpecific() || ctx.DeviceSpecific() {
+		var variants []string
+		variants = append(variants, VendorVariationPrefix+ctx.DeviceConfig().PlatformVndkVersion())
+		if vndkVersion := ctx.DeviceConfig().VndkVersion(); vndkVersion != "current" {
+			variants = append(variants, VendorVariationPrefix+vndkVersion)
+		}
+		return variants
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (g *GenruleExtraProperties) SetImageVariation(ctx android.BaseModuleContext, variation string, module android.Module) {
+}
diff --git a/cc/genrule_test.go b/cc/genrule_test.go
index 92024ac..785e3e1 100644
--- a/cc/genrule_test.go
+++ b/cc/genrule_test.go
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@
 	fs map[string][]byte) *android.TestContext {
 
 	ctx := android.NewTestArchContext()
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("cc_genrule", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(genRuleFactory))
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("cc_genrule", genRuleFactory)
 	ctx.Register()
 
 	mockFS := map[string][]byte{
diff --git a/cc/library.go b/cc/library.go
index b8c4b51..98cae3d 100644
--- a/cc/library.go
+++ b/cc/library.go
@@ -1359,9 +1359,11 @@
 		return
 	}
 	if genrule, ok := mctx.Module().(*genrule.Module); ok {
-		if props, ok := genrule.Extra.(*GenruleExtraProperties); ok && !props.InRecovery {
-			mctx.CreateVariations("")
-			return
+		if _, ok := genrule.Extra.(*GenruleExtraProperties); ok {
+			if !genrule.InRecovery() {
+				mctx.CreateVariations("")
+				return
+			}
 		}
 	}
 }
diff --git a/cc/prebuilt_test.go b/cc/prebuilt_test.go
index edcd26e..72f9f4a 100644
--- a/cc/prebuilt_test.go
+++ b/cc/prebuilt_test.go
@@ -72,9 +72,9 @@
 
 	ctx := CreateTestContext(bp, fs, android.Android)
 
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("cc_prebuilt_library_shared", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(PrebuiltSharedLibraryFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("cc_prebuilt_library_static", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(PrebuiltStaticLibraryFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("cc_prebuilt_binary", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(prebuiltBinaryFactory))
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("cc_prebuilt_library_shared", PrebuiltSharedLibraryFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("cc_prebuilt_library_static", PrebuiltStaticLibraryFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("cc_prebuilt_binary", prebuiltBinaryFactory)
 
 	ctx.PreArchMutators(android.RegisterPrebuiltsPreArchMutators)
 	ctx.PostDepsMutators(android.RegisterPrebuiltsPostDepsMutators)
diff --git a/cc/sanitize.go b/cc/sanitize.go
index 2bf051e..b4082d3 100644
--- a/cc/sanitize.go
+++ b/cc/sanitize.go
@@ -39,7 +39,16 @@
 
 	hwasanCflags = []string{"-fno-omit-frame-pointer", "-Wno-frame-larger-than=",
 		"-fsanitize-hwaddress-abi=platform",
-		"-fno-experimental-new-pass-manager"}
+		"-fno-experimental-new-pass-manager",
+		// The following improves debug location information
+		// availability at the cost of its accuracy. It increases
+		// the likelihood of a stack variable's frame offset
+		// to be recorded in the debug info, which is important
+		// for the quality of hwasan reports. The downside is a
+		// higher number of "optimized out" stack variables.
+		// b/112437883.
+		"-mllvm", "-instcombine-lower-dbg-declare=0",
+	}
 
 	cfiCflags = []string{"-flto", "-fsanitize-cfi-cross-dso",
 		"-fsanitize-blacklist=external/compiler-rt/lib/cfi/cfi_blacklist.txt"}
@@ -886,13 +895,13 @@
 				// static executable gets static runtime libs
 				mctx.AddFarVariationDependencies(append(mctx.Target().Variations(), []blueprint.Variation{
 					{Mutator: "link", Variation: "static"},
-					{Mutator: "image", Variation: c.imageVariation()},
+					c.ImageVariation(),
 				}...), StaticDepTag, append([]string{runtimeLibrary}, extraStaticDeps...)...)
 			} else if !c.static() && !c.header() {
 				// dynamic executable and shared libs get shared runtime libs
 				mctx.AddFarVariationDependencies(append(mctx.Target().Variations(), []blueprint.Variation{
 					{Mutator: "link", Variation: "shared"},
-					{Mutator: "image", Variation: c.imageVariation()},
+					c.ImageVariation(),
 				}...), earlySharedDepTag, runtimeLibrary)
 			}
 			// static lib does not have dependency to the runtime library. The
diff --git a/cc/test_data_test.go b/cc/test_data_test.go
index 21ea765..962ff26 100644
--- a/cc/test_data_test.go
+++ b/cc/test_data_test.go
@@ -126,10 +126,8 @@
 				"dir/baz":        nil,
 				"dir/bar/baz":    nil,
 			})
-			ctx.RegisterModuleType("filegroup",
-				android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(android.FileGroupFactory))
-			ctx.RegisterModuleType("test",
-				android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(newTest))
+			ctx.RegisterModuleType("filegroup", android.FileGroupFactory)
+			ctx.RegisterModuleType("test", newTest)
 			ctx.Register()
 
 			_, errs := ctx.ParseBlueprintsFiles("Blueprints")
diff --git a/cc/testing.go b/cc/testing.go
index 9ad72d9..3b10f87 100644
--- a/cc/testing.go
+++ b/cc/testing.go
@@ -253,25 +253,25 @@
 	os android.OsType) *android.TestContext {
 
 	ctx := android.NewTestArchContext()
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("cc_defaults", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(defaultsFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("cc_binary", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(BinaryFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("cc_binary_host", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(binaryHostFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("cc_fuzz", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(FuzzFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("cc_library", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(LibraryFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("cc_library_shared", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(LibrarySharedFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("cc_library_static", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(LibraryStaticFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("cc_library_headers", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(LibraryHeaderFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("cc_test", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(TestFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("toolchain_library", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(ToolchainLibraryFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("llndk_library", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(LlndkLibraryFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("llndk_headers", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(llndkHeadersFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("vendor_public_library", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(vendorPublicLibraryFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("cc_object", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(ObjectFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("filegroup", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(android.FileGroupFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("vndk_prebuilt_shared", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(VndkPrebuiltSharedFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("vndk_libraries_txt", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(VndkLibrariesTxtFactory))
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("cc_defaults", defaultsFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("cc_binary", BinaryFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("cc_binary_host", binaryHostFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("cc_fuzz", FuzzFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("cc_library", LibraryFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("cc_library_shared", LibrarySharedFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("cc_library_static", LibraryStaticFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("cc_library_headers", LibraryHeaderFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("cc_test", TestFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("toolchain_library", ToolchainLibraryFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("llndk_library", LlndkLibraryFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("llndk_headers", llndkHeadersFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("vendor_public_library", vendorPublicLibraryFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("cc_object", ObjectFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("filegroup", android.FileGroupFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("vndk_prebuilt_shared", VndkPrebuiltSharedFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("vndk_libraries_txt", VndkLibrariesTxtFactory)
 	ctx.PreDepsMutators(func(ctx android.RegisterMutatorsContext) {
-		ctx.BottomUp("image", ImageMutator).Parallel()
+		ctx.BottomUp("image", android.ImageMutator).Parallel()
 		ctx.BottomUp("link", LinkageMutator).Parallel()
 		ctx.BottomUp("vndk", VndkMutator).Parallel()
 		ctx.BottomUp("version", VersionMutator).Parallel()
@@ -281,7 +281,7 @@
 		ctx.TopDown("double_loadable", checkDoubleLoadableLibraries).Parallel()
 	})
 	ctx.PreArchMutators(android.RegisterDefaultsPreArchMutators)
-	ctx.RegisterSingletonType("vndk-snapshot", android.SingletonFactoryAdaptor(VndkSnapshotSingleton))
+	ctx.RegisterSingletonType("vndk-snapshot", VndkSnapshotSingleton)
 
 	// add some modules that are required by the compiler and/or linker
 	bp = bp + GatherRequiredDepsForTest(os)
diff --git a/dexpreopt/config.go b/dexpreopt/config.go
index f38d892..83e3673 100644
--- a/dexpreopt/config.go
+++ b/dexpreopt/config.go
@@ -38,11 +38,10 @@
 	DisableGenerateProfile bool   // don't generate profiles
 	ProfileDir             string // directory to find profiles in
 
-	BootJars []string // modules for jars that form the boot class path
+	BootJars          []string // modules for jars that form the boot class path
+	UpdatableBootJars []string // jars within apex that form the boot class path
 
-	ArtApexJars                   []string // modules for jars that are in the ART APEX
-	ProductUpdatableBootModules   []string
-	ProductUpdatableBootLocations []string
+	ArtApexJars []string // modules for jars that are in the ART APEX
 
 	SystemServerJars          []string // jars that form the system server
 	SystemServerApps          []string // apps that are loaded into system server
@@ -118,9 +117,10 @@
 	UsesLibraries                []string
 	LibraryPaths                 map[string]android.Path
 
-	Archs               []android.ArchType
-	DexPreoptImages     []android.Path
-	DexPreoptImagesDeps []android.Paths
+	Archs                   []android.ArchType
+	DexPreoptImages         []android.Path
+	DexPreoptImagesDeps     []android.OutputPaths
+	DexPreoptImageLocations []string
 
 	PreoptBootClassPathDexFiles     android.Paths // file paths of boot class path files
 	PreoptBootClassPathDexLocations []string      // virtual locations of boot class path files
@@ -226,6 +226,7 @@
 		ProfileClassListing         string
 		LibraryPaths                map[string]string
 		DexPreoptImages             []string
+		DexPreoptImageLocations     []string
 		PreoptBootClassPathDexFiles []string
 	}
 
@@ -243,10 +244,11 @@
 	config.ModuleConfig.ProfileClassListing = android.OptionalPathForPath(constructPath(ctx, config.ProfileClassListing))
 	config.ModuleConfig.LibraryPaths = constructPathMap(ctx, config.LibraryPaths)
 	config.ModuleConfig.DexPreoptImages = constructPaths(ctx, config.DexPreoptImages)
+	config.ModuleConfig.DexPreoptImageLocations = config.DexPreoptImageLocations
 	config.ModuleConfig.PreoptBootClassPathDexFiles = constructPaths(ctx, config.PreoptBootClassPathDexFiles)
 
 	// This needs to exist, but dependencies are already handled in Make, so we don't need to pass them through JSON.
-	config.ModuleConfig.DexPreoptImagesDeps = make([]android.Paths, len(config.ModuleConfig.DexPreoptImages))
+	config.ModuleConfig.DexPreoptImagesDeps = make([]android.OutputPaths, len(config.ModuleConfig.DexPreoptImages))
 
 	return config.ModuleConfig, nil
 }
@@ -281,9 +283,8 @@
 		DisableGenerateProfile:             false,
 		ProfileDir:                         "",
 		BootJars:                           nil,
+		UpdatableBootJars:                  nil,
 		ArtApexJars:                        nil,
-		ProductUpdatableBootModules:        nil,
-		ProductUpdatableBootLocations:      nil,
 		SystemServerJars:                   nil,
 		SystemServerApps:                   nil,
 		UpdatableSystemServerJars:          nil,
diff --git a/dexpreopt/dexpreopt.go b/dexpreopt/dexpreopt.go
index 46e0f0a..40986c3 100644
--- a/dexpreopt/dexpreopt.go
+++ b/dexpreopt/dexpreopt.go
@@ -86,10 +86,8 @@
 
 			generateDM := shouldGenerateDM(module, global)
 
-			for i, arch := range module.Archs {
-				image := module.DexPreoptImages[i]
-				imageDeps := module.DexPreoptImagesDeps[i]
-				dexpreoptCommand(ctx, global, module, rule, arch, profile, image, imageDeps, appImage, generateDM)
+			for archIdx, _ := range module.Archs {
+				dexpreoptCommand(ctx, global, module, rule, archIdx, profile, appImage, generateDM)
 			}
 		}
 	}
@@ -102,6 +100,13 @@
 		return true
 	}
 
+	// Don't preopt system server jars that are updatable.
+	for _, p := range global.UpdatableSystemServerJars {
+		if _, jar := SplitApexJarPair(p); jar == module.Name {
+			return true
+		}
+	}
+
 	// If OnlyPreoptBootImageAndSystemServer=true and module is not in boot class path skip
 	// Also preopt system server jars since selinux prevents system server from loading anything from
 	// /data. If we don't do this they will need to be extracted which is not favorable for RAM usage
@@ -186,7 +191,9 @@
 }
 
 func dexpreoptCommand(ctx android.PathContext, global GlobalConfig, module ModuleConfig, rule *android.RuleBuilder,
-	arch android.ArchType, profile, bootImage android.Path, bootImageDeps android.Paths, appImage, generateDM bool) {
+	archIdx int, profile android.WritablePath, appImage bool, generateDM bool) {
+
+	arch := module.Archs[archIdx]
 
 	// HACK: make soname in Soong-generated .odex files match Make.
 	base := filepath.Base(module.DexLocation)
@@ -215,13 +222,6 @@
 
 	invocationPath := odexPath.ReplaceExtension(ctx, "invocation")
 
-	// bootImage is .../dex_bootjars/system/framework/arm64/boot.art, but dex2oat wants
-	// .../dex_bootjars/system/framework/boot.art on the command line
-	var bootImageLocation string
-	if bootImage != nil {
-		bootImageLocation = PathToLocation(bootImage, arch)
-	}
-
 	// The class loader context using paths in the build
 	var classLoaderContextHost android.Paths
 
@@ -349,7 +349,7 @@
 		Flag("--runtime-arg").FlagWithList("-Xbootclasspath-locations:", module.PreoptBootClassPathDexLocations, ":").
 		Flag("${class_loader_context_arg}").
 		Flag("${stored_class_loader_context_arg}").
-		FlagWithArg("--boot-image=", bootImageLocation).Implicits(bootImageDeps).
+		FlagWithArg("--boot-image=", strings.Join(module.DexPreoptImageLocations, ":")).Implicits(module.DexPreoptImagesDeps[archIdx].Paths()).
 		FlagWithInput("--dex-file=", module.DexPath).
 		FlagWithArg("--dex-location=", dexLocationArg).
 		FlagWithOutput("--oat-file=", odexPath).ImplicitOutput(vdexPath).
@@ -537,6 +537,22 @@
 	}
 }
 
+// Expected format for apexJarValue = <apex name>:<jar name>
+func SplitApexJarPair(apexJarValue string) (string, string) {
+	var apexJarPair []string = strings.SplitN(apexJarValue, ":", 2)
+	if apexJarPair == nil || len(apexJarPair) != 2 {
+		panic(fmt.Errorf("malformed apexJarValue: %q, expected format: <apex>:<jar>",
+			apexJarValue))
+	}
+	return apexJarPair[0], apexJarPair[1]
+}
+
+// Expected format for apexJarValue = <apex name>:<jar name>
+func GetJarLocationFromApexJarPair(apexJarValue string) string {
+	apex, jar := SplitApexJarPair(apexJarValue)
+	return filepath.Join("/apex", apex, "javalib", jar+".jar")
+}
+
 func contains(l []string, s string) bool {
 	for _, e := range l {
 		if e == s {
diff --git a/dexpreopt/dexpreopt_test.go b/dexpreopt/dexpreopt_test.go
index 6f8120e..254be0a 100644
--- a/dexpreopt/dexpreopt_test.go
+++ b/dexpreopt/dexpreopt_test.go
@@ -49,7 +49,8 @@
 		LibraryPaths:                    nil,
 		Archs:                           []android.ArchType{android.Arm},
 		DexPreoptImages:                 android.Paths{android.PathForTesting("system/framework/arm/boot.art")},
-		DexPreoptImagesDeps:             []android.Paths{android.Paths{}},
+		DexPreoptImagesDeps:             []android.OutputPaths{android.OutputPaths{}},
+		DexPreoptImageLocations:         []string{},
 		PreoptBootClassPathDexFiles:     nil,
 		PreoptBootClassPathDexLocations: nil,
 		PreoptExtractedApk:              false,
diff --git a/genrule/genrule.go b/genrule/genrule.go
index a7c5d65..57ca9bc 100644
--- a/genrule/genrule.go
+++ b/genrule/genrule.go
@@ -118,6 +118,7 @@
 	// For other packages to make their own genrules with extra
 	// properties
 	Extra interface{}
+	android.ImageInterface
 
 	properties generatorProperties
 
@@ -532,9 +533,20 @@
 	module.AddProperties(props...)
 	module.AddProperties(&module.properties)
 
+	module.ImageInterface = noopImageInterface{}
+
 	return module
 }
 
+type noopImageInterface struct{}
+
+func (x noopImageInterface) ImageMutatorBegin(android.BaseModuleContext)                 {}
+func (x noopImageInterface) CoreVariantNeeded(android.BaseModuleContext) bool            { return false }
+func (x noopImageInterface) RecoveryVariantNeeded(android.BaseModuleContext) bool        { return false }
+func (x noopImageInterface) ExtraImageVariations(ctx android.BaseModuleContext) []string { return nil }
+func (x noopImageInterface) SetImageVariation(ctx android.BaseModuleContext, variation string, module android.Module) {
+}
+
 // replace "out" with "__SBOX_OUT_DIR__/<the value of ${out}>"
 func pathToSandboxOut(path android.Path, genDir android.Path) string {
 	relOut, err := filepath.Rel(genDir.String(), path.String())
diff --git a/genrule/genrule_test.go b/genrule/genrule_test.go
index 5ac0e8c..07de999 100644
--- a/genrule/genrule_test.go
+++ b/genrule/genrule_test.go
@@ -55,11 +55,11 @@
 	fs map[string][]byte) *android.TestContext {
 
 	ctx := android.NewTestArchContext()
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("filegroup", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(android.FileGroupFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("genrule", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(GenRuleFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("gensrcs", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(GenSrcsFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("genrule_defaults", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(defaultsFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("tool", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(toolFactory))
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("filegroup", android.FileGroupFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("genrule", GenRuleFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("gensrcs", GenSrcsFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("genrule_defaults", defaultsFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("tool", toolFactory)
 	ctx.PreArchMutators(android.RegisterDefaultsPreArchMutators)
 	ctx.Register()
 
diff --git a/java/aar.go b/java/aar.go
index d8db192..e0bea5d 100644
--- a/java/aar.go
+++ b/java/aar.go
@@ -694,6 +694,10 @@
 	return nil
 }
 
+func (d *AARImport) ExportedPlugins() (android.Paths, []string) {
+	return nil, nil
+}
+
 func (a *AARImport) SrcJarArgs() ([]string, android.Paths) {
 	return nil, nil
 }
diff --git a/java/app.go b/java/app.go
old mode 100644
new mode 100755
index c635703..c772e47
--- a/java/app.go
+++ b/java/app.go
@@ -974,7 +974,13 @@
 	jnisUncompressed := android.PathForModuleOut(ctx, "jnis-uncompressed", ctx.ModuleName()+".apk")
 	a.uncompressEmbeddedJniLibs(ctx, srcApk, jnisUncompressed.OutputPath)
 
-	installDir := android.PathForModuleInstall(ctx, "app", a.BaseModuleName())
+	var installDir android.InstallPath
+	if Bool(a.properties.Privileged) {
+		installDir = android.PathForModuleInstall(ctx, "priv-app", a.BaseModuleName())
+	} else {
+		installDir = android.PathForModuleInstall(ctx, "app", a.BaseModuleName())
+	}
+
 	a.dexpreopter.installPath = installDir.Join(ctx, a.BaseModuleName()+".apk")
 	a.dexpreopter.isInstallable = true
 	a.dexpreopter.isPresignedPrebuilt = Bool(a.properties.Presigned)
diff --git a/java/app_test.go b/java/app_test.go
index 7e461bc..fc8cf8e 100644
--- a/java/app_test.go
+++ b/java/app_test.go
@@ -399,18 +399,21 @@
 
 			android_library {
 				name: "lib",
+				sdk_version: "current",
 				resource_dirs: ["lib/res"],
 				static_libs: ["lib2"],
 			}
 
 			android_library {
 				name: "lib2",
+				sdk_version: "current",
 				resource_dirs: ["lib2/res"],
 			}
 
 			// This library has the same resources as lib (should not lead to dupe RROs)
 			android_library {
 				name: "lib3",
+				sdk_version: "current",
 				resource_dirs: ["lib/res"]
 			}
 		`
diff --git a/java/device_host_converter.go b/java/device_host_converter.go
index 14db521..1524418 100644
--- a/java/device_host_converter.go
+++ b/java/device_host_converter.go
@@ -162,6 +162,10 @@
 	return nil
 }
 
+func (d *DeviceHostConverter) ExportedPlugins() (android.Paths, []string) {
+	return nil, nil
+}
+
 func (d *DeviceHostConverter) SrcJarArgs() ([]string, android.Paths) {
 	return d.srcJarArgs, d.srcJarDeps
 }
diff --git a/java/dex.go b/java/dex.go
index 5b25b21..cd6d90d 100644
--- a/java/dex.go
+++ b/java/dex.go
@@ -115,7 +115,6 @@
 	r8Flags = append(r8Flags, proguardRaiseDeps.FormJavaClassPath("-libraryjars"))
 	r8Flags = append(r8Flags, flags.bootClasspath.FormJavaClassPath("-libraryjars"))
 	r8Flags = append(r8Flags, flags.classpath.FormJavaClassPath("-libraryjars"))
-	r8Flags = append(r8Flags, "-forceprocessing")
 
 	r8Deps = append(r8Deps, proguardRaiseDeps...)
 	r8Deps = append(r8Deps, flags.bootClasspath...)
diff --git a/java/dexpreopt.go b/java/dexpreopt.go
index 2b1c994..479dec6 100644
--- a/java/dexpreopt.go
+++ b/java/dexpreopt.go
@@ -124,7 +124,7 @@
 	}
 
 	var images android.Paths
-	var imagesDeps []android.Paths
+	var imagesDeps []android.OutputPaths
 	for _, arch := range archs {
 		images = append(images, bootImage.images[arch])
 		imagesDeps = append(imagesDeps, bootImage.imagesDeps[arch])
@@ -169,15 +169,16 @@
 		UsesLibraries:                d.usesLibs,
 		LibraryPaths:                 d.libraryPaths,
 
-		Archs:               archs,
-		DexPreoptImages:     images,
-		DexPreoptImagesDeps: imagesDeps,
+		Archs:                   archs,
+		DexPreoptImages:         images,
+		DexPreoptImagesDeps:     imagesDeps,
+		DexPreoptImageLocations: bootImage.imageLocations,
 
 		// We use the dex paths and dex locations of the default boot image, as it
 		// contains the full dexpreopt boot classpath. Other images may just contain a subset of
 		// the dexpreopt boot classpath.
-		PreoptBootClassPathDexFiles:     defaultBootImage.dexPaths.Paths(),
-		PreoptBootClassPathDexLocations: defaultBootImage.dexLocations,
+		PreoptBootClassPathDexFiles:     defaultBootImage.dexPathsDeps.Paths(),
+		PreoptBootClassPathDexLocations: defaultBootImage.dexLocationsDeps,
 
 		PreoptExtractedApk: false,
 
diff --git a/java/dexpreopt_bootjars.go b/java/dexpreopt_bootjars.go
index a29665e..5e72cee 100644
--- a/java/dexpreopt_bootjars.go
+++ b/java/dexpreopt_bootjars.go
@@ -22,7 +22,6 @@
 	"android/soong/android"
 	"android/soong/dexpreopt"
 
-	"github.com/google/blueprint/pathtools"
 	"github.com/google/blueprint/proptools"
 )
 
@@ -50,38 +49,77 @@
 // will then reconstruct the real path, so the rules must have a dependency on the real path.
 
 type bootImageConfig struct {
-	name         string
-	stem         string
-	modules      []string
-	dexLocations []string
-	dexPaths     android.WritablePaths
-	dir          android.OutputPath
-	symbolsDir   android.OutputPath
-	targets      []android.Target
-	images       map[android.ArchType]android.OutputPath
-	imagesDeps   map[android.ArchType]android.Paths
-	zip          android.WritablePath
+	// Whether this image is an extension.
+	extension bool
+
+	// Image name (used in directory names and ninja rule names).
+	name string
+
+	// Basename of the image: the resulting filenames are <stem>[-<jar>].{art,oat,vdex}.
+	stem string
+
+	// Output directory for the image files.
+	dir android.OutputPath
+
+	// Output directory for the image files with debug symbols.
+	symbolsDir android.OutputPath
+
+	// Subdirectory where the image files are installed.
+	installSubdir string
+
+	// Targets for which the image is generated.
+	targets []android.Target
+
+	// The names of jars that constitute this image.
+	modules []string
+
+	// The "locations" of jars.
+	dexLocations     []string // for this image
+	dexLocationsDeps []string // for the dependency images and in this image
+
+	// File paths to jars.
+	dexPaths     android.WritablePaths // for this image
+	dexPathsDeps android.WritablePaths // for the dependency images and in this image
+
+	// The "locations" of the dependency images and in this image.
+	imageLocations []string
+
+	// Paths to image files (grouped by target).
+	images     map[android.ArchType]android.OutputPath  // first image file
+	imagesDeps map[android.ArchType]android.OutputPaths // all files
+
+	// File path to a zip archive with all image files (or nil, if not needed).
+	zip android.WritablePath
 }
 
-func (image bootImageConfig) moduleFiles(ctx android.PathContext, dir android.OutputPath, exts ...string) []android.OutputPath {
-	ret := make([]android.OutputPath, 0, len(image.modules)*len(exts))
-
-	// dex preopt on the bootclasspath produces multiple files.  The first dex file
-	// is converted into to 'name'.art (to match the legacy assumption that 'name'.art
+func (image bootImageConfig) moduleName(idx int) string {
+	// Dexpreopt on the boot class path produces multiple files. The first dex file
+	// is converted into 'name'.art (to match the legacy assumption that 'name'.art
 	// exists), and the rest are converted to 'name'-<jar>.art.
-	// In addition, each .art file has an associated .oat and .vdex file, and an
-	// unstripped .oat file
-	for i, m := range image.modules {
-		name := image.stem
-		if i != 0 {
-			name += "-" + stemOf(m)
-		}
+	m := image.modules[idx]
+	name := image.stem
+	if idx != 0 || image.extension {
+		name += "-" + stemOf(m)
+	}
+	return name
+}
 
+func (image bootImageConfig) firstModuleNameOrStem() string {
+	if len(image.modules) > 0 {
+		return image.moduleName(0)
+	} else {
+		return image.stem
+	}
+}
+
+func (image bootImageConfig) moduleFiles(ctx android.PathContext, dir android.OutputPath, exts ...string) android.OutputPaths {
+	ret := make(android.OutputPaths, 0, len(image.modules)*len(exts))
+	for i := range image.modules {
+		name := image.moduleName(i)
 		for _, ext := range exts {
 			ret = append(ret, dir.Join(ctx, name+ext))
 		}
 	}
-
 	return ret
 }
 
@@ -140,12 +178,6 @@
 	return false
 }
 
-func skipDexpreoptArtBootJars(ctx android.BuilderContext) bool {
-	// with EMMA_INSTRUMENT_FRAMEWORK=true ART boot class path libraries have dependencies on framework,
-	// therefore dexpreopt ART libraries cannot be dexpreopted in isolation => no ART boot image
-	return ctx.Config().IsEnvTrue("EMMA_INSTRUMENT_FRAMEWORK")
-}
-
 type dexpreoptBootJars struct {
 	defaultBootImage *bootImage
 	otherImages      []*bootImage
@@ -154,8 +186,8 @@
 }
 
 // Accessor function for the apex package. Returns nil if dexpreopt is disabled.
-func DexpreoptedArtApexJars(ctx android.BuilderContext) map[android.ArchType]android.Paths {
-	if skipDexpreoptBootJars(ctx) || skipDexpreoptArtBootJars(ctx) {
+func DexpreoptedArtApexJars(ctx android.BuilderContext) map[android.ArchType]android.OutputPaths {
+	if skipDexpreoptBootJars(ctx) {
 		return nil
 	}
 	return artBootImageConfig(ctx).imagesDeps
@@ -184,10 +216,8 @@
 
 	// Always create the default boot image first, to get a unique profile rule for all images.
 	d.defaultBootImage = buildBootImage(ctx, defaultBootImageConfig(ctx))
-	if !skipDexpreoptArtBootJars(ctx) {
-		// Create boot image for the ART apex (build artifacts are accessed via the global boot image config).
-		buildBootImage(ctx, artBootImageConfig(ctx))
-	}
+	// Create boot image for the ART apex (build artifacts are accessed via the global boot image config).
+	buildBootImage(ctx, artBootImageConfig(ctx))
 	if global.GenerateApexImage {
 		// Create boot images for the JIT-zygote experiment.
 		d.otherImages = append(d.otherImages, buildBootImage(ctx, apexBootImageConfig(ctx)))
@@ -201,7 +231,6 @@
 	image := newBootImage(ctx, config)
 
 	bootDexJars := make(android.Paths, len(image.modules))
-
 	ctx.VisitAllModules(func(module android.Module) {
 		// Collect dex jar paths for the modules listed above.
 		if j, ok := module.(interface{ DexJar() android.Path }); ok {
@@ -265,11 +294,12 @@
 
 	global := dexpreoptGlobalConfig(ctx)
 
-	symbolsDir := image.symbolsDir.Join(ctx, "system/framework", arch.String())
+	symbolsDir := image.symbolsDir.Join(ctx, image.installSubdir, arch.String())
 	symbolsFile := symbolsDir.Join(ctx, image.stem+".oat")
-	outputDir := image.dir.Join(ctx, "system/framework", arch.String())
-	outputPath := image.images[arch]
-	oatLocation := pathtools.ReplaceExtension(dexpreopt.PathToLocation(outputPath, arch), "oat")
+	outputDir := image.dir.Join(ctx, image.installSubdir, arch.String())
+	outputPath := outputDir.Join(ctx, image.stem+".oat")
+	oatLocation := dexpreopt.PathToLocation(outputPath, arch)
+	imagePath := outputPath.ReplaceExtension(ctx, "art")
 
 	rule := android.NewRuleBuilder()
 	rule.MissingDeps(missingDeps)
@@ -312,18 +342,27 @@
 		cmd.FlagWithInput("--dirty-image-objects=", global.DirtyImageObjects.Path())
 	}
 
+	if image.extension {
+		artImage := artBootImageConfig(ctx).images[arch]
+		cmd.
+			Flag("--runtime-arg").FlagWithInputList("-Xbootclasspath:", image.dexPathsDeps.Paths(), ":").
+			Flag("--runtime-arg").FlagWithList("-Xbootclasspath-locations:", image.dexLocationsDeps, ":").
+			FlagWithArg("--boot-image=", dexpreopt.PathToLocation(artImage, arch)).Implicit(artImage)
+	} else {
+		cmd.FlagWithArg("--base=", ctx.Config().LibartImgDeviceBaseAddress())
+	}
+
 	cmd.
 		FlagForEachInput("--dex-file=", image.dexPaths.Paths()).
 		FlagForEachArg("--dex-location=", image.dexLocations).
 		Flag("--generate-debug-info").
 		Flag("--generate-build-id").
 		Flag("--image-format=lz4hc").
-		FlagWithOutput("--oat-symbols=", symbolsFile).
+		FlagWithArg("--oat-symbols=", symbolsFile.String()).
 		Flag("--strip").
-		FlagWithOutput("--oat-file=", outputPath.ReplaceExtension(ctx, "oat")).
+		FlagWithArg("--oat-file=", outputPath.String()).
 		FlagWithArg("--oat-location=", oatLocation).
-		FlagWithOutput("--image=", outputPath).
-		FlagWithArg("--base=", ctx.Config().LibartImgDeviceBaseAddress()).
+		FlagWithArg("--image=", imagePath.String()).
 		FlagWithArg("--instruction-set=", arch.String()).
 		FlagWithArg("--instruction-set-variant=", global.CpuVariant[arch]).
 		FlagWithArg("--instruction-set-features=", global.InstructionSetFeatures[arch]).
@@ -341,8 +380,8 @@
 
 	cmd.Textf(`|| ( echo %s ; false )`, proptools.ShellEscape(failureMessage))
 
-	installDir := filepath.Join("/system/framework", arch.String())
-	vdexInstallDir := filepath.Join("/system/framework")
+	installDir := filepath.Join("/", image.installSubdir, arch.String())
+	vdexInstallDir := filepath.Join("/", image.installSubdir)
 
 	var vdexInstalls android.RuleBuilderInstalls
 	var unstrippedInstalls android.RuleBuilderInstalls
@@ -425,8 +464,8 @@
 			Text(`ANDROID_LOG_TAGS="*:e"`).
 			Tool(tools.Profman).
 			FlagWithInput("--create-profile-from=", bootImageProfile).
-			FlagForEachInput("--apk=", image.dexPaths.Paths()).
-			FlagForEachArg("--dex-location=", image.dexLocations).
+			FlagForEachInput("--apk=", image.dexPathsDeps.Paths()).
+			FlagForEachArg("--dex-location=", image.dexLocationsDeps).
 			FlagWithOutput("--reference-profile-file=", profile)
 
 		rule.Install(profile, "/system/etc/boot-image.prof")
@@ -477,8 +516,8 @@
 			Tool(tools.Profman).
 			Flag("--generate-boot-profile").
 			FlagWithInput("--create-profile-from=", bootFrameworkProfile).
-			FlagForEachInput("--apk=", image.dexPaths.Paths()).
-			FlagForEachArg("--dex-location=", image.dexLocations).
+			FlagForEachInput("--apk=", image.dexPathsDeps.Paths()).
+			FlagForEachArg("--dex-location=", image.dexLocationsDeps).
 			FlagWithOutput("--reference-profile-file=", profile)
 
 		rule.Install(profile, "/system/etc/boot-image.bprof")
@@ -506,8 +545,8 @@
 		rule.Command().
 			// TODO: for now, use the debug version for better error reporting
 			BuiltTool(ctx, "oatdumpd").
-			FlagWithInputList("--runtime-arg -Xbootclasspath:", image.dexPaths.Paths(), ":").
-			FlagWithList("--runtime-arg -Xbootclasspath-locations:", image.dexLocations, ":").
+			FlagWithInputList("--runtime-arg -Xbootclasspath:", image.dexPathsDeps.Paths(), ":").
+			FlagWithList("--runtime-arg -Xbootclasspath-locations:", image.dexLocationsDeps, ":").
 			FlagWithArg("--image=", dexpreopt.PathToLocation(image.images[arch], arch)).Implicit(image.images[arch]).
 			FlagWithOutput("--output=", output).
 			FlagWithArg("--instruction-set=", arch.String())
@@ -556,8 +595,9 @@
 	image := d.defaultBootImage
 	if image != nil {
 		ctx.Strict("DEXPREOPT_IMAGE_PROFILE_BUILT_INSTALLED", image.profileInstalls.String())
-		ctx.Strict("DEXPREOPT_BOOTCLASSPATH_DEX_FILES", strings.Join(image.dexPaths.Strings(), " "))
-		ctx.Strict("DEXPREOPT_BOOTCLASSPATH_DEX_LOCATIONS", strings.Join(image.dexLocations, " "))
+		ctx.Strict("DEXPREOPT_BOOTCLASSPATH_DEX_FILES", strings.Join(image.dexPathsDeps.Strings(), " "))
+		ctx.Strict("DEXPREOPT_BOOTCLASSPATH_DEX_LOCATIONS", strings.Join(image.dexLocationsDeps, " "))
+		ctx.Strict("DEXPREOPT_IMAGE_LOCATIONS", strings.Join(image.imageLocations, ":"))
 		ctx.Strict("DEXPREOPT_IMAGE_ZIP_"+image.name, image.zip.String())
 
 		var imageNames []string
diff --git a/java/dexpreopt_bootjars_test.go b/java/dexpreopt_bootjars_test.go
index a684ab2..87d5e30 100644
--- a/java/dexpreopt_bootjars_test.go
+++ b/java/dexpreopt_bootjars_test.go
@@ -48,20 +48,21 @@
 
 	pathCtx := android.PathContextForTesting(config, nil)
 	dexpreoptConfig := dexpreopt.GlobalConfigForTests(pathCtx)
-	dexpreoptConfig.ArtApexJars = []string{"foo", "bar", "baz"}
+	dexpreoptConfig.BootJars = []string{"foo", "bar", "baz"}
 	setDexpreoptTestGlobalConfig(config, dexpreoptConfig)
 
 	ctx := testContext(bp, nil)
 
-	ctx.RegisterSingletonType("dex_bootjars", android.SingletonFactoryAdaptor(dexpreoptBootJarsFactory))
+	ctx.RegisterSingletonType("dex_bootjars", dexpreoptBootJarsFactory)
 
 	run(t, ctx, config)
 
 	dexpreoptBootJars := ctx.SingletonForTests("dex_bootjars")
 
-	bootArt := dexpreoptBootJars.Output("boot.art")
+	bootArt := dexpreoptBootJars.Output("boot-foo.art")
 
 	expectedInputs := []string{
+		"dex_artjars/apex/com.android.art/javalib/arm64/boot.art",
 		"dex_bootjars_input/foo.jar",
 		"dex_bootjars_input/bar.jar",
 		"dex_bootjars_input/baz.jar",
@@ -82,19 +83,19 @@
 	expectedOutputs := []string{
 		"dex_bootjars/system/framework/arm64/boot.invocation",
 
-		"dex_bootjars/system/framework/arm64/boot.art",
+		"dex_bootjars/system/framework/arm64/boot-foo.art",
 		"dex_bootjars/system/framework/arm64/boot-bar.art",
 		"dex_bootjars/system/framework/arm64/boot-baz.art",
 
-		"dex_bootjars/system/framework/arm64/boot.oat",
+		"dex_bootjars/system/framework/arm64/boot-foo.oat",
 		"dex_bootjars/system/framework/arm64/boot-bar.oat",
 		"dex_bootjars/system/framework/arm64/boot-baz.oat",
 
-		"dex_bootjars/system/framework/arm64/boot.vdex",
+		"dex_bootjars/system/framework/arm64/boot-foo.vdex",
 		"dex_bootjars/system/framework/arm64/boot-bar.vdex",
 		"dex_bootjars/system/framework/arm64/boot-baz.vdex",
 
-		"dex_bootjars_unstripped/system/framework/arm64/boot.oat",
+		"dex_bootjars_unstripped/system/framework/arm64/boot-foo.oat",
 		"dex_bootjars_unstripped/system/framework/arm64/boot-bar.oat",
 		"dex_bootjars_unstripped/system/framework/arm64/boot-baz.oat",
 	}
diff --git a/java/dexpreopt_config.go b/java/dexpreopt_config.go
index 15f11e1..57a770e 100644
--- a/java/dexpreopt_config.go
+++ b/java/dexpreopt_config.go
@@ -15,7 +15,6 @@
 package java
 
 import (
-	"fmt"
 	"path/filepath"
 	"strings"
 
@@ -66,16 +65,6 @@
 var dexpreoptGlobalConfigKey = android.NewOnceKey("DexpreoptGlobalConfig")
 var dexpreoptTestGlobalConfigKey = android.NewOnceKey("TestDexpreoptGlobalConfig")
 
-// Expected format for apexJarValue = <apex name>:<jar name>
-func splitApexJarPair(apexJarValue string) (string, string)  {
-	var apexJarPair []string = strings.SplitN(apexJarValue, ":", 2)
-	if apexJarPair == nil || len(apexJarPair) != 2 {
-		panic(fmt.Errorf("malformed apexJarValue: %q, expected format: <apex>:<jar>",
-			apexJarValue))
-	}
-	return apexJarPair[0], apexJarPair[1]
-}
-
 // systemServerClasspath returns the on-device locations of the modules in the system server classpath.  It is computed
 // once the first time it is called for any ctx.Config(), and returns the same slice for all future calls with the same
 // ctx.Config().
@@ -89,9 +78,8 @@
 				filepath.Join("/system/framework", m+".jar"))
 		}
 		for _, m := range global.UpdatableSystemServerJars {
-			apex, jar := splitApexJarPair(m)
 			systemServerClasspathLocations = append(systemServerClasspathLocations,
-				filepath.Join("/apex", apex, "javalib", jar + ".jar"))
+				dexpreopt.GetJarLocationFromApexJarPair(m))
 		}
 		return systemServerClasspathLocations
 	})
@@ -122,114 +110,156 @@
 	return moduleName
 }
 
-// Construct a variant of the global config for dexpreopted bootclasspath jars. The variants differ
-// in the list of input jars (libcore, framework, or both), in the naming scheme for the dexpreopt
-// files (ART recognizes "apex" names as special), and whether to include a zip archive.
-//
-// 'name' is a string unique for each profile (used in directory names and ninja rule names)
-// 'stem' is the basename of the image: the resulting filenames are <stem>[-<jar>].{art,oat,vdex}.
-func getBootImageConfig(ctx android.PathContext, key android.OnceKey, name string, stem string,
-	needZip bool, artApexJarsOnly bool) bootImageConfig {
+func getJarsFromApexJarPairs(apexJarPairs []string) []string {
+	modules := make([]string, len(apexJarPairs))
+	for i, p := range apexJarPairs {
+		_, jar := dexpreopt.SplitApexJarPair(p)
+		modules[i] = jar
+	}
+	return modules
+}
 
-	return ctx.Config().Once(key, func() interface{} {
+var (
+	bootImageConfigKey     = android.NewOnceKey("bootImageConfig")
+	artBootImageName       = "art"
+	frameworkBootImageName = "boot"
+	apexBootImageName      = "apex"
+)
+
+// Construct the global boot image configs.
+func genBootImageConfigs(ctx android.PathContext) map[string]*bootImageConfig {
+	return ctx.Config().Once(bootImageConfigKey, func() interface{} {
+
 		global := dexpreoptGlobalConfig(ctx)
+		targets := dexpreoptTargets(ctx)
+		deviceDir := android.PathForOutput(ctx, ctx.Config().DeviceName())
 
 		artModules := global.ArtApexJars
-		imageModules := artModules
+		// In coverage builds ART boot class path jars are instrumented and have additional dependencies.
+		if ctx.Config().IsEnvTrue("EMMA_INSTRUMENT_FRAMEWORK") {
+			artModules = append(artModules, "jacocoagent")
+		}
+		frameworkModules := android.RemoveListFromList(global.BootJars,
+			concat(artModules, getJarsFromApexJarPairs(global.UpdatableBootJars)))
 
-		var bootLocations []string
+		artSubdir := "apex/com.android.art/javalib"
+		frameworkSubdir := "system/framework"
 
+		var artLocations, frameworkLocations []string
 		for _, m := range artModules {
-			bootLocations = append(bootLocations,
-				filepath.Join("/apex/com.android.art/javalib", stemOf(m)+".jar"))
+			artLocations = append(artLocations, filepath.Join("/"+artSubdir, stemOf(m)+".jar"))
+		}
+		for _, m := range frameworkModules {
+			frameworkLocations = append(frameworkLocations, filepath.Join("/"+frameworkSubdir, stemOf(m)+".jar"))
 		}
 
-		if !artApexJarsOnly {
-			nonFrameworkModules := concat(artModules, global.ProductUpdatableBootModules)
-			frameworkModules := android.RemoveListFromList(global.BootJars, nonFrameworkModules)
-			imageModules = concat(imageModules, frameworkModules)
+		// ART config for the primary boot image in the ART apex.
+		// It includes the Core Libraries.
+		artCfg := bootImageConfig{
+			extension:        false,
+			name:             artBootImageName,
+			stem:             "boot",
+			installSubdir:    artSubdir,
+			modules:          artModules,
+			dexLocations:     artLocations,
+			dexLocationsDeps: artLocations,
+		}
 
-			for _, m := range frameworkModules {
-				bootLocations = append(bootLocations,
-					filepath.Join("/system/framework", stemOf(m)+".jar"))
+		// Framework config for the boot image extension.
+		// It includes framework libraries and depends on the ART config.
+		frameworkCfg := bootImageConfig{
+			extension:        true,
+			name:             frameworkBootImageName,
+			stem:             "boot",
+			installSubdir:    frameworkSubdir,
+			modules:          frameworkModules,
+			dexLocations:     frameworkLocations,
+			dexLocationsDeps: append(artLocations, frameworkLocations...),
+		}
+
+		// Apex config for the  boot image used in the JIT-zygote experiment.
+		// It includes both the Core libraries and framework.
+		apexCfg := bootImageConfig{
+			extension:        false,
+			name:             apexBootImageName,
+			stem:             "apex",
+			installSubdir:    frameworkSubdir,
+			modules:          concat(artModules, frameworkModules),
+			dexLocations:     concat(artLocations, frameworkLocations),
+			dexLocationsDeps: concat(artLocations, frameworkLocations),
+		}
+
+		configs := map[string]*bootImageConfig{
+			artBootImageName:       &artCfg,
+			frameworkBootImageName: &frameworkCfg,
+			apexBootImageName:      &apexCfg,
+		}
+
+		// common to all configs
+		for _, c := range configs {
+			c.targets = targets
+
+			c.dir = deviceDir.Join(ctx, "dex_"+c.name+"jars")
+			c.symbolsDir = deviceDir.Join(ctx, "dex_"+c.name+"jars_unstripped")
+
+			// expands to <stem>.art for primary image and <stem>-<1st module>.art for extension
+			imageName := c.firstModuleNameOrStem() + ".art"
+
+			c.imageLocations = []string{c.dir.Join(ctx, c.installSubdir, imageName).String()}
+
+			// The path to bootclasspath dex files needs to be known at module
+			// GenerateAndroidBuildAction time, before the bootclasspath modules have been compiled.
+			// Set up known paths for them, the singleton rules will copy them there.
+			// TODO(b/143682396): use module dependencies instead
+			inputDir := deviceDir.Join(ctx, "dex_"+c.name+"jars_input")
+			for _, m := range c.modules {
+				c.dexPaths = append(c.dexPaths, inputDir.Join(ctx, stemOf(m)+".jar"))
+			}
+			c.dexPathsDeps = c.dexPaths
+
+			c.images = make(map[android.ArchType]android.OutputPath)
+			c.imagesDeps = make(map[android.ArchType]android.OutputPaths)
+
+			for _, target := range targets {
+				arch := target.Arch.ArchType
+				imageDir := c.dir.Join(ctx, c.installSubdir, arch.String())
+				c.images[arch] = imageDir.Join(ctx, imageName)
+				c.imagesDeps[arch] = c.moduleFiles(ctx, imageDir, ".art", ".oat", ".vdex")
 			}
 		}
 
-		// The path to bootclasspath dex files needs to be known at module GenerateAndroidBuildAction time, before
-		// the bootclasspath modules have been compiled.  Set up known paths for them, the singleton rules will copy
-		// them there.
-		// TODO(b/143682396): use module dependencies instead
-		var bootDexPaths android.WritablePaths
-		for _, m := range imageModules {
-			bootDexPaths = append(bootDexPaths,
-				android.PathForOutput(ctx, ctx.Config().DeviceName(), "dex_"+name+"jars_input", m+".jar"))
-		}
+		// specific to the framework config
+		frameworkCfg.dexPathsDeps = append(artCfg.dexPathsDeps, frameworkCfg.dexPathsDeps...)
+		frameworkCfg.imageLocations = append(artCfg.imageLocations, frameworkCfg.imageLocations...)
+		frameworkCfg.zip = frameworkCfg.dir.Join(ctx, frameworkCfg.stem+".zip")
 
-		dir := android.PathForOutput(ctx, ctx.Config().DeviceName(), "dex_"+name+"jars")
-		symbolsDir := android.PathForOutput(ctx, ctx.Config().DeviceName(), "dex_"+name+"jars_unstripped")
-
-		var zip android.WritablePath
-		if needZip {
-			zip = dir.Join(ctx, stem+".zip")
-		}
-
-		targets := dexpreoptTargets(ctx)
-
-		imageConfig := bootImageConfig{
-			name:         name,
-			stem:         stem,
-			modules:      imageModules,
-			dexLocations: bootLocations,
-			dexPaths:     bootDexPaths,
-			dir:          dir,
-			symbolsDir:   symbolsDir,
-			targets:      targets,
-			images:       make(map[android.ArchType]android.OutputPath),
-			imagesDeps:   make(map[android.ArchType]android.Paths),
-			zip:          zip,
-		}
-
-		for _, target := range targets {
-			imageDir := dir.Join(ctx, "system/framework", target.Arch.ArchType.String())
-			imageConfig.images[target.Arch.ArchType] = imageDir.Join(ctx, stem+".art")
-
-			imagesDeps := make([]android.Path, 0, len(imageConfig.modules)*3)
-			for _, dep := range imageConfig.moduleFiles(ctx, imageDir, ".art", ".oat", ".vdex") {
-				imagesDeps = append(imagesDeps, dep)
-			}
-			imageConfig.imagesDeps[target.Arch.ArchType] = imagesDeps
-		}
-
-		return imageConfig
-	}).(bootImageConfig)
+		return configs
+	}).(map[string]*bootImageConfig)
 }
 
-// Default config is the one that goes in the system image. It includes both libcore and framework.
-var defaultBootImageConfigKey = android.NewOnceKey("defaultBootImageConfig")
-
-func defaultBootImageConfig(ctx android.PathContext) bootImageConfig {
-	return getBootImageConfig(ctx, defaultBootImageConfigKey, "boot", "boot", true, false)
-}
-
-// Apex config is used for the JIT-zygote experiment. It includes both libcore and framework, but AOT-compiles only libcore.
-var apexBootImageConfigKey = android.NewOnceKey("apexBootImageConfig")
-
-func apexBootImageConfig(ctx android.PathContext) bootImageConfig {
-	return getBootImageConfig(ctx, apexBootImageConfigKey, "apex", "apex", false, false)
-}
-
-// ART config is the one used for the ART apex. It includes only libcore.
-var artBootImageConfigKey = android.NewOnceKey("artBootImageConfig")
-
 func artBootImageConfig(ctx android.PathContext) bootImageConfig {
-	return getBootImageConfig(ctx, artBootImageConfigKey, "art", "boot", false, true)
+	return *genBootImageConfigs(ctx)[artBootImageName]
+}
+
+func defaultBootImageConfig(ctx android.PathContext) bootImageConfig {
+	return *genBootImageConfigs(ctx)[frameworkBootImageName]
+}
+
+func apexBootImageConfig(ctx android.PathContext) bootImageConfig {
+	return *genBootImageConfigs(ctx)[apexBootImageName]
 }
 
 func defaultBootclasspath(ctx android.PathContext) []string {
 	return ctx.Config().OnceStringSlice(defaultBootclasspathKey, func() []string {
 		global := dexpreoptGlobalConfig(ctx)
 		image := defaultBootImageConfig(ctx)
-		bootclasspath := append(copyOf(image.dexLocations), global.ProductUpdatableBootLocations...)
+
+		updatableBootclasspath := make([]string, len(global.UpdatableBootJars))
+		for i, p := range global.UpdatableBootJars {
+			updatableBootclasspath[i] = dexpreopt.GetJarLocationFromApexJarPair(p)
+		}
+
+		bootclasspath := append(copyOf(image.dexLocationsDeps), updatableBootclasspath...)
 		return bootclasspath
 	})
 }
@@ -244,7 +274,7 @@
 
 func dexpreoptConfigMakevars(ctx android.MakeVarsContext) {
 	ctx.Strict("PRODUCT_BOOTCLASSPATH", strings.Join(defaultBootclasspath(ctx), ":"))
-	ctx.Strict("PRODUCT_DEX2OAT_BOOTCLASSPATH", strings.Join(defaultBootImageConfig(ctx).dexLocations, ":"))
+	ctx.Strict("PRODUCT_DEX2OAT_BOOTCLASSPATH", strings.Join(defaultBootImageConfig(ctx).dexLocationsDeps, ":"))
 	ctx.Strict("PRODUCT_SYSTEM_SERVER_CLASSPATH", strings.Join(systemServerClasspath(ctx), ":"))
 
 	ctx.Strict("DEXPREOPT_BOOT_JARS_MODULES", strings.Join(defaultBootImageConfig(ctx).modules, ":"))
diff --git a/java/droiddoc.go b/java/droiddoc.go
index 83a1ad5..16e6921 100644
--- a/java/droiddoc.go
+++ b/java/droiddoc.go
@@ -1979,26 +1979,6 @@
 	snapshotRelativeDir := filepath.Join("java", d.Name()+"_stubs_sources")
 	builder.UnzipToSnapshot(stubsSrcJar, snapshotRelativeDir)
 
-	name := d.Name()
-	bp := builder.AndroidBpFile()
-	bp.Printfln("prebuilt_stubs_sources {")
-	bp.Indent()
-	bp.Printfln("name: %q,", builder.VersionedSdkMemberName(name))
-	bp.Printfln("sdk_member_name: %q,", name)
-	bp.Printfln("srcs: [%q],", snapshotRelativeDir)
-	bp.Dedent()
-	bp.Printfln("}")
-	bp.Printfln("")
-
-	// This module is for the case when the source tree for the unversioned module
-	// doesn't exist (i.e. building in an unbundled tree). "prefer:" is set to false
-	// so that this module does not eclipse the unversioned module if it exists.
-	bp.Printfln("prebuilt_stubs_sources {")
-	bp.Indent()
-	bp.Printfln("name: %q,", name)
-	bp.Printfln("srcs: [%q],", snapshotRelativeDir)
-	bp.Printfln("prefer: false,")
-	bp.Dedent()
-	bp.Printfln("}")
-	bp.Printfln("")
+	pbm := builder.AddPrebuiltModule(sdkModuleContext.OtherModuleName(d), "prebuilt_stubs_sources")
+	pbm.AddProperty("srcs", []string{snapshotRelativeDir})
 }
diff --git a/java/java.go b/java/java.go
index d4f65ba..9c0fcba 100644
--- a/java/java.go
+++ b/java/java.go
@@ -145,6 +145,9 @@
 	// List of modules to use as annotation processors
 	Plugins []string
 
+	// List of modules to export to libraries that directly depend on this library as annotation processors
+	Exported_plugins []string
+
 	// The number of Java source entries each Javac instance can process
 	Javac_shard_size *int64
 
@@ -360,10 +363,16 @@
 	// manifest file to use instead of properties.Manifest
 	overrideManifest android.OptionalPath
 
-	// list of SDK lib names that this java moudule is exporting
+	// list of SDK lib names that this java module is exporting
 	exportedSdkLibs []string
 
-	// list of source files, collected from srcFiles with uniqie java and all kt files,
+	// list of plugins that this java module is exporting
+	exportedPluginJars android.Paths
+
+	// list of plugins that this java module is exporting
+	exportedPluginClasses []string
+
+	// list of source files, collected from srcFiles with unique java and all kt files,
 	// will be used by android.IDEInfo struct
 	expandIDEInfoCompiledSrcs []string
 
@@ -410,6 +419,7 @@
 	DexJar() android.Path
 	AidlIncludeDirs() android.Paths
 	ExportedSdkLibs() []string
+	ExportedPlugins() (android.Paths, []string)
 	SrcJarArgs() ([]string, android.Paths)
 	BaseModuleName() string
 }
@@ -452,6 +462,7 @@
 	libTag                = dependencyTag{name: "javalib"}
 	java9LibTag           = dependencyTag{name: "java9lib"}
 	pluginTag             = dependencyTag{name: "plugin"}
+	exportedPluginTag     = dependencyTag{name: "exported-plugin"}
 	bootClasspathTag      = dependencyTag{name: "bootclasspath"}
 	systemModulesTag      = dependencyTag{name: "system modules"}
 	frameworkResTag       = dependencyTag{name: "framework-res"}
@@ -561,6 +572,7 @@
 	ctx.AddVariationDependencies(nil, staticLibTag, j.properties.Static_libs...)
 
 	ctx.AddFarVariationDependencies(ctx.Config().BuildOSCommonTarget.Variations(), pluginTag, j.properties.Plugins...)
+	ctx.AddFarVariationDependencies(ctx.Config().BuildOSCommonTarget.Variations(), exportedPluginTag, j.properties.Exported_plugins...)
 
 	android.ProtoDeps(ctx, &j.protoProperties)
 	if j.hasSrcExt(".proto") {
@@ -677,7 +689,12 @@
 	javaPlatform
 )
 
-func getLinkType(m *Module, name string) (ret linkType, stubs bool) {
+type linkTypeContext interface {
+	android.Module
+	getLinkType(name string) (ret linkType, stubs bool)
+}
+
+func (m *Module) getLinkType(name string) (ret linkType, stubs bool) {
 	ver := m.sdkVersion()
 	switch {
 	case name == "core.current.stubs" || name == "core.platform.api.stubs" ||
@@ -708,16 +725,16 @@
 	}
 }
 
-func checkLinkType(ctx android.ModuleContext, from *Module, to *Library, tag dependencyTag) {
+func checkLinkType(ctx android.ModuleContext, from *Module, to linkTypeContext, tag dependencyTag) {
 	if ctx.Host() {
 		return
 	}
 
-	myLinkType, stubs := getLinkType(from, ctx.ModuleName())
+	myLinkType, stubs := from.getLinkType(ctx.ModuleName())
 	if stubs {
 		return
 	}
-	otherLinkType, _ := getLinkType(&to.Module, ctx.OtherModuleName(to))
+	otherLinkType, _ := to.getLinkType(ctx.OtherModuleName(to))
 	commonMessage := "Adjust sdk_version: property of the source or target module so that target module is built with the same or smaller API set than the source."
 
 	switch myLinkType {
@@ -774,11 +791,14 @@
 			// Handled by AndroidApp.collectAppDeps
 			return
 		}
-
-		if to, ok := module.(*Library); ok {
-			switch tag {
-			case bootClasspathTag, libTag, staticLibTag:
-				checkLinkType(ctx, j, to, tag.(dependencyTag))
+		switch module.(type) {
+		case *Library:
+		case *AndroidLibrary:
+			if to, ok := module.(linkTypeContext); ok {
+				switch tag {
+				case bootClasspathTag, libTag, staticLibTag:
+					checkLinkType(ctx, j, to, tag.(dependencyTag))
+				}
 			}
 		}
 		switch dep := module.(type) {
@@ -800,6 +820,8 @@
 				// sdk lib names from dependencies are re-exported
 				j.exportedSdkLibs = append(j.exportedSdkLibs, dep.ExportedSdkLibs()...)
 				deps.aidlIncludeDirs = append(deps.aidlIncludeDirs, dep.AidlIncludeDirs()...)
+				pluginJars, pluginClasses := dep.ExportedPlugins()
+				addPlugins(&deps, pluginJars, pluginClasses...)
 			case java9LibTag:
 				deps.java9Classpath = append(deps.java9Classpath, dep.HeaderJars()...)
 			case staticLibTag:
@@ -810,16 +832,31 @@
 				// sdk lib names from dependencies are re-exported
 				j.exportedSdkLibs = append(j.exportedSdkLibs, dep.ExportedSdkLibs()...)
 				deps.aidlIncludeDirs = append(deps.aidlIncludeDirs, dep.AidlIncludeDirs()...)
+				pluginJars, pluginClasses := dep.ExportedPlugins()
+				addPlugins(&deps, pluginJars, pluginClasses...)
 			case pluginTag:
 				if plugin, ok := dep.(*Plugin); ok {
-					deps.processorPath = append(deps.processorPath, dep.ImplementationAndResourcesJars()...)
 					if plugin.pluginProperties.Processor_class != nil {
-						deps.processorClasses = append(deps.processorClasses, *plugin.pluginProperties.Processor_class)
+						addPlugins(&deps, plugin.ImplementationAndResourcesJars(), *plugin.pluginProperties.Processor_class)
+					} else {
+						addPlugins(&deps, plugin.ImplementationAndResourcesJars())
 					}
 					deps.disableTurbine = deps.disableTurbine || Bool(plugin.pluginProperties.Generates_api)
 				} else {
 					ctx.PropertyErrorf("plugins", "%q is not a java_plugin module", otherName)
 				}
+			case exportedPluginTag:
+				if plugin, ok := dep.(*Plugin); ok {
+					if plugin.pluginProperties.Generates_api != nil && *plugin.pluginProperties.Generates_api {
+						ctx.PropertyErrorf("exported_plugins", "Cannot export plugins with generates_api = true, found %v", otherName)
+					}
+					j.exportedPluginJars = append(j.exportedPluginJars, plugin.ImplementationAndResourcesJars()...)
+					if plugin.pluginProperties.Processor_class != nil {
+						j.exportedPluginClasses = append(j.exportedPluginClasses, *plugin.pluginProperties.Processor_class)
+					}
+				} else {
+					ctx.PropertyErrorf("exported_plugins", "%q is not a java_plugin module", otherName)
+				}
 			case frameworkApkTag:
 				if ctx.ModuleName() == "android_stubs_current" ||
 					ctx.ModuleName() == "android_system_stubs_current" ||
@@ -875,6 +912,11 @@
 	return deps
 }
 
+func addPlugins(deps *deps, pluginJars android.Paths, pluginClasses ...string) {
+	deps.processorPath = append(deps.processorPath, pluginJars...)
+	deps.processorClasses = append(deps.processorClasses, pluginClasses...)
+}
+
 func getJavaVersion(ctx android.ModuleContext, javaVersion string, sdkContext sdkContext) javaVersion {
 	v := sdkContext.sdkVersion()
 	// For PDK builds, use the latest SDK version instead of "current"
@@ -1569,6 +1611,10 @@
 	return j.exportedSdkLibs
 }
 
+func (j *Module) ExportedPlugins() (android.Paths, []string) {
+	return j.exportedPluginJars, j.exportedPluginClasses
+}
+
 func (j *Module) SrcJarArgs() ([]string, android.Paths) {
 	return j.srcJarArgs, j.srcJarDeps
 }
@@ -1691,28 +1737,8 @@
 		}
 	}
 
-	name := j.Name()
-	bp := builder.AndroidBpFile()
-	bp.Printfln("java_import {")
-	bp.Indent()
-	bp.Printfln("name: %q,", builder.VersionedSdkMemberName(name))
-	bp.Printfln("sdk_member_name: %q,", name)
-	bp.Printfln("jars: [%q],", snapshotRelativeJavaLibPath)
-	bp.Dedent()
-	bp.Printfln("}")
-	bp.Printfln("")
-
-	// This module is for the case when the source tree for the unversioned module
-	// doesn't exist (i.e. building in an unbundled tree). "prefer:" is set to false
-	// so that this module does not eclipse the unversioned module if it exists.
-	bp.Printfln("java_import {")
-	bp.Indent()
-	bp.Printfln("name: %q,", name)
-	bp.Printfln("jars: [%q],", snapshotRelativeJavaLibPath)
-	bp.Printfln("prefer: false,")
-	bp.Dedent()
-	bp.Printfln("}")
-	bp.Printfln("")
+	module := builder.AddPrebuiltModule(sdkModuleContext.OtherModuleName(j), "java_import")
+	module.AddProperty("jars", []string{snapshotRelativeJavaLibPath})
 }
 
 // java_library builds and links sources into a `.jar` file for the device, and possibly for the host as well.
@@ -2143,6 +2169,10 @@
 	return j.exportedSdkLibs
 }
 
+func (j *Import) ExportedPlugins() (android.Paths, []string) {
+	return nil, nil
+}
+
 func (j *Import) SrcJarArgs() ([]string, android.Paths) {
 	return nil, nil
 }
diff --git a/java/java_test.go b/java/java_test.go
index 71aba3a..dc498a4 100644
--- a/java/java_test.go
+++ b/java/java_test.go
@@ -63,38 +63,38 @@
 func testContext(bp string, fs map[string][]byte) *android.TestContext {
 
 	ctx := android.NewTestArchContext()
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("android_app", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(AndroidAppFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("android_app_certificate", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(AndroidAppCertificateFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("android_app_import", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(AndroidAppImportFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("android_library", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(AndroidLibraryFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("android_test", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(AndroidTestFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("android_test_helper_app", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(AndroidTestHelperAppFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("android_test_import", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(AndroidTestImportFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("java_binary", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(BinaryFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("java_binary_host", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(BinaryHostFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("java_device_for_host", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(DeviceForHostFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("java_host_for_device", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(HostForDeviceFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("java_library", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(LibraryFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("java_library_host", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(LibraryHostFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("java_test", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(TestFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("java_import", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(ImportFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("java_import_host", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(ImportFactoryHost))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("java_defaults", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(defaultsFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("java_system_modules", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(SystemModulesFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("java_genrule", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(genRuleFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("java_plugin", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(PluginFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("dex_import", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(DexImportFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("filegroup", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(android.FileGroupFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("genrule", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(genrule.GenRuleFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("droiddoc", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(DroiddocFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("droiddoc_host", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(DroiddocHostFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("droiddoc_template", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(ExportedDroiddocDirFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("prebuilt_stubs_sources", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(PrebuiltStubsSourcesFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("java_sdk_library", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(SdkLibraryFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("java_sdk_library_import", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(sdkLibraryImportFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("override_android_app", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(OverrideAndroidAppModuleFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("override_android_test", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(OverrideAndroidTestModuleFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("prebuilt_apis", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(PrebuiltApisFactory))
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("android_app", AndroidAppFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("android_app_certificate", AndroidAppCertificateFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("android_app_import", AndroidAppImportFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("android_library", AndroidLibraryFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("android_test", AndroidTestFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("android_test_helper_app", AndroidTestHelperAppFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("android_test_import", AndroidTestImportFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("java_binary", BinaryFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("java_binary_host", BinaryHostFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("java_device_for_host", DeviceForHostFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("java_host_for_device", HostForDeviceFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("java_library", LibraryFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("java_library_host", LibraryHostFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("java_test", TestFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("java_import", ImportFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("java_import_host", ImportFactoryHost)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("java_defaults", defaultsFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("java_system_modules", SystemModulesFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("java_genrule", genRuleFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("java_plugin", PluginFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("dex_import", DexImportFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("filegroup", android.FileGroupFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("genrule", genrule.GenRuleFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("droiddoc", DroiddocFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("droiddoc_host", DroiddocHostFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("droiddoc_template", ExportedDroiddocDirFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("prebuilt_stubs_sources", PrebuiltStubsSourcesFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("java_sdk_library", SdkLibraryFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("java_sdk_library_import", sdkLibraryImportFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("override_android_app", OverrideAndroidAppModuleFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("override_android_test", OverrideAndroidTestModuleFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("prebuilt_apis", PrebuiltApisFactory)
 	ctx.PreArchMutators(android.RegisterPrebuiltsPreArchMutators)
 	ctx.PreArchMutators(android.RegisterPrebuiltsPostDepsMutators)
 	ctx.PreArchMutators(android.RegisterDefaultsPreArchMutators)
@@ -106,11 +106,11 @@
 	ctx.RegisterPreSingletonType("sdk_versions", android.SingletonFactoryAdaptor(sdkPreSingletonFactory))
 
 	// Register module types and mutators from cc needed for JNI testing
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("cc_library", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(cc.LibraryFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("cc_object", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(cc.ObjectFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("toolchain_library", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(cc.ToolchainLibraryFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("llndk_library", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(cc.LlndkLibraryFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("ndk_prebuilt_shared_stl", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(cc.NdkPrebuiltSharedStlFactory))
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("cc_library", cc.LibraryFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("cc_object", cc.ObjectFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("toolchain_library", cc.ToolchainLibraryFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("llndk_library", cc.LlndkLibraryFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("ndk_prebuilt_shared_stl", cc.NdkPrebuiltSharedStlFactory)
 	ctx.PreDepsMutators(func(ctx android.RegisterMutatorsContext) {
 		ctx.BottomUp("link", cc.LinkageMutator).Parallel()
 		ctx.BottomUp("begin", cc.BeginMutator).Parallel()
@@ -332,6 +332,89 @@
 	}
 }
 
+func TestExportedPlugins(t *testing.T) {
+	type Result struct {
+		library    string
+		processors string
+	}
+	var tests = []struct {
+		name    string
+		extra   string
+		results []Result
+	}{
+		{
+			name:    "Exported plugin is not a direct plugin",
+			extra:   `java_library { name: "exports", srcs: ["a.java"], exported_plugins: ["plugin"] }`,
+			results: []Result{{library: "exports", processors: "-proc:none"}},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "Exports plugin to dependee",
+			extra: `
+				java_library{name: "exports", exported_plugins: ["plugin"]}
+				java_library{name: "foo", srcs: ["a.java"], libs: ["exports"]}
+				java_library{name: "bar", srcs: ["a.java"], static_libs: ["exports"]}
+			`,
+			results: []Result{
+				{library: "foo", processors: "-processor com.android.TestPlugin"},
+				{library: "bar", processors: "-processor com.android.TestPlugin"},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "Exports plugin to android_library",
+			extra: `
+				java_library{name: "exports", exported_plugins: ["plugin"]}
+				android_library{name: "foo", srcs: ["a.java"],  libs: ["exports"]}
+				android_library{name: "bar", srcs: ["a.java"], static_libs: ["exports"]}
+			`,
+			results: []Result{
+				{library: "foo", processors: "-processor com.android.TestPlugin"},
+				{library: "bar", processors: "-processor com.android.TestPlugin"},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "Exports plugin is not propagated via transitive deps",
+			extra: `
+				java_library{name: "exports", exported_plugins: ["plugin"]}
+				java_library{name: "foo", srcs: ["a.java"], libs: ["exports"]}
+				java_library{name: "bar", srcs: ["a.java"], static_libs: ["foo"]}
+			`,
+			results: []Result{
+				{library: "foo", processors: "-processor com.android.TestPlugin"},
+				{library: "bar", processors: "-proc:none"},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "Exports plugin appends to plugins",
+			extra: `
+                java_plugin{name: "plugin2", processor_class: "com.android.TestPlugin2"}
+				java_library{name: "exports", exported_plugins: ["plugin"]}
+				java_library{name: "foo", srcs: ["a.java"], libs: ["exports"], plugins: ["plugin2"]}
+			`,
+			results: []Result{
+				{library: "foo", processors: "-processor com.android.TestPlugin,com.android.TestPlugin2"},
+			},
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, test := range tests {
+		t.Run(test.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			ctx, _ := testJava(t, `
+				java_plugin {
+					name: "plugin",
+					processor_class: "com.android.TestPlugin",
+				}
+			`+test.extra)
+
+			for _, want := range test.results {
+				javac := ctx.ModuleForTests(want.library, "android_common").Rule("javac")
+				if javac.Args["processor"] != want.processors {
+					t.Errorf("For library %v, expected %v, found %v", want.library, want.processors, javac.Args["processor"])
+				}
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
 func TestSdkVersionByPartition(t *testing.T) {
 	testJavaError(t, "sdk_version must have a value when the module is located at vendor or product", `
 		java_library {
diff --git a/python/python_test.go b/python/python_test.go
index e5fe126..ba5e7fa 100644
--- a/python/python_test.go
+++ b/python/python_test.go
@@ -332,12 +332,9 @@
 			ctx.PreDepsMutators(func(ctx android.RegisterMutatorsContext) {
 				ctx.BottomUp("version_split", versionSplitMutator()).Parallel()
 			})
-			ctx.RegisterModuleType("python_library_host",
-				android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(PythonLibraryHostFactory))
-			ctx.RegisterModuleType("python_binary_host",
-				android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(PythonBinaryHostFactory))
-			ctx.RegisterModuleType("python_defaults",
-				android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(defaultsFactory))
+			ctx.RegisterModuleType("python_library_host", PythonLibraryHostFactory)
+			ctx.RegisterModuleType("python_binary_host", PythonBinaryHostFactory)
+			ctx.RegisterModuleType("python_defaults", defaultsFactory)
 			ctx.PreArchMutators(android.RegisterDefaultsPreArchMutators)
 			ctx.Register()
 			ctx.MockFileSystem(d.mockFiles)
diff --git a/python/tests/par_test.py b/python/tests/par_test.py
index 1fafe0f..56a5063 100644
--- a/python/tests/par_test.py
+++ b/python/tests/par_test.py
@@ -44,6 +44,13 @@
 assert_equal("sys.path[1]", sys.path[1], os.path.join(archive, "internal"))
 assert_equal("sys.path[2]", sys.path[2], os.path.join(archive, "internal", "stdlib"))
 
+if os.getenv('ARGTEST', False):
+    assert_equal("len(sys.argv)", len(sys.argv), 3)
+    assert_equal("sys.argv[1]", sys.argv[1], "--arg1")
+    assert_equal("sys.argv[2]", sys.argv[2], "arg2")
+else:
+    assert_equal("len(sys.argv)", len(sys.argv), 1)
+
 if failed:
     sys.exit(1)
 
diff --git a/python/tests/runtest.sh b/python/tests/runtest.sh
index 1ecdebc..21187ed 100755
--- a/python/tests/runtest.sh
+++ b/python/tests/runtest.sh
@@ -36,8 +36,12 @@
 PYTHONHOME=/usr $ANDROID_HOST_OUT/nativetest64/par_test/par_test
 PYTHONPATH=/usr $ANDROID_HOST_OUT/nativetest64/par_test/par_test
 
+ARGTEST=true $ANDROID_HOST_OUT/nativetest64/par_test/par_test --arg1 arg2
+
 PYTHONHOME= PYTHONPATH= $ANDROID_HOST_OUT/nativetest64/par_test3/par_test3
 PYTHONHOME=/usr $ANDROID_HOST_OUT/nativetest64/par_test3/par_test3
 PYTHONPATH=/usr $ANDROID_HOST_OUT/nativetest64/par_test3/par_test3
 
+ARGTEST=true $ANDROID_HOST_OUT/nativetest64/par_test3/par_test3 --arg1 arg2
+
 echo "Passed!"
diff --git a/rust/androidmk.go b/rust/androidmk.go
index edd5c5f..2636d97 100644
--- a/rust/androidmk.go
+++ b/rust/androidmk.go
@@ -90,11 +90,7 @@
 func (test *testDecorator) AndroidMk(ctx AndroidMkContext, ret *android.AndroidMkData) {
 	test.binaryDecorator.AndroidMk(ctx, ret)
 	ret.Class = "NATIVE_TESTS"
-	stem := String(test.baseCompiler.Properties.Stem)
-	if stem != "" && !strings.HasSuffix(ctx.Name(), "_"+stem) {
-		// Avoid repeated suffix in the module name.
-		ret.SubName = "_" + stem
-	}
+	ret.SubName = test.getMutatedModuleSubName(ctx.Name())
 	ret.Extra = append(ret.Extra, func(w io.Writer, outputFile android.Path) {
 		if len(test.Properties.Test_suites) > 0 {
 			fmt.Fprintln(w, "LOCAL_COMPATIBILITY_SUITE :=",
diff --git a/rust/rust.go b/rust/rust.go
index 096f7b6..a3266f7 100644
--- a/rust/rust.go
+++ b/rust/rust.go
@@ -77,6 +77,25 @@
 	outputFile       android.OptionalPath
 }
 
+var _ android.ImageInterface = (*Module)(nil)
+
+func (mod *Module) ImageMutatorBegin(ctx android.BaseModuleContext) {}
+
+func (mod *Module) CoreVariantNeeded(ctx android.BaseModuleContext) bool {
+	return true
+}
+
+func (mod *Module) RecoveryVariantNeeded(android.BaseModuleContext) bool {
+	return mod.InRecovery()
+}
+
+func (mod *Module) ExtraImageVariations(android.BaseModuleContext) []string {
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (c *Module) SetImageVariation(ctx android.BaseModuleContext, variant string, module android.Module) {
+}
+
 func (mod *Module) BuildStubs() bool {
 	return false
 }
@@ -687,7 +706,7 @@
 		blueprint.Variation{Mutator: "version", Variation: ""})
 	if !mod.Host() {
 		commonDepVariations = append(commonDepVariations,
-			blueprint.Variation{Mutator: "image", Variation: "core"})
+			blueprint.Variation{Mutator: "image", Variation: android.CoreVariation})
 	}
 
 	actx.AddVariationDependencies(
diff --git a/rust/test.go b/rust/test.go
index cb64e8f..b391103 100644
--- a/rust/test.go
+++ b/rust/test.go
@@ -69,15 +69,28 @@
 	return append(test.binaryDecorator.compilerProps(), &test.Properties)
 }
 
+func (test *testDecorator) getMutatedModuleSubName(moduleName string) string {
+	stem := String(test.baseCompiler.Properties.Stem)
+	if stem != "" && !strings.HasSuffix(moduleName, "_"+stem) {
+		// Avoid repeated suffix in the module name.
+		return "_" + stem
+	}
+	return ""
+}
+
 func (test *testDecorator) install(ctx ModuleContext, file android.Path) {
 	name := ctx.ModuleName() // default executable name
-	if stem := String(test.baseCompiler.Properties.Stem); stem != "" {
-		name = stem
+	if ctx.Device() {        // on device, use mutated module name
+		name = name + test.getMutatedModuleSubName(name)
+	} else { // on host, use stem name in relative_install_path
+		if stem := String(test.baseCompiler.Properties.Stem); stem != "" {
+			name = stem
+		}
+		if path := test.baseCompiler.relativeInstallPath(); path != "" {
+			name = path + "/" + name
+		}
 	}
-	if path := test.baseCompiler.relativeInstallPath(); path != "" {
-		name = path + "/" + name
-	}
-	test.testConfig = tradefed.AutoGenRustHostTestConfig(ctx, name,
+	test.testConfig = tradefed.AutoGenRustTestConfig(ctx, name,
 		test.Properties.Test_config,
 		test.Properties.Test_config_template,
 		test.Properties.Test_suites,
diff --git a/rust/testing.go b/rust/testing.go
index 24defa6..45dbbbd 100644
--- a/rust/testing.go
+++ b/rust/testing.go
@@ -164,28 +164,28 @@
 
 func CreateTestContext(bp string) *android.TestContext {
 	ctx := android.NewTestArchContext()
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("cc_library", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(cc.LibraryFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("cc_object", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(cc.ObjectFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("rust_binary", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(RustBinaryFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("rust_binary_host", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(RustBinaryHostFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("rust_test", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(RustTestFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("rust_test_host", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(RustTestHostFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("rust_library", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(RustLibraryFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("rust_library_host", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(RustLibraryHostFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("rust_library_host_rlib", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(RustLibraryRlibHostFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("rust_library_host_dylib", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(RustLibraryDylibHostFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("rust_library_rlib", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(RustLibraryRlibFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("rust_library_dylib", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(RustLibraryDylibFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("rust_library_shared", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(RustLibrarySharedFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("rust_library_static", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(RustLibraryStaticFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("rust_library_host_shared", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(RustLibrarySharedHostFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("rust_library_host_static", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(RustLibraryStaticHostFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("rust_proc_macro", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(ProcMacroFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("rust_prebuilt_dylib", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(PrebuiltDylibFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("toolchain_library", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(cc.ToolchainLibraryFactory))
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("cc_library", cc.LibraryFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("cc_object", cc.ObjectFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("rust_binary", RustBinaryFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("rust_binary_host", RustBinaryHostFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("rust_test", RustTestFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("rust_test_host", RustTestHostFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("rust_library", RustLibraryFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("rust_library_host", RustLibraryHostFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("rust_library_host_rlib", RustLibraryRlibHostFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("rust_library_host_dylib", RustLibraryDylibHostFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("rust_library_rlib", RustLibraryRlibFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("rust_library_dylib", RustLibraryDylibFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("rust_library_shared", RustLibrarySharedFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("rust_library_static", RustLibraryStaticFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("rust_library_host_shared", RustLibrarySharedHostFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("rust_library_host_static", RustLibraryStaticHostFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("rust_proc_macro", ProcMacroFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("rust_prebuilt_dylib", PrebuiltDylibFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("toolchain_library", cc.ToolchainLibraryFactory)
 	ctx.PreDepsMutators(func(ctx android.RegisterMutatorsContext) {
 		// cc mutators
-		ctx.BottomUp("image", cc.ImageMutator).Parallel()
+		ctx.BottomUp("image", android.ImageMutator).Parallel()
 		ctx.BottomUp("link", cc.LinkageMutator).Parallel()
 		ctx.BottomUp("version", cc.VersionMutator).Parallel()
 		ctx.BottomUp("begin", cc.BeginMutator).Parallel()
diff --git a/sdk/bp.go b/sdk/bp.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..19fb70d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sdk/bp.go
@@ -0,0 +1,141 @@
+// Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package sdk
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+
+	"android/soong/android"
+)
+
+type bpPropertySet struct {
+	properties map[string]interface{}
+	order      []string
+}
+
+var _ android.BpPropertySet = (*bpPropertySet)(nil)
+
+func (s *bpPropertySet) init() {
+	s.properties = make(map[string]interface{})
+}
+
+func (s *bpPropertySet) AddProperty(name string, value interface{}) {
+	if s.properties[name] != nil {
+		panic("Property %q already exists in property set")
+	}
+
+	s.properties[name] = value
+	s.order = append(s.order, name)
+}
+
+func (s *bpPropertySet) AddPropertySet(name string) android.BpPropertySet {
+	set := &bpPropertySet{}
+	set.init()
+	s.AddProperty(name, set)
+	return set
+}
+
+func (s *bpPropertySet) getValue(name string) interface{} {
+	return s.properties[name]
+}
+
+func (s *bpPropertySet) copy() bpPropertySet {
+	propertiesCopy := make(map[string]interface{})
+	for p, v := range s.properties {
+		propertiesCopy[p] = v
+	}
+
+	return bpPropertySet{
+		properties: propertiesCopy,
+		order:      append([]string(nil), s.order...),
+	}
+}
+
+func (s *bpPropertySet) setProperty(name string, value interface{}) {
+	if s.properties[name] == nil {
+		s.AddProperty(name, value)
+	} else {
+		s.properties[name] = value
+	}
+}
+
+func (s *bpPropertySet) insertAfter(position string, name string, value interface{}) {
+	if s.properties[name] != nil {
+		panic("Property %q already exists in property set")
+	}
+
+	// Add the name to the end of the order, to ensure it has necessary capacity
+	// and to handle the case when the position does not exist.
+	s.order = append(s.order, name)
+
+	// Search through the order for the item that matches supplied position. If
+	// found then insert the name of the new property after it.
+	for i, v := range s.order {
+		if v == position {
+			// Copy the items after the one where the new property should be inserted.
+			copy(s.order[i+2:], s.order[i+1:])
+			// Insert the item in the list.
+			s.order[i+1] = name
+		}
+	}
+
+	s.properties[name] = value
+}
+
+type bpModule struct {
+	bpPropertySet
+	moduleType string
+}
+
+var _ android.BpModule = (*bpModule)(nil)
+
+func (m *bpModule) copy() *bpModule {
+	return &bpModule{
+		bpPropertySet: m.bpPropertySet.copy(),
+		moduleType:    m.moduleType,
+	}
+}
+
+// A .bp file
+type bpFile struct {
+	modules map[string]*bpModule
+	order   []*bpModule
+}
+
+// Add a module.
+//
+// The module must have had its "name" property set to a string value that
+// is unique within this file.
+func (f *bpFile) AddModule(module android.BpModule) {
+	m := module.(*bpModule)
+	if name, ok := m.getValue("name").(string); ok {
+		if f.modules[name] != nil {
+			panic(fmt.Sprintf("Module %q already exists in bp file", name))
+		}
+
+		f.modules[name] = m
+		f.order = append(f.order, m)
+	} else {
+		panic("Module does not have a name property, or it is not a string")
+	}
+}
+
+func (f *bpFile) newModule(moduleType string) *bpModule {
+	module := &bpModule{
+		moduleType: moduleType,
+	}
+	(&module.bpPropertySet).init()
+	return module
+}
diff --git a/sdk/sdk.go b/sdk/sdk.go
index ed2f26c..431ace9 100644
--- a/sdk/sdk.go
+++ b/sdk/sdk.go
@@ -44,6 +44,9 @@
 	properties sdkProperties
 
 	snapshotFile android.OptionalPath
+
+	// The builder, preserved for testing.
+	builderForTests *snapshotBuilder
 }
 
 type sdkProperties struct {
@@ -85,27 +88,6 @@
 	return s.properties.Snapshot
 }
 
-func (s *sdk) frozenVersions(ctx android.BaseModuleContext) []string {
-	if s.snapshot() {
-		panic(fmt.Errorf("frozenVersions() called for sdk_snapshot %q", ctx.ModuleName()))
-	}
-	versions := []string{}
-	ctx.WalkDeps(func(child android.Module, parent android.Module) bool {
-		depTag := ctx.OtherModuleDependencyTag(child)
-		if depTag == sdkMemberDepTag {
-			return true
-		}
-		if versionedDepTag, ok := depTag.(sdkMemberVesionedDepTag); ok {
-			v := versionedDepTag.version
-			if v != "current" && !android.InList(v, versions) {
-				versions = append(versions, versionedDepTag.version)
-			}
-		}
-		return false
-	})
-	return android.SortedUniqueStrings(versions)
-}
-
 func (s *sdk) GenerateAndroidBuildActions(ctx android.ModuleContext) {
 	if !s.snapshot() {
 		// We don't need to create a snapshot out of sdk_snapshot.
@@ -187,7 +169,7 @@
 					version = cc.LatestStubsVersionFor(mctx.Config(), name)
 				}
 				mctx.AddFarVariationDependencies(append(target.Variations(), []blueprint.Variation{
-					{Mutator: "image", Variation: "core"},
+					{Mutator: "image", Variation: android.CoreVariation},
 					{Mutator: "link", Variation: "shared"},
 					{Mutator: "version", Variation: version},
 				}...), sdkMemberDepTag, name)
diff --git a/sdk/sdk_test.go b/sdk/sdk_test.go
index 99192be..5435ef6 100644
--- a/sdk/sdk_test.go
+++ b/sdk/sdk_test.go
@@ -42,22 +42,22 @@
 	})
 
 	// from java package
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("android_app_certificate", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(java.AndroidAppCertificateFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("java_library", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(java.LibraryFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("java_import", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(java.ImportFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("droidstubs", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(java.DroidstubsFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("prebuilt_stubs_sources", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(java.PrebuiltStubsSourcesFactory))
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("android_app_certificate", java.AndroidAppCertificateFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("java_library", java.LibraryFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("java_import", java.ImportFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("droidstubs", java.DroidstubsFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("prebuilt_stubs_sources", java.PrebuiltStubsSourcesFactory)
 
 	// from cc package
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("cc_library", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(cc.LibraryFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("cc_library_shared", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(cc.LibrarySharedFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("cc_object", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(cc.ObjectFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("cc_prebuilt_library_shared", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(cc.PrebuiltSharedLibraryFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("cc_prebuilt_library_static", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(cc.PrebuiltStaticLibraryFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("llndk_library", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(cc.LlndkLibraryFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("toolchain_library", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(cc.ToolchainLibraryFactory))
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("cc_library", cc.LibraryFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("cc_library_shared", cc.LibrarySharedFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("cc_object", cc.ObjectFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("cc_prebuilt_library_shared", cc.PrebuiltSharedLibraryFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("cc_prebuilt_library_static", cc.PrebuiltStaticLibraryFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("llndk_library", cc.LlndkLibraryFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("toolchain_library", cc.ToolchainLibraryFactory)
 	ctx.PreDepsMutators(func(ctx android.RegisterMutatorsContext) {
-		ctx.BottomUp("image", cc.ImageMutator).Parallel()
+		ctx.BottomUp("image", android.ImageMutator).Parallel()
 		ctx.BottomUp("link", cc.LinkageMutator).Parallel()
 		ctx.BottomUp("vndk", cc.VndkMutator).Parallel()
 		ctx.BottomUp("test_per_src", cc.TestPerSrcMutator).Parallel()
@@ -66,13 +66,13 @@
 	})
 
 	// from apex package
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("apex", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(apex.BundleFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("apex_key", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(apex.ApexKeyFactory))
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("apex", apex.BundleFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("apex_key", apex.ApexKeyFactory)
 	ctx.PostDepsMutators(apex.RegisterPostDepsMutators)
 
 	// from this package
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("sdk", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(ModuleFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("sdk_snapshot", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(SnapshotModuleFactory))
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("sdk", ModuleFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("sdk_snapshot", SnapshotModuleFactory)
 	ctx.PreDepsMutators(RegisterPreDepsMutators)
 	ctx.PostDepsMutators(RegisterPostDepsMutators)
 
@@ -139,22 +139,6 @@
 	t.Fatalf("missing expected error %q (0 errors are returned)", pattern)
 }
 
-// ensure that 'result' contains 'expected'
-func ensureContains(t *testing.T, result string, expected string) {
-	t.Helper()
-	if !strings.Contains(result, expected) {
-		t.Errorf("%q is not found in %q", expected, result)
-	}
-}
-
-// ensures that 'result' does not contain 'notExpected'
-func ensureNotContains(t *testing.T, result string, notExpected string) {
-	t.Helper()
-	if strings.Contains(result, notExpected) {
-		t.Errorf("%q is found in %q", notExpected, result)
-	}
-}
-
 func ensureListContains(t *testing.T, result []string, expected string) {
 	t.Helper()
 	if !android.InList(expected, result) {
@@ -162,13 +146,6 @@
 	}
 }
 
-func ensureListNotContains(t *testing.T, result []string, notExpected string) {
-	t.Helper()
-	if android.InList(notExpected, result) {
-		t.Errorf("%q is found in %v", notExpected, result)
-	}
-}
-
 func pathsToStrings(paths android.Paths) []string {
 	ret := []string{}
 	for _, p := range paths {
@@ -491,9 +468,92 @@
 		}
 	`)
 
+	sdk := ctx.ModuleForTests("mysdk", "android_common").Module().(*sdk)
+
+	checkSnapshotAndroidBpContents(t, sdk, `// This is auto-generated. DO NOT EDIT.
+
+java_import {
+    name: "mysdk_myjavalib@current",
+    sdk_member_name: "myjavalib",
+    jars: ["java/myjavalib.jar"],
+}
+
+java_import {
+    name: "myjavalib",
+    prefer: false,
+    jars: ["java/myjavalib.jar"],
+}
+
+prebuilt_stubs_sources {
+    name: "mysdk_myjavaapistubs@current",
+    sdk_member_name: "myjavaapistubs",
+    srcs: ["java/myjavaapistubs_stubs_sources"],
+}
+
+prebuilt_stubs_sources {
+    name: "myjavaapistubs",
+    prefer: false,
+    srcs: ["java/myjavaapistubs_stubs_sources"],
+}
+
+cc_prebuilt_library_shared {
+    name: "mysdk_mynativelib@current",
+    sdk_member_name: "mynativelib",
+    arch: {
+        arm64: {
+            srcs: ["arm64/lib/mynativelib.so"],
+            export_include_dirs: [
+                "arm64/include/include",
+                "arm64/include_gen/mynativelib",
+            ],
+        },
+        arm: {
+            srcs: ["arm/lib/mynativelib.so"],
+            export_include_dirs: [
+                "arm/include/include",
+                "arm/include_gen/mynativelib",
+            ],
+        },
+    },
+    stl: "none",
+    system_shared_libs: [],
+}
+
+cc_prebuilt_library_shared {
+    name: "mynativelib",
+    prefer: false,
+    arch: {
+        arm64: {
+            srcs: ["arm64/lib/mynativelib.so"],
+            export_include_dirs: [
+                "arm64/include/include",
+                "arm64/include_gen/mynativelib",
+            ],
+        },
+        arm: {
+            srcs: ["arm/lib/mynativelib.so"],
+            export_include_dirs: [
+                "arm/include/include",
+                "arm/include_gen/mynativelib",
+            ],
+        },
+    },
+    stl: "none",
+    system_shared_libs: [],
+}
+
+sdk_snapshot {
+    name: "mysdk@current",
+    java_libs: ["mysdk_myjavalib@current"],
+    stubs_sources: ["mysdk_myjavaapistubs@current"],
+    native_shared_libs: ["mysdk_mynativelib@current"],
+}
+
+`)
+
 	var copySrcs []string
 	var copyDests []string
-	buildParams := ctx.ModuleForTests("mysdk", "android_common").Module().BuildParamsForTests()
+	buildParams := sdk.BuildParamsForTests()
 	var zipBp android.BuildParams
 	for _, bp := range buildParams {
 		ruleString := bp.Rule.String()
@@ -536,6 +596,209 @@
 	}
 }
 
+func TestHostSnapshot(t *testing.T) {
+	// b/145598135 - Generating host snapshots for anything other than linux is not supported.
+	SkipIfNotLinux(t)
+
+	ctx, config := testSdk(t, `
+		sdk {
+			name: "mysdk",
+			device_supported: false,
+			host_supported: true,
+			java_libs: ["myjavalib"],
+			native_shared_libs: ["mynativelib"],
+			stubs_sources: ["myjavaapistubs"],
+		}
+
+		java_library {
+			name: "myjavalib",
+			device_supported: false,
+			host_supported: true,
+			srcs: ["Test.java"],
+			aidl: {
+				export_include_dirs: ["aidl"],
+			},
+			system_modules: "none",
+			sdk_version: "none",
+			compile_dex: true,
+		}
+
+		cc_library_shared {
+			name: "mynativelib",
+			device_supported: false,
+			host_supported: true,
+			srcs: [
+				"Test.cpp",
+				"aidl/foo/bar/Test.aidl",
+			],
+			export_include_dirs: ["include"],
+			aidl: {
+				export_aidl_headers: true,
+			},
+			system_shared_libs: [],
+			stl: "none",
+		}
+
+		droidstubs {
+			name: "myjavaapistubs",
+			device_supported: false,
+			host_supported: true,
+			srcs: ["foo/bar/Foo.java"],
+			system_modules: "none",
+			sdk_version: "none",
+		}
+	`)
+
+	sdk := ctx.ModuleForTests("mysdk", "linux_glibc_common").Module().(*sdk)
+
+	checkSnapshotAndroidBpContents(t, sdk, `// This is auto-generated. DO NOT EDIT.
+
+java_import {
+    name: "mysdk_myjavalib@current",
+    sdk_member_name: "myjavalib",
+    device_supported: false,
+    host_supported: true,
+    jars: ["java/myjavalib.jar"],
+}
+
+java_import {
+    name: "myjavalib",
+    prefer: false,
+    device_supported: false,
+    host_supported: true,
+    jars: ["java/myjavalib.jar"],
+}
+
+prebuilt_stubs_sources {
+    name: "mysdk_myjavaapistubs@current",
+    sdk_member_name: "myjavaapistubs",
+    device_supported: false,
+    host_supported: true,
+    srcs: ["java/myjavaapistubs_stubs_sources"],
+}
+
+prebuilt_stubs_sources {
+    name: "myjavaapistubs",
+    prefer: false,
+    device_supported: false,
+    host_supported: true,
+    srcs: ["java/myjavaapistubs_stubs_sources"],
+}
+
+cc_prebuilt_library_shared {
+    name: "mysdk_mynativelib@current",
+    sdk_member_name: "mynativelib",
+    device_supported: false,
+    host_supported: true,
+    arch: {
+        x86_64: {
+            srcs: ["x86_64/lib/mynativelib.so"],
+            export_include_dirs: [
+                "x86_64/include/include",
+                "x86_64/include_gen/mynativelib",
+            ],
+        },
+        x86: {
+            srcs: ["x86/lib/mynativelib.so"],
+            export_include_dirs: [
+                "x86/include/include",
+                "x86/include_gen/mynativelib",
+            ],
+        },
+    },
+    stl: "none",
+    system_shared_libs: [],
+}
+
+cc_prebuilt_library_shared {
+    name: "mynativelib",
+    prefer: false,
+    device_supported: false,
+    host_supported: true,
+    arch: {
+        x86_64: {
+            srcs: ["x86_64/lib/mynativelib.so"],
+            export_include_dirs: [
+                "x86_64/include/include",
+                "x86_64/include_gen/mynativelib",
+            ],
+        },
+        x86: {
+            srcs: ["x86/lib/mynativelib.so"],
+            export_include_dirs: [
+                "x86/include/include",
+                "x86/include_gen/mynativelib",
+            ],
+        },
+    },
+    stl: "none",
+    system_shared_libs: [],
+}
+
+sdk_snapshot {
+    name: "mysdk@current",
+    device_supported: false,
+    host_supported: true,
+    java_libs: ["mysdk_myjavalib@current"],
+    stubs_sources: ["mysdk_myjavaapistubs@current"],
+    native_shared_libs: ["mysdk_mynativelib@current"],
+}
+
+`)
+
+	var copySrcs []string
+	var copyDests []string
+	buildParams := sdk.BuildParamsForTests()
+	var zipBp android.BuildParams
+	for _, bp := range buildParams {
+		ruleString := bp.Rule.String()
+		if ruleString == "android/soong/android.Cp" {
+			copySrcs = append(copySrcs, bp.Input.String())
+			copyDests = append(copyDests, bp.Output.Rel()) // rooted at the snapshot root
+		} else if ruleString == "<local rule>:m.mysdk_linux_glibc_common.snapshot" {
+			zipBp = bp
+		}
+	}
+
+	buildDir := config.BuildDir()
+	ensureListContains(t, copySrcs, "aidl/foo/bar/Test.aidl")
+	ensureListContains(t, copySrcs, "include/Test.h")
+	ensureListContains(t, copySrcs, filepath.Join(buildDir, ".intermediates/mynativelib/linux_glibc_x86_64_shared/gen/aidl/aidl/foo/bar/BnTest.h"))
+	ensureListContains(t, copySrcs, filepath.Join(buildDir, ".intermediates/mynativelib/linux_glibc_x86_64_shared/gen/aidl/aidl/foo/bar/BpTest.h"))
+	ensureListContains(t, copySrcs, filepath.Join(buildDir, ".intermediates/mynativelib/linux_glibc_x86_64_shared/gen/aidl/aidl/foo/bar/Test.h"))
+	ensureListContains(t, copySrcs, filepath.Join(buildDir, ".intermediates/myjavalib/linux_glibc_common/javac/myjavalib.jar"))
+	ensureListContains(t, copySrcs, filepath.Join(buildDir, ".intermediates/mynativelib/linux_glibc_x86_64_shared/mynativelib.so"))
+
+	ensureListContains(t, copyDests, "aidl/aidl/foo/bar/Test.aidl")
+	ensureListContains(t, copyDests, "x86_64/include/include/Test.h")
+	ensureListContains(t, copyDests, "x86_64/include_gen/mynativelib/aidl/foo/bar/BnTest.h")
+	ensureListContains(t, copyDests, "x86_64/include_gen/mynativelib/aidl/foo/bar/BpTest.h")
+	ensureListContains(t, copyDests, "x86_64/include_gen/mynativelib/aidl/foo/bar/Test.h")
+	ensureListContains(t, copyDests, "java/myjavalib.jar")
+	ensureListContains(t, copyDests, "x86_64/lib/mynativelib.so")
+
+	// Ensure that the droidstubs .srcjar as repackaged into a temporary zip file
+	// and then merged together with the intermediate snapshot zip.
+	snapshotCreationInputs := zipBp.Implicits.Strings()
+	ensureListContains(t, snapshotCreationInputs,
+		filepath.Join(buildDir, ".intermediates/mysdk/linux_glibc_common/tmp/java/myjavaapistubs_stubs_sources.zip"))
+	ensureListContains(t, snapshotCreationInputs,
+		filepath.Join(buildDir, ".intermediates/mysdk/linux_glibc_common/mysdk-current.unmerged.zip"))
+	actual := zipBp.Output.String()
+	expected := filepath.Join(buildDir, ".intermediates/mysdk/linux_glibc_common/mysdk-current.zip")
+	if actual != expected {
+		t.Errorf("Expected snapshot output to be %q but was %q", expected, actual)
+	}
+}
+
+func checkSnapshotAndroidBpContents(t *testing.T, s *sdk, expectedContents string) {
+	t.Helper()
+	androidBpContents := strings.NewReplacer("\\n", "\n").Replace(s.GetAndroidBpContentsForTests())
+	if androidBpContents != expectedContents {
+		t.Errorf("Android.bp contents do not match, expected %s, actual %s", expectedContents, androidBpContents)
+	}
+}
+
 var buildDir string
 
 func setUp() {
@@ -560,3 +823,10 @@
 
 	os.Exit(run())
 }
+
+func SkipIfNotLinux(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Helper()
+	if android.BuildOs != android.Linux {
+		t.Skipf("Skipping as sdk snapshot generation is only supported on %s not %s", android.Linux, android.BuildOs)
+	}
+}
diff --git a/sdk/update.go b/sdk/update.go
index 7daede3..8159d3b 100644
--- a/sdk/update.go
+++ b/sdk/update.go
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 import (
 	"fmt"
 	"path/filepath"
+	"reflect"
 	"strings"
 
 	"github.com/google/blueprint/proptools"
@@ -28,34 +29,37 @@
 
 var pctx = android.NewPackageContext("android/soong/sdk")
 
-// generatedFile abstracts operations for writing contents into a file and emit a build rule
-// for the file.
-type generatedFile struct {
-	path        android.OutputPath
+type generatedContents struct {
 	content     strings.Builder
 	indentLevel int
 }
 
+// generatedFile abstracts operations for writing contents into a file and emit a build rule
+// for the file.
+type generatedFile struct {
+	generatedContents
+	path android.OutputPath
+}
+
 func newGeneratedFile(ctx android.ModuleContext, path ...string) *generatedFile {
 	return &generatedFile{
-		path:        android.PathForModuleOut(ctx, path...).OutputPath,
-		indentLevel: 0,
+		path: android.PathForModuleOut(ctx, path...).OutputPath,
 	}
 }
 
-func (gf *generatedFile) Indent() {
-	gf.indentLevel++
+func (gc *generatedContents) Indent() {
+	gc.indentLevel++
 }
 
-func (gf *generatedFile) Dedent() {
-	gf.indentLevel--
+func (gc *generatedContents) Dedent() {
+	gc.indentLevel--
 }
 
-func (gf *generatedFile) Printfln(format string, args ...interface{}) {
+func (gc *generatedContents) Printfln(format string, args ...interface{}) {
 	// ninja consumes newline characters in rspfile_content. Prevent it by
 	// escaping the backslash in the newline character. The extra backslash
 	// is removed when the rspfile is written to the actual script file
-	fmt.Fprintf(&(gf.content), strings.Repeat("    ", gf.indentLevel)+format+"\\n", args...)
+	fmt.Fprintf(&(gc.content), strings.Repeat("    ", gc.indentLevel)+format+"\\n", args...)
 }
 
 func (gf *generatedFile) build(pctx android.PackageContext, ctx android.BuilderContext, implicits android.Paths) {
@@ -239,16 +243,21 @@
 	snapshotDir := android.PathForModuleOut(ctx, "snapshot")
 
 	bp := newGeneratedFile(ctx, "snapshot", "Android.bp")
-	bp.Printfln("// This is auto-generated. DO NOT EDIT.")
-	bp.Printfln("")
+
+	bpFile := &bpFile{
+		modules: make(map[string]*bpModule),
+	}
 
 	builder := &snapshotBuilder{
-		ctx:           ctx,
-		version:       "current",
-		snapshotDir:   snapshotDir.OutputPath,
-		filesToZip:    []android.Path{bp.path},
-		androidBpFile: bp,
+		ctx:             ctx,
+		sdk:             s,
+		version:         "current",
+		snapshotDir:     snapshotDir.OutputPath,
+		filesToZip:      []android.Path{bp.path},
+		bpFile:          bpFile,
+		prebuiltModules: make(map[string]*bpModule),
 	}
+	s.builderForTests = builder
 
 	// copy exported AIDL files and stub jar files
 	javaLibs := s.javaLibs(ctx)
@@ -268,41 +277,38 @@
 		buildSharedNativeLibSnapshot(ctx, info, builder)
 	}
 
-	// generate Android.bp
+	for _, unversioned := range builder.prebuiltOrder {
+		// Copy the unversioned module so it can be modified to make it versioned.
+		versioned := unversioned.copy()
+		name := versioned.properties["name"].(string)
+		versioned.setProperty("name", builder.versionedSdkMemberName(name))
+		versioned.insertAfter("name", "sdk_member_name", name)
+		bpFile.AddModule(versioned)
 
-	bp.Printfln("sdk_snapshot {")
-	bp.Indent()
-	bp.Printfln("name: %q,", ctx.ModuleName()+string(android.SdkVersionSeparator)+builder.version)
-	if len(javaLibs) > 0 {
-		bp.Printfln("java_libs: [")
-		bp.Indent()
-		for _, m := range javaLibs {
-			bp.Printfln("%q,", builder.VersionedSdkMemberName(m.Name()))
-		}
-		bp.Dedent()
-		bp.Printfln("],") // java_libs
+		// Set prefer: false - this is not strictly required as that is the default.
+		unversioned.insertAfter("name", "prefer", false)
+		bpFile.AddModule(unversioned)
 	}
-	if len(stubsSources) > 0 {
-		bp.Printfln("stubs_sources: [")
-		bp.Indent()
-		for _, m := range stubsSources {
-			bp.Printfln("%q,", builder.VersionedSdkMemberName(m.Name()))
-		}
-		bp.Dedent()
-		bp.Printfln("],") // stubs_sources
+
+	// Create the snapshot module.
+	snapshotName := ctx.ModuleName() + string(android.SdkVersionSeparator) + builder.version
+	snapshotModule := bpFile.newModule("sdk_snapshot")
+	snapshotModule.AddProperty("name", snapshotName)
+	addHostDeviceSupportedProperties(&s.ModuleBase, snapshotModule)
+	if len(s.properties.Java_libs) > 0 {
+		snapshotModule.AddProperty("java_libs", builder.versionedSdkMemberNames(s.properties.Java_libs))
 	}
-	if len(nativeLibInfos) > 0 {
-		bp.Printfln("native_shared_libs: [")
-		bp.Indent()
-		for _, info := range nativeLibInfos {
-			bp.Printfln("%q,", builder.VersionedSdkMemberName(info.name))
-		}
-		bp.Dedent()
-		bp.Printfln("],") // native_shared_libs
+	if len(s.properties.Stubs_sources) > 0 {
+		snapshotModule.AddProperty("stubs_sources", builder.versionedSdkMemberNames(s.properties.Stubs_sources))
 	}
-	bp.Dedent()
-	bp.Printfln("}") // sdk_snapshot
-	bp.Printfln("")
+	if len(s.properties.Native_shared_libs) > 0 {
+		snapshotModule.AddProperty("native_shared_libs", builder.versionedSdkMemberNames(s.properties.Native_shared_libs))
+	}
+	bpFile.AddModule(snapshotModule)
+
+	// generate Android.bp
+	bp = newGeneratedFile(ctx, "snapshot", "Android.bp")
+	generateBpContents(&bp.generatedContents, bpFile)
 
 	bp.build(pctx, ctx, nil)
 
@@ -350,6 +356,63 @@
 	return outputZipFile
 }
 
+func generateBpContents(contents *generatedContents, bpFile *bpFile) {
+	contents.Printfln("// This is auto-generated. DO NOT EDIT.")
+	for _, bpModule := range bpFile.order {
+		contents.Printfln("")
+		contents.Printfln("%s {", bpModule.moduleType)
+		outputPropertySet(contents, &bpModule.bpPropertySet)
+		contents.Printfln("}")
+	}
+	contents.Printfln("")
+}
+
+func outputPropertySet(contents *generatedContents, set *bpPropertySet) {
+	contents.Indent()
+	for _, name := range set.order {
+		value := set.properties[name]
+
+		reflectedValue := reflect.ValueOf(value)
+		t := reflectedValue.Type()
+
+		kind := t.Kind()
+		switch kind {
+		case reflect.Slice:
+			length := reflectedValue.Len()
+			if length > 1 {
+				contents.Printfln("%s: [", name)
+				contents.Indent()
+				for i := 0; i < length; i = i + 1 {
+					contents.Printfln("%q,", reflectedValue.Index(i).Interface())
+				}
+				contents.Dedent()
+				contents.Printfln("],")
+			} else if length == 0 {
+				contents.Printfln("%s: [],", name)
+			} else {
+				contents.Printfln("%s: [%q],", name, reflectedValue.Index(0).Interface())
+			}
+		case reflect.Bool:
+			contents.Printfln("%s: %t,", name, reflectedValue.Bool())
+
+		case reflect.Ptr:
+			contents.Printfln("%s: {", name)
+			outputPropertySet(contents, reflectedValue.Interface().(*bpPropertySet))
+			contents.Printfln("},")
+
+		default:
+			contents.Printfln("%s: %q,", name, value)
+		}
+	}
+	contents.Dedent()
+}
+
+func (s *sdk) GetAndroidBpContentsForTests() string {
+	contents := &generatedContents{}
+	generateBpContents(contents, s.builderForTests.bpFile)
+	return contents.content.String()
+}
+
 func buildSharedNativeLibSnapshot(ctx android.ModuleContext, info *nativeLibInfo, builder android.SnapshotBuilder) {
 	// a function for emitting include dirs
 	printExportedDirCopyCommandsForNativeLibs := func(lib archSpecificNativeLibInfo) {
@@ -401,66 +464,58 @@
 		}
 	}
 
-	bp := builder.AndroidBpFile()
-	bp.Printfln("cc_prebuilt_library_shared {")
-	bp.Indent()
-	bp.Printfln("name: %q,", builder.VersionedSdkMemberName(info.name))
-	bp.Printfln("sdk_member_name: %q,", info.name)
+	info.generatePrebuiltLibrary(ctx, builder)
+}
+
+func (info *nativeLibInfo) generatePrebuiltLibrary(ctx android.ModuleContext, builder android.SnapshotBuilder) {
 
 	// a function for emitting include dirs
-	printExportedDirsForNativeLibs := func(lib archSpecificNativeLibInfo, systemInclude bool) {
+	addExportedDirsForNativeLibs := func(lib archSpecificNativeLibInfo, properties android.BpPropertySet, systemInclude bool) {
 		includeDirs := nativeIncludeDirPathsFor(ctx, lib, systemInclude, info.hasArchSpecificFlags)
 		if len(includeDirs) == 0 {
 			return
 		}
+		var propertyName string
 		if !systemInclude {
-			bp.Printfln("export_include_dirs: [")
+			propertyName = "export_include_dirs"
 		} else {
-			bp.Printfln("export_system_include_dirs: [")
+			propertyName = "export_system_include_dirs"
 		}
-		bp.Indent()
-		for _, dir := range includeDirs {
-			bp.Printfln("%q,", dir)
-		}
-		bp.Dedent()
-		bp.Printfln("],")
+		properties.AddProperty(propertyName, includeDirs)
 	}
 
+	pbm := builder.AddPrebuiltModule(info.name, "cc_prebuilt_library_shared")
+
 	if !info.hasArchSpecificFlags {
-		printExportedDirsForNativeLibs(info.archVariants[0], false /*systemInclude*/)
-		printExportedDirsForNativeLibs(info.archVariants[0], true /*systemInclude*/)
+		addExportedDirsForNativeLibs(info.archVariants[0], pbm, false /*systemInclude*/)
+		addExportedDirsForNativeLibs(info.archVariants[0], pbm, true /*systemInclude*/)
 	}
 
-	bp.Printfln("arch: {")
-	bp.Indent()
+	archProperties := pbm.AddPropertySet("arch")
 	for _, av := range info.archVariants {
-		bp.Printfln("%s: {", av.archType)
-		bp.Indent()
-		bp.Printfln("srcs: [%q],", nativeStubFilePathFor(av))
+		archTypeProperties := archProperties.AddPropertySet(av.archType)
+		archTypeProperties.AddProperty("srcs", []string{nativeStubFilePathFor(av)})
 		if info.hasArchSpecificFlags {
 			// export_* properties are added inside the arch: {<arch>: {...}} block
-			printExportedDirsForNativeLibs(av, false /*systemInclude*/)
-			printExportedDirsForNativeLibs(av, true /*systemInclude*/)
+			addExportedDirsForNativeLibs(av, archTypeProperties, false /*systemInclude*/)
+			addExportedDirsForNativeLibs(av, archTypeProperties, true /*systemInclude*/)
 		}
-		bp.Dedent()
-		bp.Printfln("},") // <arch>
 	}
-	bp.Dedent()
-	bp.Printfln("},") // arch
-	bp.Printfln("stl: \"none\",")
-	bp.Printfln("system_shared_libs: [],")
-	bp.Dedent()
-	bp.Printfln("}") // cc_prebuilt_library_shared
-	bp.Printfln("")
+	pbm.AddProperty("stl", "none")
+	pbm.AddProperty("system_shared_libs", []string{})
 }
 
 type snapshotBuilder struct {
-	ctx           android.ModuleContext
-	version       string
-	snapshotDir   android.OutputPath
-	androidBpFile *generatedFile
-	filesToZip    android.Paths
-	zipsToMerge   android.Paths
+	ctx         android.ModuleContext
+	sdk         *sdk
+	version     string
+	snapshotDir android.OutputPath
+	bpFile      *bpFile
+	filesToZip  android.Paths
+	zipsToMerge android.Paths
+
+	prebuiltModules map[string]*bpModule
+	prebuiltOrder   []*bpModule
 }
 
 func (s *snapshotBuilder) CopyToSnapshot(src android.Path, dest string) {
@@ -492,10 +547,38 @@
 	s.zipsToMerge = append(s.zipsToMerge, tmpZipPath)
 }
 
-func (s *snapshotBuilder) AndroidBpFile() android.GeneratedSnapshotFile {
-	return s.androidBpFile
+func (s *snapshotBuilder) AddPrebuiltModule(name string, moduleType string) android.BpModule {
+	if s.prebuiltModules[name] != nil {
+		panic(fmt.Sprintf("Duplicate module detected, module %s has already been added", name))
+	}
+
+	m := s.bpFile.newModule(moduleType)
+	m.AddProperty("name", name)
+	addHostDeviceSupportedProperties(&s.sdk.ModuleBase, m)
+
+	s.prebuiltModules[name] = m
+	s.prebuiltOrder = append(s.prebuiltOrder, m)
+	return m
 }
 
-func (s *snapshotBuilder) VersionedSdkMemberName(unversionedName string) interface{} {
+func addHostDeviceSupportedProperties(module *android.ModuleBase, bpModule *bpModule) {
+	if !module.DeviceSupported() {
+		bpModule.AddProperty("device_supported", false)
+	}
+	if module.HostSupported() {
+		bpModule.AddProperty("host_supported", true)
+	}
+}
+
+// Get a versioned name appropriate for the SDK snapshot version being taken.
+func (s *snapshotBuilder) versionedSdkMemberName(unversionedName string) string {
 	return versionedSdkMemberName(s.ctx, unversionedName, s.version)
 }
+
+func (s *snapshotBuilder) versionedSdkMemberNames(members []string) []string {
+	var references []string = nil
+	for _, m := range members {
+		references = append(references, s.versionedSdkMemberName(m))
+	}
+	return references
+}
diff --git a/sysprop/sysprop_test.go b/sysprop/sysprop_test.go
index 6b4337a..5e0eb35 100644
--- a/sysprop/sysprop_test.go
+++ b/sysprop/sysprop_test.go
@@ -56,9 +56,9 @@
 	fs map[string][]byte) *android.TestContext {
 
 	ctx := android.NewTestArchContext()
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("android_app", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(java.AndroidAppFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("java_library", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(java.LibraryFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("java_system_modules", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(java.SystemModulesFactory))
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("android_app", java.AndroidAppFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("java_library", java.LibraryFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("java_system_modules", java.SystemModulesFactory)
 	ctx.PreArchMutators(android.RegisterPrebuiltsPreArchMutators)
 	ctx.PreArchMutators(android.RegisterPrebuiltsPostDepsMutators)
 	ctx.PreArchMutators(android.RegisterDefaultsPreArchMutators)
@@ -66,14 +66,14 @@
 		ctx.BottomUp("sysprop_deps", syspropDepsMutator).Parallel()
 	})
 
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("cc_library", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(cc.LibraryFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("cc_library_headers", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(cc.LibraryHeaderFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("cc_library_static", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(cc.LibraryFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("cc_object", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(cc.ObjectFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("llndk_library", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(cc.LlndkLibraryFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("toolchain_library", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(cc.ToolchainLibraryFactory))
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("cc_library", cc.LibraryFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("cc_library_headers", cc.LibraryHeaderFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("cc_library_static", cc.LibraryFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("cc_object", cc.ObjectFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("llndk_library", cc.LlndkLibraryFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("toolchain_library", cc.ToolchainLibraryFactory)
 	ctx.PreDepsMutators(func(ctx android.RegisterMutatorsContext) {
-		ctx.BottomUp("image", cc.ImageMutator).Parallel()
+		ctx.BottomUp("image", android.ImageMutator).Parallel()
 		ctx.BottomUp("link", cc.LinkageMutator).Parallel()
 		ctx.BottomUp("vndk", cc.VndkMutator).Parallel()
 		ctx.BottomUp("version", cc.VersionMutator).Parallel()
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@
 		ctx.BottomUp("sysprop", cc.SyspropMutator).Parallel()
 	})
 
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("sysprop_library", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(syspropLibraryFactory))
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("sysprop_library", syspropLibraryFactory)
 
 	ctx.Register()
 
diff --git a/tradefed/autogen.go b/tradefed/autogen.go
index 905acfa..c35d8b9 100644
--- a/tradefed/autogen.go
+++ b/tradefed/autogen.go
@@ -197,11 +197,14 @@
 	return path
 }
 
-func AutoGenRustHostTestConfig(ctx android.ModuleContext, name string, testConfigProp *string,
+func AutoGenRustTestConfig(ctx android.ModuleContext, name string, testConfigProp *string,
 	testConfigTemplateProp *string, testSuites []string, autoGenConfig *bool) android.Path {
 	path, autogenPath := testConfigPath(ctx, testConfigProp, testSuites, autoGenConfig)
 	if autogenPath != nil {
 		templatePathString := "${RustHostTestConfigTemplate}"
+		if ctx.Device() {
+			templatePathString = "${RustDeviceTestConfigTemplate}"
+		}
 		templatePath := getTestConfigTemplate(ctx, testConfigTemplateProp)
 		if templatePath.Valid() {
 			templatePathString = templatePath.String()
diff --git a/tradefed/config.go b/tradefed/config.go
index 8249ffe..a289073 100644
--- a/tradefed/config.go
+++ b/tradefed/config.go
@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@
 	pctx.SourcePathVariable("NativeHostTestConfigTemplate", "build/make/core/native_host_test_config_template.xml")
 	pctx.SourcePathVariable("NativeTestConfigTemplate", "build/make/core/native_test_config_template.xml")
 	pctx.SourcePathVariable("PythonBinaryHostTestConfigTemplate", "build/make/core/python_binary_host_test_config_template.xml")
+	pctx.SourcePathVariable("RustDeviceTestConfigTemplate", "build/make/core/rust_device_test_config_template.xml")
 	pctx.SourcePathVariable("RustHostTestConfigTemplate", "build/make/core/rust_host_test_config_template.xml")
 
 	pctx.SourcePathVariable("EmptyTestConfig", "build/make/core/empty_test_config.xml")
diff --git a/tradefed/makevars.go b/tradefed/makevars.go
index e6b88ea..d4cf7a8 100644
--- a/tradefed/makevars.go
+++ b/tradefed/makevars.go
@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@
 	ctx.Strict("NATIVE_HOST_TEST_CONFIG_TEMPLATE", "${NativeHostTestConfigTemplate}")
 	ctx.Strict("NATIVE_TEST_CONFIG_TEMPLATE", "${NativeTestConfigTemplate}")
 	ctx.Strict("PYTHON_BINARY_HOST_TEST_CONFIG_TEMPLATE", "${PythonBinaryHostTestConfigTemplate}")
+	ctx.Strict("RUST_DEVICE_TEST_CONFIG_TEMPLATE", "${RustDeviceTestConfigTemplate}")
 	ctx.Strict("RUST_HOST_TEST_CONFIG_TEMPLATE", "${RustHostTestConfigTemplate}")
 
 	ctx.Strict("EMPTY_TEST_CONFIG", "${EmptyTestConfig}")
diff --git a/ui/build/build.go b/ui/build/build.go
index 6a19314..7dfb900 100644
--- a/ui/build/build.go
+++ b/ui/build/build.go
@@ -33,6 +33,15 @@
 	// can be parsed as ninja output.
 	ensureEmptyFileExists(ctx, filepath.Join(config.OutDir(), "ninja_build"))
 	ensureEmptyFileExists(ctx, filepath.Join(config.OutDir(), ".out-dir"))
+
+	if buildDateTimeFile, ok := config.environ.Get("BUILD_DATETIME_FILE"); ok {
+		err := ioutil.WriteFile(buildDateTimeFile, []byte(config.buildDateTime), 0777)
+		if err != nil {
+			ctx.Fatalln("Failed to write BUILD_DATETIME to file:", err)
+		}
+	} else {
+		ctx.Fatalln("Missing BUILD_DATETIME_FILE")
+	}
 }
 
 var combinedBuildNinjaTemplate = template.Must(template.New("combined").Parse(`
diff --git a/ui/build/cleanbuild.go b/ui/build/cleanbuild.go
index 1dbeb26..0b44b4d 100644
--- a/ui/build/cleanbuild.go
+++ b/ui/build/cleanbuild.go
@@ -97,6 +97,7 @@
 		hostOut("sdk_addon"),
 		hostOut("testcases"),
 		hostOut("vts"),
+		hostOut("vts-core"),
 		productOut("*.img"),
 		productOut("*.zip"),
 		productOut("android-info.txt"),
diff --git a/ui/build/config.go b/ui/build/config.go
index 876bfe0..565f033 100644
--- a/ui/build/config.go
+++ b/ui/build/config.go
@@ -15,7 +15,6 @@
 package build
 
 import (
-	"io/ioutil"
 	"os"
 	"path/filepath"
 	"runtime"
@@ -30,10 +29,11 @@
 
 type configImpl struct {
 	// From the environment
-	arguments []string
-	goma      bool
-	environ   *Environment
-	distDir   string
+	arguments     []string
+	goma          bool
+	environ       *Environment
+	distDir       string
+	buildDateTime string
 
 	// From the arguments
 	parallel   int
@@ -244,18 +244,14 @@
 
 	outDir := ret.OutDir()
 	buildDateTimeFile := filepath.Join(outDir, "build_date.txt")
-	var content string
 	if buildDateTime, ok := ret.environ.Get("BUILD_DATETIME"); ok && buildDateTime != "" {
-		content = buildDateTime
+		ret.buildDateTime = buildDateTime
 	} else {
-		content = strconv.FormatInt(time.Now().Unix(), 10)
+		ret.buildDateTime = strconv.FormatInt(time.Now().Unix(), 10)
 	}
+
 	if ctx.Metrics != nil {
-		ctx.Metrics.SetBuildDateTime(content)
-	}
-	err := ioutil.WriteFile(buildDateTimeFile, []byte(content), 0777)
-	if err != nil {
-		ctx.Fatalln("Failed to write BUILD_DATETIME to file:", err)
+		ctx.Metrics.SetBuildDateTime(ret.buildDateTime)
 	}
 	ret.environ.Set("BUILD_DATETIME_FILE", buildDateTimeFile)
 
diff --git a/ui/status/log.go b/ui/status/log.go
index 9090f49..d407248 100644
--- a/ui/status/log.go
+++ b/ui/status/log.go
@@ -180,12 +180,12 @@
 func (e *errorProtoLog) Flush() {
 	data, err := proto.Marshal(&e.errorProto)
 	if err != nil {
-		e.log.Println("Failed to marshal build status proto: %v", err)
+		e.log.Printf("Failed to marshal build status proto: %v\n", err)
 		return
 	}
 	err = ioutil.WriteFile(e.filename, []byte(data), 0644)
 	if err != nil {
-		e.log.Println("Failed to write file %s: %v", e.errorProto, err)
+		e.log.Printf("Failed to write file %s: %v\n", e.filename, err)
 	}
 }
 
diff --git a/xml/xml_test.go b/xml/xml_test.go
index f2a440f..0a11566 100644
--- a/xml/xml_test.go
+++ b/xml/xml_test.go
@@ -50,8 +50,8 @@
 func testXml(t *testing.T, bp string) *android.TestContext {
 	config := android.TestArchConfig(buildDir, nil)
 	ctx := android.NewTestArchContext()
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("prebuilt_etc", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(android.PrebuiltEtcFactory))
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("prebuilt_etc_xml", android.ModuleFactoryAdaptor(PrebuiltEtcXmlFactory))
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("prebuilt_etc", android.PrebuiltEtcFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("prebuilt_etc_xml", PrebuiltEtcXmlFactory)
 	ctx.Register()
 	mockFiles := map[string][]byte{
 		"Android.bp": []byte(bp),