diff --git a/android/filegroup.go b/android/filegroup.go
index 54d01d3..cbb94b9 100644
--- a/android/filegroup.go
+++ b/android/filegroup.go
@@ -42,6 +42,27 @@
 
 	srcs := bazel.MakeLabelListAttribute(
 		BazelLabelForModuleSrcExcludes(ctx, fg.properties.Srcs, fg.properties.Exclude_srcs))
+
+	// For Bazel compatibility, don't generate the filegroup if there is only 1
+	// source file, and that the source file is named the same as the module
+	// itself. In Bazel, eponymous filegroups like this would be an error.
+	//
+	// Instead, dependents on this single-file filegroup can just depend
+	// on the file target, instead of rule target, directly.
+	//
+	// You may ask: what if a filegroup has multiple files, and one of them
+	// shares the name? The answer: we haven't seen that in the wild, and
+	// should lock Soong itself down to prevent the behavior. For now,
+	// we raise an error if bp2build sees this problem.
+	for _, f := range srcs.Value.Includes {
+		if f.Label == fg.Name() {
+			if len(srcs.Value.Includes) > 1 {
+				ctx.ModuleErrorf("filegroup '%s' cannot contain a file with the same name", fg.Name())
+			}
+			return
+		}
+	}
+
 	attrs := &bazelFilegroupAttributes{
 		Srcs: srcs,
 	}