diff --git a/android/module_context.go b/android/module_context.go
index 0b4d28c..a0a4104 100644
--- a/android/module_context.go
+++ b/android/module_context.go
@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@
 	// installed file will be returned by PackagingSpecs() on this module or by
 	// TransitivePackagingSpecs() on modules that depend on this module through dependency tags
 	// for which IsInstallDepNeeded returns true.
-	InstallExecutable(installPath InstallPath, name string, srcPath Path, deps ...Path) InstallPath
+	InstallExecutable(installPath InstallPath, name string, srcPath Path, deps ...InstallPath) InstallPath
 
 	// InstallFile creates a rule to copy srcPath to name in the installPath directory,
 	// with the given additional dependencies.
@@ -123,7 +123,7 @@
 	// installed file will be returned by PackagingSpecs() on this module or by
 	// TransitivePackagingSpecs() on modules that depend on this module through dependency tags
 	// for which IsInstallDepNeeded returns true.
-	InstallFile(installPath InstallPath, name string, srcPath Path, deps ...Path) InstallPath
+	InstallFile(installPath InstallPath, name string, srcPath Path, deps ...InstallPath) InstallPath
 
 	// InstallFileWithExtraFilesZip creates a rule to copy srcPath to name in the installPath
 	// directory, and also unzip a zip file containing extra files to install into the same
@@ -133,7 +133,7 @@
 	// installed file will be returned by PackagingSpecs() on this module or by
 	// TransitivePackagingSpecs() on modules that depend on this module through dependency tags
 	// for which IsInstallDepNeeded returns true.
-	InstallFileWithExtraFilesZip(installPath InstallPath, name string, srcPath Path, extraZip Path, deps ...Path) InstallPath
+	InstallFileWithExtraFilesZip(installPath InstallPath, name string, srcPath Path, extraZip Path, deps ...InstallPath) InstallPath
 
 	// InstallSymlink creates a rule to create a symlink from src srcPath to name in the installPath
 	// directory.
@@ -451,17 +451,17 @@
 }
 
 func (m *moduleContext) InstallFile(installPath InstallPath, name string, srcPath Path,
-	deps ...Path) InstallPath {
+	deps ...InstallPath) InstallPath {
 	return m.installFile(installPath, name, srcPath, deps, false, nil)
 }
 
 func (m *moduleContext) InstallExecutable(installPath InstallPath, name string, srcPath Path,
-	deps ...Path) InstallPath {
+	deps ...InstallPath) InstallPath {
 	return m.installFile(installPath, name, srcPath, deps, true, nil)
 }
 
 func (m *moduleContext) InstallFileWithExtraFilesZip(installPath InstallPath, name string, srcPath Path,
-	extraZip Path, deps ...Path) InstallPath {
+	extraZip Path, deps ...InstallPath) InstallPath {
 	return m.installFile(installPath, name, srcPath, deps, false, &extraFilesZip{
 		zip: extraZip,
 		dir: installPath,
@@ -487,23 +487,23 @@
 	return spec
 }
 
-func (m *moduleContext) installFile(installPath InstallPath, name string, srcPath Path, deps []Path,
+func (m *moduleContext) installFile(installPath InstallPath, name string, srcPath Path, deps []InstallPath,
 	executable bool, extraZip *extraFilesZip) InstallPath {
 
 	fullInstallPath := installPath.Join(m, name)
 	m.module.base().hooks.runInstallHooks(m, srcPath, fullInstallPath, false)
 
 	if !m.skipInstall() {
-		deps = append(deps, InstallPaths(m.module.base().installFilesDepSet.ToList()).Paths()...)
+		deps = append(deps, InstallPaths(m.module.base().installFilesDepSet.ToList())...)
 
 		var implicitDeps, orderOnlyDeps Paths
 
 		if m.Host() {
 			// Installed host modules might be used during the build, depend directly on their
 			// dependencies so their timestamp is updated whenever their dependency is updated
-			implicitDeps = deps
+			implicitDeps = InstallPaths(deps).Paths()
 		} else {
-			orderOnlyDeps = deps
+			orderOnlyDeps = InstallPaths(deps).Paths()
 		}
 
 		if m.Config().KatiEnabled() {
diff --git a/android/paths.go b/android/paths.go
index a6cda38..37504b6 100644
--- a/android/paths.go
+++ b/android/paths.go
@@ -2210,6 +2210,14 @@
 	RelativeInstallPath string
 }
 
+func (d *DataPath) ToRelativeInstallPath() string {
+	relPath := d.SrcPath.Rel()
+	if d.RelativeInstallPath != "" {
+		relPath = filepath.Join(d.RelativeInstallPath, relPath)
+	}
+	return relPath
+}
+
 // PathsIfNonNil returns a Paths containing only the non-nil input arguments.
 func PathsIfNonNil(paths ...Path) Paths {
 	if len(paths) == 0 {
diff --git a/apex/apex.go b/apex/apex.go
index 4c02305..ecc794b 100644
--- a/apex/apex.go
+++ b/apex/apex.go
@@ -1890,7 +1890,7 @@
 		installSuffix = imageCapexSuffix
 	}
 	a.installedFile = ctx.InstallFile(a.installDir, a.Name()+installSuffix, a.outputFile,
-		a.compatSymlinks.Paths()...)
+		a.compatSymlinks...)
 
 	// filesInfo in mixed mode must retrieve all information about the apex's
 	// contents completely from the Starlark providers. It should never rely on
diff --git a/apex/builder.go b/apex/builder.go
index ba4df5f..9f9e486 100644
--- a/apex/builder.go
+++ b/apex/builder.go
@@ -563,13 +563,8 @@
 		// Copy the test files (if any)
 		for _, d := range fi.dataPaths {
 			// TODO(eakammer): This is now the third repetition of ~this logic for test paths, refactoring should be possible
-			relPath := d.SrcPath.Rel()
-			dataPath := d.SrcPath.String()
-			if !strings.HasSuffix(dataPath, relPath) {
-				panic(fmt.Errorf("path %q does not end with %q", dataPath, relPath))
-			}
-
-			dataDest := imageDir.Join(ctx, fi.apexRelativePath(relPath), d.RelativeInstallPath).String()
+			relPath := d.ToRelativeInstallPath()
+			dataDest := imageDir.Join(ctx, fi.apexRelativePath(relPath)).String()
 
 			copyCommands = append(copyCommands, "cp -f "+d.SrcPath.String()+" "+dataDest)
 			implicitInputs = append(implicitInputs, d.SrcPath)
@@ -956,7 +951,7 @@
 
 	// Install to $OUT/soong/{target,host}/.../apex.
 	a.installedFile = ctx.InstallFile(a.installDir, a.Name()+installSuffix, a.outputFile,
-		a.compatSymlinks.Paths()...)
+		a.compatSymlinks...)
 
 	// installed-files.txt is dist'ed
 	a.installedFilesFile = a.buildInstalledFilesFile(ctx, a.outputFile, imageDir)
@@ -1095,7 +1090,8 @@
 		if f.installDir == "bin" || strings.HasPrefix(f.installDir, "bin/") {
 			executablePaths = append(executablePaths, pathInApex)
 			for _, d := range f.dataPaths {
-				readOnlyPaths = append(readOnlyPaths, filepath.Join(f.installDir, d.RelativeInstallPath, d.SrcPath.Rel()))
+				rel := d.ToRelativeInstallPath()
+				readOnlyPaths = append(readOnlyPaths, filepath.Join(f.installDir, rel))
 			}
 			for _, s := range f.symlinks {
 				executablePaths = append(executablePaths, filepath.Join(f.installDir, s))
diff --git a/apex/prebuilt.go b/apex/prebuilt.go
index 7a9d23e..7d339d5 100644
--- a/apex/prebuilt.go
+++ b/apex/prebuilt.go
@@ -794,7 +794,7 @@
 	}
 
 	if p.installable() {
-		p.installedFile = ctx.InstallFile(p.installDir, p.installFilename, p.inputApex, p.compatSymlinks.Paths()...)
+		p.installedFile = ctx.InstallFile(p.installDir, p.installFilename, p.inputApex, p.compatSymlinks...)
 		p.provenanceMetaDataFile = provenance.GenerateArtifactProvenanceMetaData(ctx, p.inputApex, p.installedFile)
 	}
 }
diff --git a/java/app.go b/java/app.go
index 9b7f4c4..6d7411d 100755
--- a/java/app.go
+++ b/java/app.go
@@ -869,7 +869,7 @@
 			ctx.InstallFile(allowlistInstallPath, allowlistInstallFilename, a.privAppAllowlist.Path())
 		}
 
-		var extraInstalledPaths android.Paths
+		var extraInstalledPaths android.InstallPaths
 		for _, extra := range a.extraOutputFiles {
 			installed := ctx.InstallFile(a.installDir, extra.Base(), extra)
 			extraInstalledPaths = append(extraInstalledPaths, installed)
diff --git a/java/java.go b/java/java.go
index 500ae37..bb9357c 100644
--- a/java/java.go
+++ b/java/java.go
@@ -641,7 +641,7 @@
 
 	exportedProguardFlagFiles android.Paths
 
-	InstallMixin func(ctx android.ModuleContext, installPath android.Path) (extraInstallDeps android.Paths)
+	InstallMixin func(ctx android.ModuleContext, installPath android.Path) (extraInstallDeps android.InstallPaths)
 }
 
 var _ android.ApexModule = (*Library)(nil)
@@ -722,7 +722,7 @@
 
 	exclusivelyForApex := !apexInfo.IsForPlatform()
 	if (Bool(j.properties.Installable) || ctx.Host()) && !exclusivelyForApex {
-		var extraInstallDeps android.Paths
+		var extraInstallDeps android.InstallPaths
 		if j.InstallMixin != nil {
 			extraInstallDeps = j.InstallMixin(ctx, j.outputFile)
 		}
diff --git a/java/robolectric.go b/java/robolectric.go
index a8e6bfa..a66b310 100644
--- a/java/robolectric.go
+++ b/java/robolectric.go
@@ -226,7 +226,7 @@
 	}
 
 	installPath := android.PathForModuleInstall(ctx, r.BaseModuleName())
-	var installDeps android.Paths
+	var installDeps android.InstallPaths
 
 	if r.manifest != nil {
 		r.data = append(r.data, r.manifest)
diff --git a/java/tradefed.go b/java/tradefed.go
index ebbdec1..349b327 100644
--- a/java/tradefed.go
+++ b/java/tradefed.go
@@ -30,8 +30,8 @@
 	return module
 }
 
-func tradefedJavaLibraryInstall(ctx android.ModuleContext, path android.Path) android.Paths {
+func tradefedJavaLibraryInstall(ctx android.ModuleContext, path android.Path) android.InstallPaths {
 	installedPath := ctx.InstallFile(android.PathForModuleInstall(ctx, "tradefed"),
 		ctx.ModuleName()+".jar", path)
-	return android.Paths{installedPath}
+	return android.InstallPaths{installedPath}
 }