diff --git a/java/aar.go b/java/aar.go
index 29e86e6..01bd103 100644
--- a/java/aar.go
+++ b/java/aar.go
@@ -31,10 +31,9 @@
 type AndroidLibraryDependency interface {
 	LibraryDependency
 	ExportPackage() android.Path
-	ExportedRRODirs() []rroDir
-	ExportedStaticPackages() android.Paths
-	ExportedManifests() android.Paths
-	ExportedAssets() android.OptionalPath
+	ResourcesNodeDepSet() *android.DepSet[*resourcesNode]
+	RRODirsDepSet() *android.DepSet[rroDir]
+	ManifestsDepSet() *android.DepSet[android.Path]
 	SetRROEnforcedForDependent(enforce bool)
 	IsRROEnforced(ctx android.BaseModuleContext) bool
 }
@@ -94,30 +93,32 @@
 }
 
 type aapt struct {
-	aaptSrcJar              android.Path
-	exportPackage           android.Path
-	manifestPath            android.Path
-	transitiveManifestPaths android.Paths
-	proguardOptionsFile     android.Path
-	rroDirs                 []rroDir
-	rTxt                    android.Path
-	extraAaptPackagesFile   android.Path
-	mergedManifestFile      android.Path
-	noticeFile              android.OptionalPath
-	assetPackage            android.OptionalPath
-	isLibrary               bool
-	defaultManifestVersion  string
-	useEmbeddedNativeLibs   bool
-	useEmbeddedDex          bool
-	usesNonSdkApis          bool
-	hasNoCode               bool
-	LoggingParent           string
-	resourceFiles           android.Paths
+	aaptSrcJar             android.Path
+	exportPackage          android.Path
+	manifestPath           android.Path
+	proguardOptionsFile    android.Path
+	rTxt                   android.Path
+	extraAaptPackagesFile  android.Path
+	mergedManifestFile     android.Path
+	noticeFile             android.OptionalPath
+	assetPackage           android.OptionalPath
+	isLibrary              bool
+	defaultManifestVersion string
+	useEmbeddedNativeLibs  bool
+	useEmbeddedDex         bool
+	usesNonSdkApis         bool
+	hasNoCode              bool
+	LoggingParent          string
+	resourceFiles          android.Paths
 
 	splitNames []string
 	splits     []split
 
 	aaptProperties aaptProperties
+
+	resourcesNodesDepSet *android.DepSet[*resourcesNode]
+	rroDirsDepSet        *android.DepSet[rroDir]
+	manifestsDepSet      *android.DepSet[android.Path]
 }
 
 type split struct {
@@ -141,17 +142,16 @@
 func (a *aapt) ExportPackage() android.Path {
 	return a.exportPackage
 }
-
-func (a *aapt) ExportedRRODirs() []rroDir {
-	return a.rroDirs
+func (a *aapt) ResourcesNodeDepSet() *android.DepSet[*resourcesNode] {
+	return a.resourcesNodesDepSet
 }
 
-func (a *aapt) ExportedManifests() android.Paths {
-	return a.transitiveManifestPaths
+func (a *aapt) RRODirsDepSet() *android.DepSet[rroDir] {
+	return a.rroDirsDepSet
 }
 
-func (a *aapt) ExportedAssets() android.OptionalPath {
-	return a.assetPackage
+func (a *aapt) ManifestsDepSet() *android.DepSet[android.Path] {
+	return a.manifestsDepSet
 }
 
 func (a *aapt) SetRROEnforcedForDependent(enforce bool) {
@@ -291,7 +291,7 @@
 	classLoaderContexts dexpreopt.ClassLoaderContextMap, excludedLibs []string,
 	enforceDefaultTargetSdkVersion bool, extraLinkFlags ...string) {
 
-	transitiveStaticLibs, transitiveStaticLibManifests, staticRRODirs, assetPackages, libDeps, libFlags :=
+	staticResourcesNodesDepSet, staticRRODirsDepSet, staticManifestsDepSet, sharedDeps, libFlags :=
 		aaptLibs(ctx, sdkContext, classLoaderContexts)
 
 	// Exclude any libraries from the supplied list.
@@ -314,13 +314,20 @@
 		EnforceDefaultTargetSdkVersion: enforceDefaultTargetSdkVersion,
 	})
 
+	staticDeps := transitiveAarDeps(staticResourcesNodesDepSet.ToList())
+
 	// Add additional manifest files to transitive manifests.
 	additionalManifests := android.PathsForModuleSrc(ctx, a.aaptProperties.Additional_manifests)
-	a.transitiveManifestPaths = append(android.Paths{manifestPath}, additionalManifests...)
-	a.transitiveManifestPaths = append(a.transitiveManifestPaths, transitiveStaticLibManifests...)
+	transitiveManifestPaths := append(android.Paths{manifestPath}, additionalManifests...)
+	// TODO(b/288358614): Soong has historically not merged manifests from dependencies of android_library_import
+	// modules.  Merging manifests from dependencies could remove the need for pom2bp to generate the "-nodeps" copies
+	// of androidx libraries, but doing so triggers errors due to errors introduced by existing dependencies of
+	// android_library_import modules.  If this is fixed, staticManifestsDepSet can be dropped completely in favor of
+	// staticResourcesNodesDepSet.manifests()
+	transitiveManifestPaths = append(transitiveManifestPaths, staticManifestsDepSet.ToList()...)
 
-	if len(a.transitiveManifestPaths) > 1 && !Bool(a.aaptProperties.Dont_merge_manifests) {
-		a.mergedManifestFile = manifestMerger(ctx, a.transitiveManifestPaths[0], a.transitiveManifestPaths[1:], a.isLibrary)
+	if len(transitiveManifestPaths) > 1 && !Bool(a.aaptProperties.Dont_merge_manifests) {
+		a.mergedManifestFile = manifestMerger(ctx, transitiveManifestPaths[0], transitiveManifestPaths[1:], a.isLibrary)
 		if !a.isLibrary {
 			// Only use the merged manifest for applications.  For libraries, the transitive closure of manifests
 			// will be propagated to the final application and merged there.  The merged manifest for libraries is
@@ -333,9 +340,9 @@
 
 	compileFlags, linkFlags, linkDeps, resDirs, overlayDirs, rroDirs, resZips := a.aapt2Flags(ctx, sdkContext, manifestPath)
 
-	rroDirs = append(rroDirs, staticRRODirs...)
 	linkFlags = append(linkFlags, libFlags...)
-	linkDeps = append(linkDeps, libDeps...)
+	linkDeps = append(linkDeps, sharedDeps...)
+	linkDeps = append(linkDeps, staticDeps.resPackages()...)
 	linkFlags = append(linkFlags, extraLinkFlags...)
 	if a.isLibrary {
 		linkFlags = append(linkFlags, "--static-lib")
@@ -363,6 +370,10 @@
 
 	var compiledRes, compiledOverlay android.Paths
 
+	// AAPT2 overlays are in lowest to highest priority order, reverse the topological order
+	// of transitiveStaticLibs.
+	transitiveStaticLibs := android.ReversePaths(staticDeps.resPackages())
+
 	compiledOverlay = append(compiledOverlay, transitiveStaticLibs...)
 
 	if len(transitiveStaticLibs) > 0 {
@@ -404,12 +415,18 @@
 		})
 	}
 
+	// No need to specify assets from dependencies to aapt2Link for libraries, all transitive assets will be
+	// provided to the final app aapt2Link step.
+	var transitiveAssets android.Paths
+	if !a.isLibrary {
+		transitiveAssets = android.ReverseSliceInPlace(staticDeps.assets())
+	}
 	aapt2Link(ctx, packageRes, srcJar, proguardOptionsFile, rTxt, extraPackages,
-		linkFlags, linkDeps, compiledRes, compiledOverlay, assetPackages, splitPackages)
+		linkFlags, linkDeps, compiledRes, compiledOverlay, transitiveAssets, splitPackages)
 
 	// Extract assets from the resource package output so that they can be used later in aapt2link
 	// for modules that depend on this one.
-	if android.PrefixInList(linkFlags, "-A ") || len(assetPackages) > 0 {
+	if android.PrefixInList(linkFlags, "-A ") {
 		assets := android.PathForModuleOut(ctx, "assets.zip")
 		ctx.Build(pctx, android.BuildParams{
 			Rule:        extractAssetsRule,
@@ -424,17 +441,66 @@
 	a.exportPackage = packageRes
 	a.manifestPath = manifestPath
 	a.proguardOptionsFile = proguardOptionsFile
-	a.rroDirs = rroDirs
 	a.extraAaptPackagesFile = extraPackages
 	a.rTxt = rTxt
 	a.splits = splits
+	a.resourcesNodesDepSet = android.NewDepSetBuilder[*resourcesNode](android.TOPOLOGICAL).
+		Direct(&resourcesNode{
+			resPackage:          a.exportPackage,
+			manifest:            a.manifestPath,
+			additionalManifests: additionalManifests,
+			assets:              a.assetPackage,
+		}).
+		Transitive(staticResourcesNodesDepSet).Build()
+	a.rroDirsDepSet = android.NewDepSetBuilder[rroDir](android.TOPOLOGICAL).
+		Direct(rroDirs...).
+		Transitive(staticRRODirsDepSet).Build()
+	a.manifestsDepSet = android.NewDepSetBuilder[android.Path](android.TOPOLOGICAL).
+		Direct(a.manifestPath).
+		DirectSlice(additionalManifests).
+		Transitive(staticManifestsDepSet).Build()
+}
+
+type resourcesNode struct {
+	resPackage          android.Path
+	manifest            android.Path
+	additionalManifests android.Paths
+	assets              android.OptionalPath
+}
+
+type transitiveAarDeps []*resourcesNode
+
+func (t transitiveAarDeps) resPackages() android.Paths {
+	var paths android.Paths
+	for _, dep := range t {
+		paths = append(paths, dep.resPackage)
+	}
+	return android.FirstUniquePaths(paths)
+}
+
+func (t transitiveAarDeps) manifests() android.Paths {
+	var paths android.Paths
+	for _, dep := range t {
+		paths = append(paths, dep.manifest)
+		paths = append(paths, dep.additionalManifests...)
+	}
+	return android.FirstUniquePaths(paths)
+}
+
+func (t transitiveAarDeps) assets() android.Paths {
+	var paths android.Paths
+	for _, dep := range t {
+		if dep.assets.Valid() {
+			paths = append(paths, dep.assets.Path())
+		}
+	}
+	return paths
 }
 
 // aaptLibs collects libraries from dependencies and sdk_version and converts them into paths
 func aaptLibs(ctx android.ModuleContext, sdkContext android.SdkContext, classLoaderContexts dexpreopt.ClassLoaderContextMap) (
-	transitiveStaticLibs, transitiveStaticLibManifests android.Paths, staticRRODirs []rroDir, assets, deps android.Paths, flags []string) {
-
-	var sharedLibs android.Paths
+	staticResourcesNodes *android.DepSet[*resourcesNode], staticRRODirs *android.DepSet[rroDir],
+	staticManifests *android.DepSet[android.Path], sharedLibs android.Paths, flags []string) {
 
 	if classLoaderContexts == nil {
 		// Not all callers need to compute class loader context, those who don't just pass nil.
@@ -447,6 +513,10 @@
 		sharedLibs = append(sharedLibs, sdkDep.jars...)
 	}
 
+	var resourcesNodeDepSets []*android.DepSet[*resourcesNode]
+	rroDirsDepSetBuilder := android.NewDepSetBuilder[rroDir](android.TOPOLOGICAL)
+	manifestsDepSetBuilder := android.NewDepSetBuilder[android.Path](android.TOPOLOGICAL)
+
 	ctx.VisitDirectDeps(func(module android.Module) {
 		depTag := ctx.OtherModuleDependencyTag(module)
 
@@ -469,32 +539,28 @@
 			}
 		case staticLibTag:
 			if exportPackage != nil {
-				transitiveStaticLibs = append(transitiveStaticLibs, aarDep.ExportedStaticPackages()...)
-				transitiveStaticLibs = append(transitiveStaticLibs, exportPackage)
-				transitiveStaticLibManifests = append(transitiveStaticLibManifests, aarDep.ExportedManifests()...)
-				if aarDep.ExportedAssets().Valid() {
-					assets = append(assets, aarDep.ExportedAssets().Path())
-				}
-
-			outer:
-				for _, d := range aarDep.ExportedRRODirs() {
-					for _, e := range staticRRODirs {
-						if d.path == e.path {
-							continue outer
-						}
-					}
-					staticRRODirs = append(staticRRODirs, d)
-				}
+				resourcesNodeDepSets = append(resourcesNodeDepSets, aarDep.ResourcesNodeDepSet())
+				rroDirsDepSetBuilder.Transitive(aarDep.RRODirsDepSet())
+				manifestsDepSetBuilder.Transitive(aarDep.ManifestsDepSet())
 			}
 		}
 
 		addCLCFromDep(ctx, module, classLoaderContexts)
 	})
 
-	deps = append(deps, sharedLibs...)
-	deps = append(deps, transitiveStaticLibs...)
+	// AAPT2 overlays are in lowest to highest priority order, the topological order will be reversed later.
+	// Reverse the dependency order now going into the depset so that it comes out in order after the second
+	// reverse later.
+	// NOTE: this is legacy and probably incorrect behavior, for most other cases (e.g. conflicting classes in
+	// dependencies) the highest priority dependency is listed first, but for resources the highest priority
+	// dependency has to be listed last.
+	staticResourcesNodes = android.NewDepSet(android.TOPOLOGICAL, nil,
+		android.ReverseSliceInPlace(resourcesNodeDepSets))
 
-	if len(transitiveStaticLibs) > 0 {
+	staticRRODirs = rroDirsDepSetBuilder.Build()
+	staticManifests = manifestsDepSetBuilder.Build()
+
+	if len(staticResourcesNodes.ToList()) > 0 {
 		flags = append(flags, "--auto-add-overlay")
 	}
 
@@ -502,10 +568,7 @@
 		flags = append(flags, "-I "+sharedLib.String())
 	}
 
-	transitiveStaticLibs = android.FirstUniquePaths(transitiveStaticLibs)
-	transitiveStaticLibManifests = android.FirstUniquePaths(transitiveStaticLibManifests)
-
-	return transitiveStaticLibs, transitiveStaticLibManifests, staticRRODirs, assets, deps, flags
+	return staticResourcesNodes, staticRRODirs, staticManifests, sharedLibs, flags
 }
 
 type AndroidLibrary struct {
@@ -516,8 +579,6 @@
 	androidLibraryProperties androidLibraryProperties
 
 	aarFile android.WritablePath
-
-	exportedStaticPackages android.Paths
 }
 
 var _ android.OutputFileProducer = (*AndroidLibrary)(nil)
@@ -532,10 +593,6 @@
 	}
 }
 
-func (a *AndroidLibrary) ExportedStaticPackages() android.Paths {
-	return a.exportedStaticPackages
-}
-
 var _ AndroidLibraryDependency = (*AndroidLibrary)(nil)
 
 func (a *AndroidLibrary) DepsMutator(ctx android.BottomUpMutatorContext) {
@@ -579,19 +636,15 @@
 
 	a.exportedProguardFlagFiles = append(a.exportedProguardFlagFiles,
 		android.PathsForModuleSrc(ctx, a.dexProperties.Optimize.Proguard_flags_files)...)
+
 	ctx.VisitDirectDeps(func(m android.Module) {
 		if ctx.OtherModuleDependencyTag(m) == staticLibTag {
 			if lib, ok := m.(LibraryDependency); ok {
 				a.exportedProguardFlagFiles = append(a.exportedProguardFlagFiles, lib.ExportedProguardFlagFiles()...)
 			}
-			if alib, ok := m.(AndroidLibraryDependency); ok {
-				a.exportedStaticPackages = append(a.exportedStaticPackages, alib.ExportPackage())
-				a.exportedStaticPackages = append(a.exportedStaticPackages, alib.ExportedStaticPackages()...)
-			}
 		}
 	})
 	a.exportedProguardFlagFiles = android.FirstUniquePaths(a.exportedProguardFlagFiles)
-	a.exportedStaticPackages = android.FirstUniquePaths(a.exportedStaticPackages)
 
 	prebuiltJniPackages := android.Paths{}
 	ctx.VisitDirectDeps(func(module android.Module) {
@@ -681,7 +734,8 @@
 	manifest              android.WritablePath
 	assetsPackage         android.WritablePath
 
-	exportedStaticPackages android.Paths
+	resourcesNodesDepSet *android.DepSet[*resourcesNode]
+	manifestsDepSet      *android.DepSet[android.Path]
 
 	hideApexVariantFromMake bool
 
@@ -738,25 +792,20 @@
 func (a *AARImport) ExportPackage() android.Path {
 	return a.exportPackage
 }
-
 func (a *AARImport) ExportedProguardFlagFiles() android.Paths {
 	return android.Paths{a.proguardFlags}
 }
 
-func (a *AARImport) ExportedRRODirs() []rroDir {
-	return nil
+func (a *AARImport) ResourcesNodeDepSet() *android.DepSet[*resourcesNode] {
+	return a.resourcesNodesDepSet
 }
 
-func (a *AARImport) ExportedStaticPackages() android.Paths {
-	return a.exportedStaticPackages
+func (a *AARImport) RRODirsDepSet() *android.DepSet[rroDir] {
+	return android.NewDepSet[rroDir](android.TOPOLOGICAL, nil, nil)
 }
 
-func (a *AARImport) ExportedManifests() android.Paths {
-	return android.Paths{a.manifest}
-}
-
-func (a *AARImport) ExportedAssets() android.OptionalPath {
-	return android.OptionalPathForPath(a.assetsPackage)
+func (a *AARImport) ManifestsDepSet() *android.DepSet[android.Path] {
+	return a.manifestsDepSet
 }
 
 // RRO enforcement is not available on aar_import since its RRO dirs are not
@@ -891,32 +940,44 @@
 	linkFlags = append(linkFlags, "--manifest "+a.manifest.String())
 	linkDeps = append(linkDeps, a.manifest)
 
-	transitiveStaticLibs, staticLibManifests, staticRRODirs, transitiveAssets, libDeps, libFlags :=
+	staticResourcesNodesDepSet, staticRRODirsDepSet, staticManifestsDepSet, sharedLibs, libFlags :=
 		aaptLibs(ctx, android.SdkContext(a), nil)
 
-	_ = staticLibManifests
-	_ = staticRRODirs
+	_ = staticRRODirsDepSet
+	staticDeps := transitiveAarDeps(staticResourcesNodesDepSet.ToList())
 
-	linkDeps = append(linkDeps, libDeps...)
+	// AAPT2 overlays are in lowest to highest priority order, reverse the topological order
+	// of transitiveStaticLibs.
+	transitiveStaticLibs := android.ReversePaths(staticDeps.resPackages())
+
+	linkDeps = append(linkDeps, sharedLibs...)
+	linkDeps = append(linkDeps, transitiveStaticLibs...)
 	linkFlags = append(linkFlags, libFlags...)
 
 	overlayRes := append(android.Paths{flata}, transitiveStaticLibs...)
 
+	transitiveAssets := android.ReverseSliceInPlace(staticDeps.assets())
 	aapt2Link(ctx, a.exportPackage, srcJar, proguardOptionsFile, rTxt, a.extraAaptPackagesFile,
 		linkFlags, linkDeps, nil, overlayRes, transitiveAssets, nil)
 
-	// Merge this import's assets with its dependencies' assets (if there are any).
-	if len(transitiveAssets) > 0 {
-		mergedAssets := android.PathForModuleOut(ctx, "merged-assets.zip")
-		inputZips := append(android.Paths{a.assetsPackage}, transitiveAssets...)
-		ctx.Build(pctx, android.BuildParams{
-			Rule:        mergeAssetsRule,
-			Inputs:      inputZips,
-			Output:      mergedAssets,
-			Description: "merge assets from dependencies and self",
-		})
-		a.assetsPackage = mergedAssets
-	}
+	resourcesNodesDepSetBuilder := android.NewDepSetBuilder[*resourcesNode](android.TOPOLOGICAL)
+	resourcesNodesDepSetBuilder.Direct(&resourcesNode{
+		resPackage: a.exportPackage,
+		manifest:   a.manifest,
+		assets:     android.OptionalPathForPath(a.assetsPackage),
+	})
+	resourcesNodesDepSetBuilder.Transitive(staticResourcesNodesDepSet)
+	a.resourcesNodesDepSet = resourcesNodesDepSetBuilder.Build()
+
+	manifestDepSetBuilder := android.NewDepSetBuilder[android.Path](android.TOPOLOGICAL).Direct(a.manifest)
+	// TODO(b/288358614): Soong has historically not merged manifests from dependencies of android_library_import
+	// modules.  Merging manifests from dependencies could remove the need for pom2bp to generate the "-nodeps" copies
+	// of androidx libraries, but doing so triggers errors due to errors introduced by existing dependencies of
+	// android_library_import modules.  If this is fixed, AndroidLibraryDependency.ManifestsDepSet can be dropped
+	// completely in favor of AndroidLibraryDependency.ResourceNodesDepSet.manifest
+	//manifestDepSetBuilder.Transitive(transitiveStaticDeps.manifests)
+	_ = staticManifestsDepSet
+	a.manifestsDepSet = manifestDepSetBuilder.Build()
 
 	a.collectTransitiveHeaderJars(ctx)
 	ctx.SetProvider(JavaInfoProvider, JavaInfo{