diff --git a/Android.bp b/Android.bp
index 7cdd928..a9eceb2 100644
--- a/Android.bp
+++ b/Android.bp
@@ -349,6 +349,7 @@
     deps: [
         "blueprint-proptools",
         "soong-android",
+        "soong-remoteexec",
     ],
     srcs: [
         "java/config/config.go",
diff --git a/android/package_ctx.go b/android/package_ctx.go
index 5a43ea9..0de356e 100644
--- a/android/package_ctx.go
+++ b/android/package_ctx.go
@@ -232,30 +232,10 @@
 	}, argNames...)
 }
 
-// RBEExperimentalFlag indicates which flag should be set for the AndroidRemoteStaticRule
-// to use RBE.
-type RBEExperimentalFlag int
-
-const (
-	// RBE_NOT_EXPERIMENTAL indicates the rule should use RBE in every build that has
-	// UseRBE set.
-	RBE_NOT_EXPERIMENTAL RBEExperimentalFlag = iota
-	// RBE_JAVAC indicates the rule should use RBE only if the RBE_JAVAC variable is
-	// set in an RBE enabled build.
-	RBE_JAVAC
-	// RBE_R8 indicates the rule should use RBE only if the RBE_R8 variable is set in
-	// an RBE enabled build.
-	RBE_R8
-	// RBE_D8 indicates the rule should use RBE only if the RBE_D8 variable is set in
-	// an RBE enabled build.
-	RBE_D8
-)
-
 // RemoteRuleSupports configures rules with whether they have Goma and/or RBE support.
 type RemoteRuleSupports struct {
-	Goma    bool
-	RBE     bool
-	RBEFlag RBEExperimentalFlag
+	Goma bool
+	RBE  bool
 }
 
 // AndroidRemoteStaticRule wraps blueprint.StaticRule but uses goma or RBE's parallelism if goma or RBE are enabled
@@ -277,18 +257,6 @@
 			params.Pool = localPool
 		}
 
-		if ctx.Config().UseRBE() && supports.RBE {
-			if supports.RBEFlag == RBE_JAVAC && !ctx.Config().UseRBEJAVAC() {
-				params.Pool = localPool
-			}
-			if supports.RBEFlag == RBE_R8 && !ctx.Config().UseRBER8() {
-				params.Pool = localPool
-			}
-			if supports.RBEFlag == RBE_D8 && !ctx.Config().UseRBED8() {
-				params.Pool = localPool
-			}
-		}
-
 		return params, nil
 	}, argNames...)
 }
diff --git a/apex/apex.go b/apex/apex.go
index 043f1a9..714cf9c 100644
--- a/apex/apex.go
+++ b/apex/apex.go
@@ -62,6 +62,7 @@
 	certificateTag = dependencyTag{name: "certificate"}
 	usesTag        = dependencyTag{name: "uses"}
 	androidAppTag  = dependencyTag{name: "androidApp", payload: true}
+	rroTag         = dependencyTag{name: "rro", payload: true}
 	apexAvailWl    = makeApexAvailableWhitelist()
 
 	inverseApexAvailWl = invertApexWhiteList(apexAvailWl)
@@ -1118,6 +1119,9 @@
 	// List of APKs to package inside APEX
 	Apps []string
 
+	// List of runtime resource overlays (RROs) inside APEX
+	Rros []string
+
 	// Names of modules to be overridden. Listed modules can only be other binaries
 	// (in Make or Soong).
 	// This does not completely prevent installation of the overridden binaries, but if both
@@ -1528,6 +1532,8 @@
 func (a *apexBundle) OverridablePropertiesDepsMutator(ctx android.BottomUpMutatorContext) {
 	ctx.AddFarVariationDependencies(ctx.Config().AndroidCommonTarget.Variations(),
 		androidAppTag, a.overridableProperties.Apps...)
+	ctx.AddFarVariationDependencies(ctx.Config().AndroidCommonTarget.Variations(),
+		rroTag, a.overridableProperties.Rros...)
 }
 
 func (a *apexBundle) DepIsInSameApex(ctx android.BaseModuleContext, dep android.Module) bool {
@@ -1745,6 +1751,21 @@
 	return af
 }
 
+func apexFileForRuntimeResourceOverlay(ctx android.BaseModuleContext, rro java.RuntimeResourceOverlayModule) apexFile {
+	rroDir := "overlay"
+	dirInApex := filepath.Join(rroDir, rro.Theme())
+	fileToCopy := rro.OutputFile()
+	af := newApexFile(ctx, fileToCopy, rro.Name(), dirInApex, app, rro)
+	af.certificate = rro.Certificate()
+
+	if a, ok := rro.(interface {
+		OverriddenManifestPackageName() string
+	}); ok {
+		af.overriddenPackageName = a.OverriddenManifestPackageName()
+	}
+	return af
+}
+
 // Context "decorator", overriding the InstallBypassMake method to always reply `true`.
 type flattenedApexContext struct {
 	android.ModuleContext
@@ -2038,6 +2059,12 @@
 				} else {
 					ctx.PropertyErrorf("apps", "%q is not an android_app module", depName)
 				}
+			case rroTag:
+				if rro, ok := child.(java.RuntimeResourceOverlayModule); ok {
+					filesInfo = append(filesInfo, apexFileForRuntimeResourceOverlay(ctx, rro))
+				} else {
+					ctx.PropertyErrorf("rros", "%q is not an runtime_resource_overlay module", depName)
+				}
 			case prebuiltTag:
 				if prebuilt, ok := child.(android.PrebuiltEtcModule); ok {
 					filesInfo = append(filesInfo, apexFileForPrebuiltEtc(ctx, prebuilt, depName))
diff --git a/apex/apex_test.go b/apex/apex_test.go
index c4ab0be..dea7a08 100644
--- a/apex/apex_test.go
+++ b/apex/apex_test.go
@@ -521,6 +521,7 @@
 			native_shared_libs: ["mylib"],
 			java_libs: ["myjar"],
 			apps: ["AppFoo"],
+			rros: ["rro"],
 		}
 
 		prebuilt_etc {
@@ -561,12 +562,19 @@
 			system_modules: "none",
 			apex_available: [ "myapex" ],
 		}
+
+		runtime_resource_overlay {
+			name: "rro",
+			theme: "blue",
+		}
+
 	`)
 	ensureExactContents(t, ctx, "myapex", "android_common_myapex_image", []string{
 		"etc/myetc",
 		"javalib/myjar.jar",
 		"lib64/mylib.so",
 		"app/AppFoo/AppFoo.apk",
+		"overlay/blue/rro.apk",
 	})
 }
 
diff --git a/cc/config/global.go b/cc/config/global.go
index 39c4c33..f9255be 100644
--- a/cc/config/global.go
+++ b/cc/config/global.go
@@ -257,10 +257,10 @@
 		return ""
 	})
 
-	pctx.VariableFunc("RECXXPool", envOverrideFunc("RBE_CXX_POOL", remoteexec.DefaultPool))
-	pctx.VariableFunc("RECXXLinksPool", envOverrideFunc("RBE_CXX_LINKS_POOL", remoteexec.DefaultPool))
-	pctx.VariableFunc("RECXXLinksExecStrategy", envOverrideFunc("RBE_CXX_LINKS_EXEC_STRATEGY", remoteexec.LocalExecStrategy))
-	pctx.VariableFunc("REAbiDumperExecStrategy", envOverrideFunc("RBE_ABI_DUMPER_EXEC_STRATEGY", remoteexec.LocalExecStrategy))
+	pctx.VariableFunc("RECXXPool", remoteexec.EnvOverrideFunc("RBE_CXX_POOL", remoteexec.DefaultPool))
+	pctx.VariableFunc("RECXXLinksPool", remoteexec.EnvOverrideFunc("RBE_CXX_LINKS_POOL", remoteexec.DefaultPool))
+	pctx.VariableFunc("RECXXLinksExecStrategy", remoteexec.EnvOverrideFunc("RBE_CXX_LINKS_EXEC_STRATEGY", remoteexec.LocalExecStrategy))
+	pctx.VariableFunc("REAbiDumperExecStrategy", remoteexec.EnvOverrideFunc("RBE_ABI_DUMPER_EXEC_STRATEGY", remoteexec.LocalExecStrategy))
 }
 
 var HostPrebuiltTag = pctx.VariableConfigMethod("HostPrebuiltTag", android.Config.PrebuiltOS)
diff --git a/java/app.go b/java/app.go
index f296f7b..4f4a8d3 100755
--- a/java/app.go
+++ b/java/app.go
@@ -1424,6 +1424,15 @@
 	Overrides []string
 }
 
+// RuntimeResourceOverlayModule interface is used by the apex package to gather information from
+// a RuntimeResourceOverlay module.
+type RuntimeResourceOverlayModule interface {
+	android.Module
+	OutputFile() android.Path
+	Certificate() Certificate
+	Theme() string
+}
+
 func (r *RuntimeResourceOverlay) DepsMutator(ctx android.BottomUpMutatorContext) {
 	sdkDep := decodeSdkDep(ctx, sdkContext(r))
 	if sdkDep.hasFrameworkLibs() {
@@ -1476,6 +1485,18 @@
 	return r.sdkVersion()
 }
 
+func (r *RuntimeResourceOverlay) Certificate() Certificate {
+	return r.certificate
+}
+
+func (r *RuntimeResourceOverlay) OutputFile() android.Path {
+	return r.outputFile
+}
+
+func (r *RuntimeResourceOverlay) Theme() string {
+	return String(r.properties.Theme)
+}
+
 // runtime_resource_overlay generates a resource-only apk file that can overlay application and
 // system resources at run time.
 func RuntimeResourceOverlayFactory() android.Module {
diff --git a/java/builder.go b/java/builder.go
index 6844809..3a4a10d 100644
--- a/java/builder.go
+++ b/java/builder.go
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@
 	"github.com/google/blueprint/proptools"
 
 	"android/soong/android"
+	"android/soong/remoteexec"
 )
 
 var (
@@ -39,12 +40,12 @@
 	// (if the rule produces .class files) or a .srcjar file (if the rule produces .java files).
 	// .srcjar files are unzipped into a temporary directory when compiled with javac.
 	// TODO(b/143658984): goma can't handle the --system argument to javac.
-	javac = pctx.AndroidRemoteStaticRule("javac", android.RemoteRuleSupports{Goma: false, RBE: true, RBEFlag: android.RBE_JAVAC},
+	javac, javacRE = remoteexec.StaticRules(pctx, "javac",
 		blueprint.RuleParams{
 			Command: `rm -rf "$outDir" "$annoDir" "$srcJarDir" && mkdir -p "$outDir" "$annoDir" "$srcJarDir" && ` +
 				`${config.ZipSyncCmd} -d $srcJarDir -l $srcJarDir/list -f "*.java" $srcJars && ` +
 				`(if [ -s $srcJarDir/list ] || [ -s $out.rsp ] ; then ` +
-				`${config.SoongJavacWrapper} ${config.JavacWrapper}${config.JavacCmd} ` +
+				`${config.SoongJavacWrapper} $reTemplate${config.JavacCmd} ` +
 				`${config.JavacHeapFlags} ${config.JavacVmFlags} ${config.CommonJdkFlags} ` +
 				`$processorpath $processor $javacFlags $bootClasspath $classpath ` +
 				`-source $javaVersion -target $javaVersion ` +
@@ -59,9 +60,12 @@
 			CommandOrderOnly: []string{"${config.SoongJavacWrapper}"},
 			Rspfile:          "$out.rsp",
 			RspfileContent:   "$in",
-		},
-		"javacFlags", "bootClasspath", "classpath", "processorpath", "processor", "srcJars", "srcJarDir",
-		"outDir", "annoDir", "javaVersion")
+		}, &remoteexec.REParams{
+			Labels:       map[string]string{"type": "compile", "lang": "java", "compiler": "javac"},
+			ExecStrategy: "${config.REJavacExecStrategy}",
+			Platform:     map[string]string{remoteexec.PoolKey: "${config.REJavaPool}"},
+		}, []string{"javacFlags", "bootClasspath", "classpath", "processorpath", "processor", "srcJars", "srcJarDir",
+			"outDir", "annoDir", "javaVersion"}, nil)
 
 	_ = pctx.VariableFunc("kytheCorpus",
 		func(ctx android.PackageVarContext) string { return ctx.Config().XrefCorpusName() })
@@ -188,6 +192,7 @@
 func init() {
 	pctx.Import("android/soong/android")
 	pctx.Import("android/soong/java/config")
+	pctx.Import("android/soong/remoteexec")
 }
 
 type javaBuilderFlags struct {
@@ -398,8 +403,12 @@
 		outDir = filepath.Join(shardDir, outDir)
 		annoDir = filepath.Join(shardDir, annoDir)
 	}
+	rule := javac
+	if ctx.Config().IsEnvTrue("RBE_JAVAC") {
+		rule = javacRE
+	}
 	ctx.Build(pctx, android.BuildParams{
-		Rule:        javac,
+		Rule:        rule,
 		Description: desc,
 		Output:      outputFile,
 		Inputs:      srcFiles,
diff --git a/java/config/config.go b/java/config/config.go
index 54c89cd..c4f2363 100644
--- a/java/config/config.go
+++ b/java/config/config.go
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@
 	_ "github.com/google/blueprint/bootstrap"
 
 	"android/soong/android"
+	"android/soong/remoteexec"
 )
 
 var (
@@ -137,30 +138,16 @@
 	pctx.HostJavaToolVariable("MetalavaJar", "metalava.jar")
 	pctx.HostJavaToolVariable("DokkaJar", "dokka.jar")
 	pctx.HostJavaToolVariable("JetifierJar", "jetifier.jar")
+	pctx.HostJavaToolVariable("R8Jar", "r8-compat-proguard.jar")
+	pctx.HostJavaToolVariable("D8Jar", "d8.jar")
 
 	pctx.HostBinToolVariable("SoongJavacWrapper", "soong_javac_wrapper")
 	pctx.HostBinToolVariable("DexpreoptGen", "dexpreopt_gen")
 
-	pctx.VariableFunc("JavacWrapper", func(ctx android.PackageVarContext) string {
-		if override := ctx.Config().Getenv("JAVAC_WRAPPER"); override != "" {
-			return override + " "
-		}
-		return ""
-	})
-
-	pctx.VariableFunc("R8Wrapper", func(ctx android.PackageVarContext) string {
-		if override := ctx.Config().Getenv("R8_WRAPPER"); override != "" {
-			return override + " "
-		}
-		return ""
-	})
-
-	pctx.VariableFunc("D8Wrapper", func(ctx android.PackageVarContext) string {
-		if override := ctx.Config().Getenv("D8_WRAPPER"); override != "" {
-			return override + " "
-		}
-		return ""
-	})
+	pctx.VariableFunc("REJavaPool", remoteexec.EnvOverrideFunc("RBE_JAVA_POOL", "java16"))
+	pctx.VariableFunc("REJavacExecStrategy", remoteexec.EnvOverrideFunc("RBE_JAVAC_EXEC_STRATEGY", remoteexec.LocalExecStrategy))
+	pctx.VariableFunc("RED8ExecStrategy", remoteexec.EnvOverrideFunc("RBE_D8_EXEC_STRATEGY", remoteexec.LocalExecStrategy))
+	pctx.VariableFunc("RER8ExecStrategy", remoteexec.EnvOverrideFunc("RBE_R8_EXEC_STRATEGY", remoteexec.LocalExecStrategy))
 
 	pctx.HostJavaToolVariable("JacocoCLIJar", "jacoco-cli.jar")
 
diff --git a/java/dex.go b/java/dex.go
index 6afdb6d..27ec6ee 100644
--- a/java/dex.go
+++ b/java/dex.go
@@ -20,12 +20,13 @@
 	"github.com/google/blueprint"
 
 	"android/soong/android"
+	"android/soong/remoteexec"
 )
 
-var d8 = pctx.AndroidRemoteStaticRule("d8", android.RemoteRuleSupports{RBE: true, RBEFlag: android.RBE_D8},
+var d8, d8RE = remoteexec.StaticRules(pctx, "d8",
 	blueprint.RuleParams{
 		Command: `rm -rf "$outDir" && mkdir -p "$outDir" && ` +
-			`${config.D8Wrapper}${config.D8Cmd} ${config.DexFlags} --output $outDir $d8Flags $in && ` +
+			`$reTemplate${config.D8Cmd} ${config.DexFlags} --output $outDir $d8Flags $in && ` +
 			`${config.SoongZipCmd} $zipFlags -o $outDir/classes.dex.jar -C $outDir -f "$outDir/classes*.dex" && ` +
 			`${config.MergeZipsCmd} -D -stripFile "**/*.class" $out $outDir/classes.dex.jar $in`,
 		CommandDeps: []string{
@@ -33,14 +34,19 @@
 			"${config.SoongZipCmd}",
 			"${config.MergeZipsCmd}",
 		},
-	},
-	"outDir", "d8Flags", "zipFlags")
+	}, &remoteexec.REParams{
+		Labels:          map[string]string{"type": "compile", "compiler": "d8"},
+		Inputs:          []string{"${config.D8Jar}"},
+		ExecStrategy:    "${config.RED8ExecStrategy}",
+		ToolchainInputs: []string{"${config.JavaCmd}"},
+		Platform:        map[string]string{remoteexec.PoolKey: "${config.REJavaPool}"},
+	}, []string{"outDir", "d8Flags", "zipFlags"}, nil)
 
-var r8 = pctx.AndroidRemoteStaticRule("r8", android.RemoteRuleSupports{RBE: true, RBEFlag: android.RBE_R8},
+var r8, r8RE = remoteexec.StaticRules(pctx, "r8",
 	blueprint.RuleParams{
 		Command: `rm -rf "$outDir" && mkdir -p "$outDir" && ` +
 			`rm -f "$outDict" && ` +
-			`${config.R8Wrapper}${config.R8Cmd} ${config.DexFlags} -injars $in --output $outDir ` +
+			`$reTemplate${config.R8Cmd} ${config.DexFlags} -injars $in --output $outDir ` +
 			`--force-proguard-compatibility ` +
 			`--no-data-resources ` +
 			`-printmapping $outDict ` +
@@ -53,8 +59,13 @@
 			"${config.SoongZipCmd}",
 			"${config.MergeZipsCmd}",
 		},
-	},
-	"outDir", "outDict", "r8Flags", "zipFlags")
+	}, &remoteexec.REParams{
+		Labels:          map[string]string{"type": "compile", "compiler": "r8"},
+		Inputs:          []string{"$implicits", "${config.R8Jar}"},
+		ExecStrategy:    "${config.RER8ExecStrategy}",
+		ToolchainInputs: []string{"${config.JavaCmd}"},
+		Platform:        map[string]string{remoteexec.PoolKey: "${config.REJavaPool}"},
+	}, []string{"outDir", "outDict", "r8Flags", "zipFlags"}, []string{"implicits"})
 
 func (j *Module) dexCommonFlags(ctx android.ModuleContext) []string {
 	flags := j.deviceProperties.Dxflags
@@ -185,24 +196,34 @@
 		proguardDictionary := android.PathForModuleOut(ctx, "proguard_dictionary")
 		j.proguardDictionary = proguardDictionary
 		r8Flags, r8Deps := j.r8Flags(ctx, flags)
+		rule := r8
+		args := map[string]string{
+			"r8Flags":  strings.Join(r8Flags, " "),
+			"zipFlags": zipFlags,
+			"outDict":  j.proguardDictionary.String(),
+			"outDir":   outDir.String(),
+		}
+		if ctx.Config().IsEnvTrue("RBE_R8") {
+			rule = r8RE
+			args["implicits"] = strings.Join(r8Deps.Strings(), ",")
+		}
 		ctx.Build(pctx, android.BuildParams{
-			Rule:           r8,
+			Rule:           rule,
 			Description:    "r8",
 			Output:         javalibJar,
 			ImplicitOutput: proguardDictionary,
 			Input:          classesJar,
 			Implicits:      r8Deps,
-			Args: map[string]string{
-				"r8Flags":  strings.Join(r8Flags, " "),
-				"zipFlags": zipFlags,
-				"outDict":  j.proguardDictionary.String(),
-				"outDir":   outDir.String(),
-			},
+			Args:           args,
 		})
 	} else {
 		d8Flags, d8Deps := j.d8Flags(ctx, flags)
+		rule := d8
+		if ctx.Config().IsEnvTrue("RBE_D8") {
+			rule = d8RE
+		}
 		ctx.Build(pctx, android.BuildParams{
-			Rule:        d8,
+			Rule:        rule,
 			Description: "d8",
 			Output:      javalibJar,
 			Input:       classesJar,
diff --git a/java/sdk_library.go b/java/sdk_library.go
index 51e680b..6fa3150 100644
--- a/java/sdk_library.go
+++ b/java/sdk_library.go
@@ -83,9 +83,6 @@
 	// module name.
 	moduleSuffix string
 
-	// The suffix to add to the make variable that references the location of the api file.
-	apiFileMakeVariableSuffix string
-
 	// SDK version that the stubs library is built against. Note that this is always
 	// *current. Older stubs library built with a numbered SDK version is created from
 	// the prebuilt jar.
@@ -133,20 +130,18 @@
 		sdkVersion: "current",
 	})
 	apiScopeSystem = initApiScope(&apiScope{
-		name:                      "system",
-		apiFilePrefix:             "system-",
-		moduleSuffix:              sdkSystemApiSuffix,
-		apiFileMakeVariableSuffix: "_SYSTEM",
-		sdkVersion:                "system_current",
-		droidstubsArgs:            []string{"-showAnnotation android.annotation.SystemApi"},
+		name:           "system",
+		apiFilePrefix:  "system-",
+		moduleSuffix:   sdkSystemApiSuffix,
+		sdkVersion:     "system_current",
+		droidstubsArgs: []string{"-showAnnotation android.annotation.SystemApi"},
 	})
 	apiScopeTest = initApiScope(&apiScope{
-		name:                      "test",
-		apiFilePrefix:             "test-",
-		moduleSuffix:              sdkTestApiSuffix,
-		apiFileMakeVariableSuffix: "_TEST",
-		sdkVersion:                "test_current",
-		droidstubsArgs:            []string{"-showAnnotation android.annotation.TestApi"},
+		name:           "test",
+		apiFilePrefix:  "test-",
+		moduleSuffix:   sdkTestApiSuffix,
+		sdkVersion:     "test_current",
+		droidstubsArgs: []string{"-showAnnotation android.annotation.TestApi"},
 	})
 	allApiScopes = apiScopes{
 		apiScopePublic,
diff --git a/remoteexec/remoteexec.go b/remoteexec/remoteexec.go
index f511922..860db55 100644
--- a/remoteexec/remoteexec.go
+++ b/remoteexec/remoteexec.go
@@ -154,3 +154,14 @@
 	return ctx.AndroidStaticRule(name, ruleParams, commonArgs...),
 		ctx.AndroidRemoteStaticRule(name+"RE", android.RemoteRuleSupports{RBE: true}, ruleParamsRE, append(commonArgs, reArgs...)...)
 }
+
+// EnvOverrideFunc retrieves a variable func that evaluates to the value of the given environment
+// variable if set, otherwise the given default.
+func EnvOverrideFunc(envVar, defaultVal string) func(ctx android.PackageVarContext) string {
+	return func(ctx android.PackageVarContext) string {
+		if override := ctx.Config().Getenv(envVar); override != "" {
+			return override
+		}
+		return defaultVal
+	}
+}
diff --git a/ui/build/config.go b/ui/build/config.go
index 55e0d03..437e441 100644
--- a/ui/build/config.go
+++ b/ui/build/config.go
@@ -783,48 +783,6 @@
 	return false
 }
 
-func (c *configImpl) UseRBEJAVAC() bool {
-	if !c.UseRBE() {
-		return false
-	}
-
-	if v, ok := c.environ.Get("RBE_JAVAC"); ok {
-		v = strings.TrimSpace(v)
-		if v != "" && v != "false" {
-			return true
-		}
-	}
-	return false
-}
-
-func (c *configImpl) UseRBER8() bool {
-	if !c.UseRBE() {
-		return false
-	}
-
-	if v, ok := c.environ.Get("RBE_R8"); ok {
-		v = strings.TrimSpace(v)
-		if v != "" && v != "false" {
-			return true
-		}
-	}
-	return false
-}
-
-func (c *configImpl) UseRBED8() bool {
-	if !c.UseRBE() {
-		return false
-	}
-
-	if v, ok := c.environ.Get("RBE_D8"); ok {
-		v = strings.TrimSpace(v)
-		if v != "" && v != "false" {
-			return true
-		}
-	}
-	return false
-}
-
 func (c *configImpl) StartRBE() bool {
 	if !c.UseRBE() {
 		return false