diff --git a/java/java.go b/java/java.go
index bd476bc..d5375a5 100644
--- a/java/java.go
+++ b/java/java.go
@@ -264,9 +264,6 @@
 }
 
 type CompilerDeviceProperties struct {
-	// list of module-specific flags that will be used for dex compiles
-	Dxflags []string `android:"arch_variant"`
-
 	// if not blank, set to the version of the sdk to compile against.
 	// Defaults to compiling against the current platform.
 	Sdk_version *string
@@ -312,37 +309,6 @@
 		}
 	}
 
-	// If set to true, compile dex regardless of installable.  Defaults to false.
-	Compile_dex *bool
-
-	Optimize struct {
-		// If false, disable all optimization.  Defaults to true for android_app and android_test
-		// modules, false for java_library and java_test modules.
-		Enabled *bool
-		// True if the module containing this has it set by default.
-		EnabledByDefault bool `blueprint:"mutated"`
-
-		// If true, optimize for size by removing unused code.  Defaults to true for apps,
-		// false for libraries and tests.
-		Shrink *bool
-
-		// If true, optimize bytecode.  Defaults to false.
-		Optimize *bool
-
-		// If true, obfuscate bytecode.  Defaults to false.
-		Obfuscate *bool
-
-		// If true, do not use the flag files generated by aapt that automatically keep
-		// classes referenced by the app manifest.  Defaults to false.
-		No_aapt_flags *bool
-
-		// Flags to pass to proguard.
-		Proguard_flags []string
-
-		// Specifies the locations of files containing proguard flags.
-		Proguard_flags_files []string `android:"path"`
-	}
-
 	// When targeting 1.9 and above, override the modules to use with --system,
 	// otherwise provides defaults libraries to add to the bootclasspath.
 	System_modules *string
@@ -356,19 +322,9 @@
 	// set the name of the output
 	Stem *string
 
-	// Keep the data uncompressed. We always need uncompressed dex for execution,
-	// so this might actually save space by avoiding storing the same data twice.
-	// This defaults to reasonable value based on module and should not be set.
-	// It exists only to support ART tests.
-	Uncompress_dex *bool
-
 	IsSDKLibrary bool `blueprint:"mutated"`
 }
 
-func (me *CompilerDeviceProperties) EffectiveOptimizeEnabled() bool {
-	return BoolDefault(me.Optimize.Enabled, me.Optimize.EnabledByDefault)
-}
-
 // Functionality common to Module and Import
 //
 // It is embedded in Module so its functionality can be used by methods in Module
@@ -437,9 +393,6 @@
 	// output file containing uninstrumented classes that will be instrumented by jacoco
 	jacocoReportClassesFile android.Path
 
-	// output file containing mapping of obfuscated names
-	proguardDictionary android.Path
-
 	// output file of the module, which may be a classes jar or a dex jar
 	outputFile       android.Path
 	extraOutputFiles android.Paths
@@ -455,9 +408,6 @@
 	compiledJavaSrcs android.Paths
 	compiledSrcJars  android.Paths
 
-	// list of extra progurad flag files
-	extraProguardFlagFiles android.Paths
-
 	// manifest file to use instead of properties.Manifest
 	overrideManifest android.OptionalPath
 
@@ -484,6 +434,7 @@
 	extraResources android.Paths
 
 	hiddenAPI
+	dexer
 	dexpreopter
 	linter
 
@@ -507,6 +458,7 @@
 	j.addHostProperties()
 	j.AddProperties(
 		&j.deviceProperties,
+		&j.dexer.dexProperties,
 		&j.dexpreoptProperties,
 		&j.linter.properties,
 	)
@@ -519,7 +471,10 @@
 	case ".jar":
 		return android.Paths{j.implementationAndResourcesJar}, nil
 	case ".proguard_map":
-		return android.Paths{j.proguardDictionary}, nil
+		if j.dexer.proguardDictionary.Valid() {
+			return android.Paths{j.dexer.proguardDictionary.Path()}, nil
+		}
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("%q was requested, but no output file was found.", tag)
 	default:
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("unsupported module reference tag %q", tag)
 	}
@@ -728,10 +683,10 @@
 			ctx.AddVariationDependencies(nil, bootClasspathTag, sdkDep.bootclasspath...)
 			ctx.AddVariationDependencies(nil, java9LibTag, sdkDep.java9Classpath...)
 			ctx.AddVariationDependencies(nil, libTag, sdkDep.classpath...)
-			if j.deviceProperties.EffectiveOptimizeEnabled() && sdkDep.hasStandardLibs() {
+			if j.effectiveOptimizeEnabled() && sdkDep.hasStandardLibs() {
 				ctx.AddVariationDependencies(nil, proguardRaiseTag, config.LegacyCorePlatformBootclasspathLibraries...)
 			}
-			if j.deviceProperties.EffectiveOptimizeEnabled() && sdkDep.hasFrameworkLibs() {
+			if j.effectiveOptimizeEnabled() && sdkDep.hasFrameworkLibs() {
 				ctx.AddVariationDependencies(nil, proguardRaiseTag, config.FrameworkLibraries...)
 			}
 		}
@@ -1647,8 +1602,8 @@
 
 	// Enable dex compilation for the APEX variants, unless it is disabled explicitly
 	if android.DirectlyInAnyApex(ctx, ctx.ModuleName()) && !j.IsForPlatform() {
-		if j.deviceProperties.Compile_dex == nil {
-			j.deviceProperties.Compile_dex = proptools.BoolPtr(true)
+		if j.dexProperties.Compile_dex == nil {
+			j.dexProperties.Compile_dex = proptools.BoolPtr(true)
 		}
 		if j.deviceProperties.Hostdex == nil {
 			j.deviceProperties.Hostdex = proptools.BoolPtr(true)
@@ -1656,10 +1611,14 @@
 	}
 
 	if ctx.Device() && j.hasCode(ctx) &&
-		(Bool(j.properties.Installable) || Bool(j.deviceProperties.Compile_dex)) {
+		(Bool(j.properties.Installable) || Bool(j.dexProperties.Compile_dex)) {
+		if j.shouldInstrumentStatic(ctx) {
+			j.dexer.extraProguardFlagFiles = append(j.dexer.extraProguardFlagFiles,
+				android.PathForSource(ctx, "build/make/core/proguard.jacoco.flags"))
+		}
 		// Dex compilation
 		var dexOutputFile android.ModuleOutPath
-		dexOutputFile = j.compileDex(ctx, flags, outputFile, jarName)
+		dexOutputFile = j.dexer.compileDex(ctx, flags, j.minSdkVersion(), outputFile, jarName)
 		if ctx.Failed() {
 			return
 		}
@@ -1669,7 +1628,7 @@
 
 		// Hidden API CSV generation and dex encoding
 		dexOutputFile = j.hiddenAPI.hiddenAPI(ctx, configurationName, primary, dexOutputFile, j.implementationJarFile,
-			proptools.Bool(j.deviceProperties.Uncompress_dex))
+			proptools.Bool(j.dexProperties.Uncompress_dex))
 
 		// merge dex jar with resources if necessary
 		if j.resourceJar != nil {
@@ -1677,7 +1636,7 @@
 			combinedJar := android.PathForModuleOut(ctx, "dex-withres", jarName)
 			TransformJarsToJar(ctx, combinedJar, "for dex resources", jars, android.OptionalPath{},
 				false, nil, nil)
-			if *j.deviceProperties.Uncompress_dex {
+			if *j.dexProperties.Uncompress_dex {
 				combinedAlignedJar := android.PathForModuleOut(ctx, "dex-withres-aligned", jarName)
 				TransformZipAlign(ctx, combinedAlignedJar, combinedJar)
 				dexOutputFile = combinedAlignedJar
@@ -2008,11 +1967,11 @@
 	j.checkSdkVersions(ctx)
 	j.dexpreopter.installPath = android.PathForModuleInstall(ctx, "framework", j.Stem()+".jar")
 	j.dexpreopter.isSDKLibrary = j.deviceProperties.IsSDKLibrary
-	if j.deviceProperties.Uncompress_dex == nil {
+	if j.dexProperties.Uncompress_dex == nil {
 		// If the value was not force-set by the user, use reasonable default based on the module.
-		j.deviceProperties.Uncompress_dex = proptools.BoolPtr(shouldUncompressDex(ctx, &j.dexpreopter))
+		j.dexProperties.Uncompress_dex = proptools.BoolPtr(shouldUncompressDex(ctx, &j.dexpreopter))
 	}
-	j.dexpreopter.uncompressedDex = *j.deviceProperties.Uncompress_dex
+	j.dexpreopter.uncompressedDex = *j.dexProperties.Uncompress_dex
 	j.compile(ctx, nil)
 
 	// Collect the module directory for IDE info in java/jdeps.go.
@@ -2970,6 +2929,7 @@
 	module.AddProperties(
 		&CompilerProperties{},
 		&CompilerDeviceProperties{},
+		&DexProperties{},
 		&DexpreoptProperties{},
 		&android.ProtoProperties{},
 		&aaptProperties{},