Reapply "Upgrade to clang-r530567"

Reapply after fixing existing build and test failures.
This reverts commit 8e2c5c22bec2cfdd0822c7471ace854c4f0d295f.

Bug: 342023558
Test: presubmit
Change-Id: I4d36bab7015f401e7580c6287b7f94ffa25c74fc
diff --git a/cc/config/global.go b/cc/config/global.go
index 62a4765..bf2502f 100644
--- a/cc/config/global.go
+++ b/cc/config/global.go
@@ -397,8 +397,8 @@
 
 	// prebuilts/clang default settings.
 	ClangDefaultBase         = "prebuilts/clang/host"
-	ClangDefaultVersion      = "clang-r522817"
-	ClangDefaultShortVersion = "18"
+	ClangDefaultVersion      = "clang-r530567"
+	ClangDefaultShortVersion = "19"
 
 	// Directories with warnings from Android.bp files.
 	WarningAllowedProjects = []string{