diff --git a/java/androidmk_test.go b/java/androidmk_test.go
index 1232cd1..2978a40 100644
--- a/java/androidmk_test.go
+++ b/java/androidmk_test.go
@@ -161,8 +161,8 @@
 		moduleName string
 		expected   []string
 	}{
-		{"foo-shared_library", []string{"foo-shared_library.xml"}},
-		{"foo-no_shared_library", nil},
+		{"foo-shared_library", []string{"foo-shared_library.impl", "foo-shared_library.xml"}},
+		{"foo-no_shared_library", []string{"foo-no_shared_library.impl"}},
 	}
 	for _, tc := range testCases {
 		mod := result.ModuleForTests(tc.moduleName, "android_common").Module()
diff --git a/java/base.go b/java/base.go
index 938ac5e..06c18ca 100644
--- a/java/base.go
+++ b/java/base.go
@@ -1682,7 +1682,11 @@
 			j.dexJarFile = makeDexJarPathFromPath(dexOutputFile)
 
 			// Dexpreopting
-			j.dexpreopt(ctx, android.RemoveOptionalPrebuiltPrefix(ctx.ModuleName()), dexOutputFile)
+			libName := android.RemoveOptionalPrebuiltPrefix(ctx.ModuleName())
+			if j.SdkLibraryName() != nil && strings.HasSuffix(ctx.ModuleName(), ".impl") {
+				libName = strings.TrimSuffix(libName, ".impl")
+			}
+			j.dexpreopt(ctx, libName, dexOutputFile)
 
 			outputFile = dexOutputFile
 		} else {
diff --git a/java/code_metadata_test.go b/java/code_metadata_test.go
index 0ef348a..99b1f52 100644
--- a/java/code_metadata_test.go
+++ b/java/code_metadata_test.go
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 	"android/soong/android"
 	soongTesting "android/soong/testing"
 	"android/soong/testing/code_metadata_internal_proto"
+
 	"google.golang.org/protobuf/proto"
 )
 
diff --git a/java/dexpreopt.go b/java/dexpreopt.go
index 25e95db..1acac1b 100644
--- a/java/dexpreopt.go
+++ b/java/dexpreopt.go
@@ -196,8 +196,10 @@
 	}
 	apexInfo, _ := android.ModuleProvider(ctx, android.ApexInfoProvider)
 	psi := android.PrebuiltSelectionInfoMap{}
-	ctx.VisitDirectDepsWithTag(android.PrebuiltDepTag, func(am android.Module) {
-		psi, _ = android.OtherModuleProvider(ctx, am, android.PrebuiltSelectionInfoProvider)
+	ctx.VisitDirectDeps(func(am android.Module) {
+		if prebuiltSelectionInfo, ok := android.OtherModuleProvider(ctx, am, android.PrebuiltSelectionInfoProvider); ok {
+			psi = prebuiltSelectionInfo
+		}
 	})
 	// Find the apex variant for this module
 	_, apexVariantsWithoutTestApexes, _ := android.ListSetDifference(apexInfo.InApexVariants, apexInfo.TestApexes)
diff --git a/java/hiddenapi_singleton.go b/java/hiddenapi_singleton.go
index 8cb78cd..7d21b7a 100644
--- a/java/hiddenapi_singleton.go
+++ b/java/hiddenapi_singleton.go
@@ -150,6 +150,10 @@
 	// Strip a prebuilt_ prefix so that this can match a prebuilt module that has not been renamed.
 	name = android.RemoveOptionalPrebuiltPrefix(name)
 
+	// Strip the ".impl" suffix, so that the implementation library of the java_sdk_library is
+	// treated identical to the top level java_sdk_library.
+	name = strings.TrimSuffix(name, ".impl")
+
 	// Ignore any module that is not listed in the boot image configuration.
 	index := configuredBootJars.IndexOfJar(name)
 	if index == -1 {
diff --git a/java/hiddenapi_singleton_test.go b/java/hiddenapi_singleton_test.go
index c1fee21..330013e 100644
--- a/java/hiddenapi_singleton_test.go
+++ b/java/hiddenapi_singleton_test.go
@@ -303,7 +303,7 @@
 	`)
 
 	checkDexEncoded := func(t *testing.T, name, unencodedDexJar, encodedDexJar string) {
-		moduleForTests := result.ModuleForTests(name, "android_common")
+		moduleForTests := result.ModuleForTests(name+".impl", "android_common")
 
 		encodeDexRule := moduleForTests.Rule("hiddenAPIEncodeDex")
 		actualUnencodedDexJar := encodeDexRule.Input
@@ -319,18 +319,8 @@
 
 	// The java_library embedded with the java_sdk_library must be dex encoded.
 	t.Run("foo", func(t *testing.T) {
-		expectedUnencodedDexJar := "out/soong/.intermediates/foo/android_common/aligned/foo.jar"
-		expectedEncodedDexJar := "out/soong/.intermediates/foo/android_common/hiddenapi/foo.jar"
+		expectedUnencodedDexJar := "out/soong/.intermediates/foo.impl/android_common/aligned/foo.jar"
+		expectedEncodedDexJar := "out/soong/.intermediates/foo.impl/android_common/hiddenapi/foo.jar"
 		checkDexEncoded(t, "foo", expectedUnencodedDexJar, expectedEncodedDexJar)
 	})
-
-	// The dex jar of the child implementation java_library of the java_sdk_library is not currently
-	// dex encoded.
-	t.Run("foo.impl", func(t *testing.T) {
-		fooImpl := result.ModuleForTests("foo.impl", "android_common")
-		encodeDexRule := fooImpl.MaybeRule("hiddenAPIEncodeDex")
-		if encodeDexRule.Rule != nil {
-			t.Errorf("foo.impl is not expected to be encoded")
-		}
-	})
 }
diff --git a/java/java.go b/java/java.go
index 2834c5f..54d2aa6 100644
--- a/java/java.go
+++ b/java/java.go
@@ -670,6 +670,10 @@
 
 var _ android.ApexModule = (*Library)(nil)
 
+func (j *Library) CheckDepsMinSdkVersion(ctx android.ModuleContext) {
+	CheckMinSdkVersion(ctx, j)
+}
+
 // Provides access to the list of permitted packages from apex boot jars.
 type PermittedPackagesForUpdatableBootJars interface {
 	PermittedPackagesForUpdatableBootJars() []string
@@ -898,6 +902,12 @@
 	j.minSdkVersion = j.MinSdkVersion(ctx)
 	j.maxSdkVersion = j.MaxSdkVersion(ctx)
 
+	// Check min_sdk_version of the transitive dependencies if this module is created from
+	// java_sdk_library.
+	if j.deviceProperties.Min_sdk_version != nil && j.SdkLibraryName() != nil {
+		j.CheckDepsMinSdkVersion(ctx)
+	}
+
 	// SdkLibrary.GenerateAndroidBuildActions(ctx) sets the stubsLinkType to Unknown.
 	// If the stubsLinkType has already been set to Unknown, the stubsLinkType should
 	// not be overridden.
@@ -928,8 +938,12 @@
 	j.checkSdkVersions(ctx)
 	j.checkHeadersOnly(ctx)
 	if ctx.Device() {
+		libName := j.Name()
+		if j.SdkLibraryName() != nil && strings.HasSuffix(libName, ".impl") {
+			libName = proptools.String(j.SdkLibraryName())
+		}
 		j.dexpreopter.installPath = j.dexpreopter.getInstallPath(
-			ctx, j.Name(), android.PathForModuleInstall(ctx, "framework", j.Stem()+".jar"))
+			ctx, libName, android.PathForModuleInstall(ctx, "framework", j.Stem()+".jar"))
 		j.dexpreopter.isSDKLibrary = j.deviceProperties.IsSDKLibrary
 		setUncompressDex(ctx, &j.dexpreopter, &j.dexer)
 		j.dexpreopter.uncompressedDex = *j.dexProperties.Uncompress_dex
@@ -940,8 +954,24 @@
 	}
 	j.compile(ctx, nil, nil, nil)
 
-	exclusivelyForApex := !apexInfo.IsForPlatform()
-	if (Bool(j.properties.Installable) || ctx.Host()) && !exclusivelyForApex {
+	// If this module is an impl library created from java_sdk_library,
+	// install the files under the java_sdk_library module outdir instead of this module outdir.
+	if j.SdkLibraryName() != nil && strings.HasSuffix(j.Name(), ".impl") {
+		j.setInstallRules(ctx, proptools.String(j.SdkLibraryName()))
+	} else {
+		j.setInstallRules(ctx, ctx.ModuleName())
+	}
+
+	android.SetProvider(ctx, android.TestOnlyProviderKey, android.TestModuleInformation{
+		TestOnly:       Bool(j.sourceProperties.Test_only),
+		TopLevelTarget: j.sourceProperties.Top_level_test_target,
+	})
+}
+
+func (j *Library) setInstallRules(ctx android.ModuleContext, installModuleName string) {
+	apexInfo, _ := android.ModuleProvider(ctx, android.ApexInfoProvider)
+
+	if (Bool(j.properties.Installable) || ctx.Host()) && apexInfo.IsForPlatform() {
 		var extraInstallDeps android.InstallPaths
 		if j.InstallMixin != nil {
 			extraInstallDeps = j.InstallMixin(ctx, j.outputFile)
@@ -958,22 +988,27 @@
 			if !ctx.Host() {
 				archDir = ctx.DeviceConfig().DeviceArch()
 			}
-			installDir = android.PathForModuleInstall(ctx, ctx.ModuleName(), archDir)
+			installDir = android.PathForModuleInstall(ctx, installModuleName, archDir)
 		} else {
 			installDir = android.PathForModuleInstall(ctx, "framework")
 		}
 		j.installFile = ctx.InstallFile(installDir, j.Stem()+".jar", j.outputFile, extraInstallDeps...)
 	}
-
-	android.SetProvider(ctx, android.TestOnlyProviderKey, android.TestModuleInformation{
-		TestOnly:       Bool(j.sourceProperties.Test_only),
-		TopLevelTarget: j.sourceProperties.Top_level_test_target,
-	})
 }
 
 func (j *Library) DepsMutator(ctx android.BottomUpMutatorContext) {
 	j.usesLibrary.deps(ctx, false)
 	j.deps(ctx)
+
+	if j.SdkLibraryName() != nil && strings.HasSuffix(j.Name(), ".impl") {
+		if dexpreopt.IsDex2oatNeeded(ctx) {
+			dexpreopt.RegisterToolDeps(ctx)
+		}
+		prebuiltSdkLibExists := ctx.OtherModuleExists(android.PrebuiltNameFromSource(proptools.String(j.SdkLibraryName())))
+		if prebuiltSdkLibExists && ctx.OtherModuleExists("all_apex_contributions") {
+			ctx.AddDependency(ctx.Module(), android.AcDepTag, "all_apex_contributions")
+		}
+	}
 }
 
 const (
diff --git a/java/platform_bootclasspath_test.go b/java/platform_bootclasspath_test.go
index 37ff639..0d2acae 100644
--- a/java/platform_bootclasspath_test.go
+++ b/java/platform_bootclasspath_test.go
@@ -353,7 +353,7 @@
 
 	// All the intermediate rules use the same inputs.
 	expectedIntermediateInputs := `
-		out/soong/.intermediates/bar/android_common/javac/bar.jar
+		out/soong/.intermediates/bar.impl/android_common/javac/bar.jar
 		out/soong/.intermediates/foo-hiddenapi-annotations/android_common/javac/foo-hiddenapi-annotations.jar
 		out/soong/.intermediates/foo/android_common/javac/foo.jar
 	`
diff --git a/java/sdk_library.go b/java/sdk_library.go
index 56b1d39..bc3e7e9 100644
--- a/java/sdk_library.go
+++ b/java/sdk_library.go
@@ -953,6 +953,10 @@
 	// Path to the header jars of the implementation library
 	// This is non-empty only when api_only is false.
 	implLibraryHeaderJars android.Paths
+
+	// The reference to the implementation library created by the source module.
+	// Is nil if the source module does not exist.
+	implLibraryModule *Library
 }
 
 func (c *commonToSdkLibraryAndImport) initCommon(module commonSdkLibraryAndImportModule) {
@@ -999,6 +1003,10 @@
 	c.doctagPaths = android.PathsForModuleSrc(ctx, c.commonSdkLibraryProperties.Doctag_files)
 }
 
+func (c *commonToSdkLibraryAndImport) getImplLibraryModule() *Library {
+	return c.implLibraryModule
+}
+
 // Module name of the runtime implementation library
 func (c *commonToSdkLibraryAndImport) implLibraryModuleName() string {
 	return c.module.RootLibraryName() + ".impl"
@@ -1375,6 +1383,8 @@
 
 	// sharedLibrary returns true if this can be used as a shared library.
 	sharedLibrary() bool
+
+	getImplLibraryModule() *Library
 }
 
 type SdkLibrary struct {
@@ -1386,6 +1396,8 @@
 	scopeToProperties map[*apiScope]*ApiScopeProperties
 
 	commonToSdkLibraryAndImport
+
+	builtInstalledForApex []dexpreopterInstall
 }
 
 var _ SdkLibraryDependency = (*SdkLibrary)(nil)
@@ -1394,6 +1406,20 @@
 	return module.sdkLibraryProperties.Generate_system_and_test_apis
 }
 
+func (module *SdkLibrary) DexJarBuildPath(ctx android.ModuleErrorfContext) OptionalDexJarPath {
+	if module.implLibraryModule != nil {
+		return module.implLibraryModule.DexJarBuildPath(ctx)
+	}
+	return makeUnsetDexJarPath()
+}
+
+func (module *SdkLibrary) DexJarInstallPath() android.Path {
+	if module.implLibraryModule != nil {
+		return module.implLibraryModule.DexJarInstallPath()
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
 func (module *SdkLibrary) getGeneratedApiScopes(ctx android.EarlyModuleContext) apiScopes {
 	// Check to see if any scopes have been explicitly enabled. If any have then all
 	// must be.
@@ -1445,6 +1471,10 @@
 var _ android.ModuleWithMinSdkVersionCheck = (*SdkLibrary)(nil)
 
 func (module *SdkLibrary) CheckMinSdkVersion(ctx android.ModuleContext) {
+	CheckMinSdkVersion(ctx, &module.Library)
+}
+
+func CheckMinSdkVersion(ctx android.ModuleContext, module *Library) {
 	android.CheckMinSdkVersion(ctx, module.MinSdkVersion(ctx), func(c android.ModuleContext, do android.PayloadDepsCallback) {
 		ctx.WalkDeps(func(child android.Module, parent android.Module) bool {
 			isExternal := !module.depIsInSameApex(ctx, child)
@@ -1541,10 +1571,6 @@
 		m += "Please see the documentation of the prebuilt_apis module type (and a usage example in prebuilts/sdk) for a convenient way to generate these."
 		ctx.ModuleErrorf(m)
 	}
-	if module.requiresRuntimeImplementationLibrary() {
-		// Only add the deps for the library if it is actually going to be built.
-		module.Library.deps(ctx)
-	}
 }
 
 func (module *SdkLibrary) OutputFiles(tag string) (android.Paths, error) {
@@ -1553,7 +1579,7 @@
 		return paths, err
 	}
 	if module.requiresRuntimeImplementationLibrary() {
-		return module.Library.OutputFiles(tag)
+		return module.implLibraryModule.OutputFiles(tag)
 	}
 	if tag == "" {
 		return nil, nil
@@ -1568,18 +1594,12 @@
 		// TODO (b/331665856): Implement a principled solution for this.
 		module.HideFromMake()
 	}
-	if proptools.String(module.deviceProperties.Min_sdk_version) != "" {
-		module.CheckMinSdkVersion(ctx)
-	}
 
 	module.generateCommonBuildActions(ctx)
 
-	// Only build an implementation library if required.
-	if module.requiresRuntimeImplementationLibrary() {
-		// stubsLinkType must be set before calling Library.GenerateAndroidBuildActions
-		module.Library.stubsLinkType = Unknown
-		module.Library.GenerateAndroidBuildActions(ctx)
-	}
+	module.stem = proptools.StringDefault(module.overridableProperties.Stem, ctx.ModuleName())
+
+	module.provideHiddenAPIPropertyInfo(ctx)
 
 	// Collate the components exported by this module. All scope specific modules are exported but
 	// the impl and xml component modules are not.
@@ -1606,10 +1626,40 @@
 		if tag == implLibraryTag {
 			if dep, ok := android.OtherModuleProvider(ctx, to, JavaInfoProvider); ok {
 				module.implLibraryHeaderJars = append(module.implLibraryHeaderJars, dep.HeaderJars...)
+				module.implLibraryModule = to.(*Library)
+				android.SetProvider(ctx, JavaInfoProvider, dep)
 			}
 		}
 	})
 
+	apexInfo, _ := android.ModuleProvider(ctx, android.ApexInfoProvider)
+	if !apexInfo.IsForPlatform() {
+		module.hideApexVariantFromMake = true
+	}
+
+	if module.implLibraryModule != nil {
+		if ctx.Device() {
+			module.classesJarPaths = android.Paths{module.implLibraryModule.implementationJarFile}
+			module.bootDexJarPath = module.implLibraryModule.bootDexJarPath
+			module.uncompressDexState = module.implLibraryModule.uncompressDexState
+			module.active = module.implLibraryModule.active
+		}
+
+		module.outputFile = module.implLibraryModule.outputFile
+		module.dexJarFile = makeDexJarPathFromPath(module.implLibraryModule.dexJarFile.Path())
+		module.headerJarFile = module.implLibraryModule.headerJarFile
+		module.implementationAndResourcesJar = module.implLibraryModule.implementationAndResourcesJar
+		module.builtInstalledForApex = module.implLibraryModule.builtInstalledForApex
+		module.dexpreopter.configPath = module.implLibraryModule.dexpreopter.configPath
+		module.dexpreopter.outputProfilePathOnHost = module.implLibraryModule.dexpreopter.outputProfilePathOnHost
+
+		if !module.Host() {
+			module.hostdexInstallFile = module.implLibraryModule.hostdexInstallFile
+		}
+
+		android.SetProvider(ctx, blueprint.SrcsFileProviderKey, blueprint.SrcsFileProviderData{SrcPaths: module.implLibraryModule.uniqueSrcFiles.Strings()})
+	}
+
 	// Make the set of components exported by this module available for use elsewhere.
 	exportedComponentInfo := android.ExportedComponentsInfo{Components: android.SortedKeys(exportedComponents)}
 	android.SetProvider(ctx, android.ExportedComponentsInfoProvider, exportedComponentInfo)
@@ -1635,13 +1685,18 @@
 	android.SetProvider(ctx, android.AdditionalSdkInfoProvider, android.AdditionalSdkInfo{additionalSdkInfo})
 }
 
+func (module *SdkLibrary) BuiltInstalledForApex() []dexpreopterInstall {
+	return module.builtInstalledForApex
+}
+
 func (module *SdkLibrary) AndroidMkEntries() []android.AndroidMkEntries {
 	if !module.requiresRuntimeImplementationLibrary() {
 		return nil
 	}
 	entriesList := module.Library.AndroidMkEntries()
+	entries := &entriesList[0]
+	entries.Required = append(entries.Required, module.implLibraryModuleName())
 	if module.sharedLibrary() {
-		entries := &entriesList[0]
 		entries.Required = append(entries.Required, module.xmlPermissionsModuleName())
 	}
 	return entriesList
@@ -1762,20 +1817,21 @@
 		Libs           []string
 		Static_libs    []string
 		Apex_available []string
+		Stem           *string
 	}{
 		Name:       proptools.StringPtr(module.implLibraryModuleName()),
 		Visibility: visibility,
 		// Set the instrument property to ensure it is instrumented when instrumentation is required.
 		Instrument: true,
-		// Set the impl_only libs. Note that the module's "Libs" get appended as well, via the
-		// addition of &module.properties below.
-		Libs: module.sdkLibraryProperties.Impl_only_libs,
-		// Set the impl_only static libs. Note that the module's "static_libs" get appended as well, via the
-		// addition of &module.properties below.
-		Static_libs: module.sdkLibraryProperties.Impl_only_static_libs,
+
+		Libs: append(module.properties.Libs, module.sdkLibraryProperties.Impl_only_libs...),
+
+		Static_libs: append(module.properties.Static_libs, module.sdkLibraryProperties.Impl_only_static_libs...),
 		// Pass the apex_available settings down so that the impl library can be statically
 		// embedded within a library that is added to an APEX. Needed for updatable-media.
 		Apex_available: module.ApexAvailable(),
+
+		Stem: proptools.StringPtr(module.Name()),
 	}
 
 	properties := []interface{}{
@@ -2166,6 +2222,9 @@
 	if depTag == xmlPermissionsFileTag {
 		return true
 	}
+	if dep.Name() == module.implLibraryModuleName() {
+		return true
+	}
 	return module.Library.DepIsInSameApex(mctx, dep)
 }
 
@@ -2591,10 +2650,6 @@
 
 	commonToSdkLibraryAndImport
 
-	// The reference to the implementation library created by the source module.
-	// Is nil if the source module does not exist.
-	implLibraryModule *Library
-
 	// The reference to the xml permissions module created by the source module.
 	// Is nil if the source module does not exist.
 	xmlPermissionsFileModule *sdkLibraryXml
@@ -3558,7 +3613,8 @@
 	s.Min_device_sdk = sdk.commonSdkLibraryProperties.Min_device_sdk
 	s.Max_device_sdk = sdk.commonSdkLibraryProperties.Max_device_sdk
 
-	if sdk.dexpreopter.dexpreoptProperties.Dex_preopt_result.Profile_guided {
+	implLibrary := sdk.getImplLibraryModule()
+	if implLibrary != nil && implLibrary.dexpreopter.dexpreoptProperties.Dex_preopt_result.Profile_guided {
 		s.DexPreoptProfileGuided = proptools.BoolPtr(true)
 	}
 }
diff --git a/java/sdk_library_test.go b/java/sdk_library_test.go
index 5fac255..1c94a8a 100644
--- a/java/sdk_library_test.go
+++ b/java/sdk_library_test.go
@@ -186,13 +186,13 @@
 	// test if quuz have created the api_contribution module
 	result.ModuleForTests(apiScopePublic.stubsSourceModuleName("quuz")+".api.contribution", "")
 
-	fooDexJar := result.ModuleForTests("foo", "android_common").Rule("d8")
-	// tests if kotlinc generated files are NOT excluded from output of foo.
-	android.AssertStringDoesNotContain(t, "foo dex", fooDexJar.BuildParams.Args["mergeZipsFlags"], "-stripFile META-INF/*.kotlin_module")
+	fooImplDexJar := result.ModuleForTests("foo.impl", "android_common").Rule("d8")
+	// tests if kotlinc generated files are NOT excluded from output of foo.impl.
+	android.AssertStringDoesNotContain(t, "foo.impl dex", fooImplDexJar.BuildParams.Args["mergeZipsFlags"], "-stripFile META-INF/*.kotlin_module")
 
-	barDexJar := result.ModuleForTests("bar", "android_common").Rule("d8")
-	// tests if kotlinc generated files are excluded from output of bar.
-	android.AssertStringDoesContain(t, "bar dex", barDexJar.BuildParams.Args["mergeZipsFlags"], "-stripFile META-INF/*.kotlin_module")
+	barImplDexJar := result.ModuleForTests("bar.impl", "android_common").Rule("d8")
+	// tests if kotlinc generated files are excluded from output of bar.impl.
+	android.AssertStringDoesContain(t, "bar.impl dex", barImplDexJar.BuildParams.Args["mergeZipsFlags"], "-stripFile META-INF/*.kotlin_module")
 }
 
 func TestJavaSdkLibrary_UpdatableLibrary(t *testing.T) {
@@ -1469,11 +1469,11 @@
 	preparer.RunTestWithBp(t, `
 		java_sdk_library {
 			name: "sdklib",
-            srcs: ["a.java"],
-            static_libs: ["util"],
-            min_sdk_version: "30",
+			srcs: ["a.java"],
+			static_libs: ["util"],
+			min_sdk_version: "30",
 			unsafe_ignore_missing_latest_api: true,
-        }
+		}
 
 		java_library {
 			name: "util",