diff --git a/apex/Android.bp b/apex/Android.bp
index 144f441..1a5f683 100644
--- a/apex/Android.bp
+++ b/apex/Android.bp
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
         "blueprint",
         "soong",
         "soong-android",
+        "soong-bpf",
         "soong-cc",
         "soong-java",
         "soong-python",
diff --git a/apex/apex.go b/apex/apex.go
index c802413..62d91da 100644
--- a/apex/apex.go
+++ b/apex/apex.go
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@
 	"github.com/google/blueprint/proptools"
 
 	"android/soong/android"
+	"android/soong/bpf"
 	"android/soong/cc"
 	prebuilt_etc "android/soong/etc"
 	"android/soong/java"
@@ -66,6 +67,7 @@
 	usesTag        = dependencyTag{name: "uses"}
 	androidAppTag  = dependencyTag{name: "androidApp", payload: true}
 	rroTag         = dependencyTag{name: "rro", payload: true}
+	bpfTag         = dependencyTag{name: "bpf", payload: true}
 
 	apexAvailBaseline = makeApexAvailableBaseline()
 
@@ -961,6 +963,9 @@
 	// List of prebuilt files that are embedded inside this APEX bundle
 	Prebuilts []string
 
+	// List of BPF programs inside APEX
+	Bpfs []string
+
 	// Name of the apex_key module that provides the private key to sign APEX
 	Key *string
 
@@ -1477,6 +1482,9 @@
 	ctx.AddFarVariationDependencies(ctx.Config().AndroidCommonTarget.Variations(),
 		javaLibTag, a.properties.Java_libs...)
 
+	ctx.AddFarVariationDependencies(ctx.Config().AndroidCommonTarget.Variations(),
+		bpfTag, a.properties.Bpfs...)
+
 	// With EMMA_INSTRUMENT_FRAMEWORK=true the ART boot image includes jacoco library.
 	if a.artApex && ctx.Config().IsEnvTrue("EMMA_INSTRUMENT_FRAMEWORK") {
 		ctx.AddFarVariationDependencies(ctx.Config().AndroidCommonTarget.Variations(),
@@ -1797,6 +1805,11 @@
 	return af
 }
 
+func apexFileForBpfProgram(ctx android.BaseModuleContext, builtFile android.Path, bpfProgram bpf.BpfModule) apexFile {
+	dirInApex := filepath.Join("etc", "bpf")
+	return newApexFile(ctx, builtFile, builtFile.Base(), dirInApex, etc, bpfProgram)
+}
+
 // Context "decorator", overriding the InstallBypassMake method to always reply `true`.
 type flattenedApexContext struct {
 	android.ModuleContext
@@ -2132,6 +2145,15 @@
 				} else {
 					ctx.PropertyErrorf("rros", "%q is not an runtime_resource_overlay module", depName)
 				}
+			case bpfTag:
+				if bpfProgram, ok := child.(bpf.BpfModule); ok {
+					filesToCopy, _ := bpfProgram.OutputFiles("")
+					for _, bpfFile := range filesToCopy {
+						filesInfo = append(filesInfo, apexFileForBpfProgram(ctx, bpfFile, bpfProgram))
+					}
+				} else {
+					ctx.PropertyErrorf("bpfs", "%q is not a bpf module", depName)
+				}
 			case prebuiltTag:
 				if prebuilt, ok := child.(prebuilt_etc.PrebuiltEtcModule); ok {
 					filesInfo = append(filesInfo, apexFileForPrebuiltEtc(ctx, prebuilt, depName))
diff --git a/apex/apex_test.go b/apex/apex_test.go
index 391fca0..2950c6a 100644
--- a/apex/apex_test.go
+++ b/apex/apex_test.go
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@
 	"github.com/google/blueprint/proptools"
 
 	"android/soong/android"
+	"android/soong/bpf"
 	"android/soong/cc"
 	"android/soong/dexpreopt"
 	prebuilt_etc "android/soong/etc"
@@ -257,6 +258,7 @@
 	java.RegisterAppBuildComponents(ctx)
 	java.RegisterSdkLibraryBuildComponents(ctx)
 	ctx.RegisterSingletonType("apex_keys_text", apexKeysTextFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("bpf", bpf.BpfFactory)
 
 	ctx.PreDepsMutators(RegisterPreDepsMutators)
 	ctx.PostDepsMutators(RegisterPostDepsMutators)
@@ -606,6 +608,7 @@
 			java_libs: ["myjar"],
 			apps: ["AppFoo"],
 			rros: ["rro"],
+			bpfs: ["bpf"],
 		}
 
 		prebuilt_etc {
@@ -652,6 +655,11 @@
 			theme: "blue",
 		}
 
+		bpf {
+			name: "bpf",
+			srcs: ["bpf.c", "bpf2.c"],
+		}
+
 	`)
 	ensureExactContents(t, ctx, "myapex", "android_common_myapex_image", []string{
 		"etc/myetc",
@@ -659,6 +667,8 @@
 		"lib64/mylib.so",
 		"app/AppFoo/AppFoo.apk",
 		"overlay/blue/rro.apk",
+		"etc/bpf/bpf.o",
+		"etc/bpf/bpf2.o",
 	})
 }
 
diff --git a/bpf/bpf.go b/bpf/bpf.go
index 4cdfb31..297e13a 100644
--- a/bpf/bpf.go
+++ b/bpf/bpf.go
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@
 )
 
 func init() {
-	android.RegisterModuleType("bpf", bpfFactory)
+	android.RegisterModuleType("bpf", BpfFactory)
 	pctx.Import("android/soong/cc/config")
 }
 
@@ -43,6 +43,13 @@
 		"ccCmd", "cFlags")
 )
 
+// BpfModule interface is used by the apex package to gather information from a bpf module.
+type BpfModule interface {
+	android.Module
+
+	OutputFiles(tag string) (android.Paths, error)
+}
+
 type BpfProperties struct {
 	Srcs         []string `android:"path"`
 	Cflags       []string
@@ -141,7 +148,7 @@
 
 var _ android.OutputFileProducer = (*bpf)(nil)
 
-func bpfFactory() android.Module {
+func BpfFactory() android.Module {
 	module := &bpf{}
 
 	module.AddProperties(&module.properties)
diff --git a/bpf/bpf_test.go b/bpf/bpf_test.go
index eeca057..d06d7d1 100644
--- a/bpf/bpf_test.go
+++ b/bpf/bpf_test.go
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@
 
 func testContext(config android.Config) *android.TestContext {
 	ctx := cc.CreateTestContext()
-	ctx.RegisterModuleType("bpf", bpfFactory)
+	ctx.RegisterModuleType("bpf", BpfFactory)
 	ctx.Register(config)
 
 	return ctx
diff --git a/cc/cc.go b/cc/cc.go
index 9196d47..70229be 100644
--- a/cc/cc.go
+++ b/cc/cc.go
@@ -280,6 +280,13 @@
 	// Set when both SDK and platform variants are exported to Make to trigger renaming the SDK
 	// variant to have a ".sdk" suffix.
 	SdkAndPlatformVariantVisibleToMake bool `blueprint:"mutated"`
+
+	// Normally Soong uses the directory structure to decide which modules
+	// should be included (framework) or excluded (non-framework) from the
+	// vendor snapshot, but this property allows a partner to exclude a
+	// module normally thought of as a framework module from the vendor
+	// snapshot.
+	Exclude_from_vendor_snapshot *bool
 }
 
 type VendorProperties struct {
@@ -1108,6 +1115,10 @@
 	return nil
 }
 
+func (c *Module) ExcludeFromVendorSnapshot() bool {
+	return Bool(c.Properties.Exclude_from_vendor_snapshot)
+}
+
 func isBionic(name string) bool {
 	switch name {
 	case "libc", "libm", "libdl", "libdl_android", "linker":
diff --git a/cc/cc_test.go b/cc/cc_test.go
index 77b5c52..78d8428 100644
--- a/cc/cc_test.go
+++ b/cc/cc_test.go
@@ -258,7 +258,8 @@
 	}
 }
 
-func checkSnapshot(t *testing.T, ctx *android.TestContext, singleton android.TestingSingleton, moduleName, snapshotFilename, subDir, variant string) {
+func checkSnapshotIncludeExclude(t *testing.T, ctx *android.TestContext, singleton android.TestingSingleton, moduleName, snapshotFilename, subDir, variant string, include bool) {
+	t.Helper()
 	mod, ok := ctx.ModuleForTests(moduleName, variant).Module().(android.OutputFileProducer)
 	if !ok {
 		t.Errorf("%q must have output\n", moduleName)
@@ -271,12 +272,27 @@
 	}
 	snapshotPath := filepath.Join(subDir, snapshotFilename)
 
-	out := singleton.Output(snapshotPath)
-	if out.Input.String() != outputFiles[0].String() {
-		t.Errorf("The input of snapshot %q must be %q, but %q", moduleName, out.Input.String(), outputFiles[0])
+	if include {
+		out := singleton.Output(snapshotPath)
+		if out.Input.String() != outputFiles[0].String() {
+			t.Errorf("The input of snapshot %q must be %q, but %q", moduleName, out.Input.String(), outputFiles[0])
+		}
+	} else {
+		out := singleton.MaybeOutput(snapshotPath)
+		if out.Rule != nil {
+			t.Errorf("There must be no rule for module %q output file %q", moduleName, outputFiles[0])
+		}
 	}
 }
 
+func checkSnapshot(t *testing.T, ctx *android.TestContext, singleton android.TestingSingleton, moduleName, snapshotFilename, subDir, variant string) {
+	checkSnapshotIncludeExclude(t, ctx, singleton, moduleName, snapshotFilename, subDir, variant, true)
+}
+
+func checkSnapshotExclude(t *testing.T, ctx *android.TestContext, singleton android.TestingSingleton, moduleName, snapshotFilename, subDir, variant string) {
+	checkSnapshotIncludeExclude(t, ctx, singleton, moduleName, snapshotFilename, subDir, variant, false)
+}
+
 func checkWriteFileOutput(t *testing.T, params android.TestingBuildParams, expected []string) {
 	t.Helper()
 	assertString(t, params.Rule.String(), android.WriteFile.String())
@@ -1096,6 +1112,203 @@
 	assertString(t, staticCfiModule.outputFile.Path().Base(), "libsnapshot.cfi.a")
 }
 
+func assertExcludeFromVendorSnapshotIs(t *testing.T, c *Module, expected bool) {
+	t.Helper()
+	if c.ExcludeFromVendorSnapshot() != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected %q ExcludeFromVendorSnapshot to be %t", c.String(), expected)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestVendorSnapshotExclude(t *testing.T) {
+
+	// This test verifies that the exclude_from_vendor_snapshot property
+	// makes its way from the Android.bp source file into the module data
+	// structure. It also verifies that modules are correctly included or
+	// excluded in the vendor snapshot based on their path (framework or
+	// vendor) and the exclude_from_vendor_snapshot property.
+
+	frameworkBp := `
+		cc_library_shared {
+			name: "libinclude",
+			srcs: ["src/include.cpp"],
+			vendor_available: true,
+		}
+		cc_library_shared {
+			name: "libexclude",
+			srcs: ["src/exclude.cpp"],
+			vendor: true,
+			exclude_from_vendor_snapshot: true,
+		}
+	`
+
+	vendorProprietaryBp := `
+		cc_library_shared {
+			name: "libvendor",
+			srcs: ["vendor.cpp"],
+			vendor: true,
+		}
+	`
+
+	depsBp := GatherRequiredDepsForTest(android.Android)
+
+	mockFS := map[string][]byte{
+		"deps/Android.bp":       []byte(depsBp),
+		"framework/Android.bp":  []byte(frameworkBp),
+		"framework/include.cpp": nil,
+		"framework/exclude.cpp": nil,
+		"device/Android.bp":     []byte(vendorProprietaryBp),
+		"device/vendor.cpp":     nil,
+	}
+
+	config := TestConfig(buildDir, android.Android, nil, "", mockFS)
+	config.TestProductVariables.DeviceVndkVersion = StringPtr("current")
+	config.TestProductVariables.Platform_vndk_version = StringPtr("VER")
+	ctx := CreateTestContext()
+	ctx.Register(config)
+
+	_, errs := ctx.ParseFileList(".", []string{"deps/Android.bp", "framework/Android.bp", "device/Android.bp"})
+	android.FailIfErrored(t, errs)
+	_, errs = ctx.PrepareBuildActions(config)
+	android.FailIfErrored(t, errs)
+
+	// Test an include and exclude framework module.
+	assertExcludeFromVendorSnapshotIs(t, ctx.ModuleForTests("libinclude", coreVariant).Module().(*Module), false)
+	assertExcludeFromVendorSnapshotIs(t, ctx.ModuleForTests("libinclude", vendorVariant).Module().(*Module), false)
+	assertExcludeFromVendorSnapshotIs(t, ctx.ModuleForTests("libexclude", vendorVariant).Module().(*Module), true)
+
+	// A vendor module is excluded, but by its path, not the
+	// exclude_from_vendor_snapshot property.
+	assertExcludeFromVendorSnapshotIs(t, ctx.ModuleForTests("libvendor", vendorVariant).Module().(*Module), false)
+
+	// Verify the content of the vendor snapshot.
+
+	snapshotDir := "vendor-snapshot"
+	snapshotVariantPath := filepath.Join(buildDir, snapshotDir, "arm64")
+	snapshotSingleton := ctx.SingletonForTests("vendor-snapshot")
+
+	var includeJsonFiles []string
+	var excludeJsonFiles []string
+
+	for _, arch := range [][]string{
+		[]string{"arm64", "armv8-a"},
+		[]string{"arm", "armv7-a-neon"},
+	} {
+		archType := arch[0]
+		archVariant := arch[1]
+		archDir := fmt.Sprintf("arch-%s-%s", archType, archVariant)
+
+		sharedVariant := fmt.Sprintf("android_vendor.VER_%s_%s_shared", archType, archVariant)
+		sharedDir := filepath.Join(snapshotVariantPath, archDir, "shared")
+
+		// Included modules
+		checkSnapshot(t, ctx, snapshotSingleton, "libinclude", "libinclude.so", sharedDir, sharedVariant)
+		includeJsonFiles = append(includeJsonFiles, filepath.Join(sharedDir, "libinclude.so.json"))
+
+		// Excluded modules
+		checkSnapshotExclude(t, ctx, snapshotSingleton, "libexclude", "libexclude.so", sharedDir, sharedVariant)
+		excludeJsonFiles = append(excludeJsonFiles, filepath.Join(sharedDir, "libexclude.so.json"))
+		checkSnapshotExclude(t, ctx, snapshotSingleton, "libvendor", "libvendor.so", sharedDir, sharedVariant)
+		excludeJsonFiles = append(excludeJsonFiles, filepath.Join(sharedDir, "libvendor.so.json"))
+	}
+
+	// Verify that each json file for an included module has a rule.
+	for _, jsonFile := range includeJsonFiles {
+		if snapshotSingleton.MaybeOutput(jsonFile).Rule == nil {
+			t.Errorf("include json file %q not found", jsonFile)
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Verify that each json file for an excluded module has no rule.
+	for _, jsonFile := range excludeJsonFiles {
+		if snapshotSingleton.MaybeOutput(jsonFile).Rule != nil {
+			t.Errorf("exclude json file %q found", jsonFile)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestVendorSnapshotExcludeInVendorProprietaryPathErrors(t *testing.T) {
+
+	// This test verifies that using the exclude_from_vendor_snapshot
+	// property on a module in a vendor proprietary path generates an
+	// error. These modules are already excluded, so we prohibit using the
+	// property in this way, which could add to confusion.
+
+	vendorProprietaryBp := `
+		cc_library_shared {
+			name: "libvendor",
+			srcs: ["vendor.cpp"],
+			vendor: true,
+			exclude_from_vendor_snapshot: true,
+		}
+	`
+
+	depsBp := GatherRequiredDepsForTest(android.Android)
+
+	mockFS := map[string][]byte{
+		"deps/Android.bp":   []byte(depsBp),
+		"device/Android.bp": []byte(vendorProprietaryBp),
+		"device/vendor.cpp": nil,
+	}
+
+	config := TestConfig(buildDir, android.Android, nil, "", mockFS)
+	config.TestProductVariables.DeviceVndkVersion = StringPtr("current")
+	config.TestProductVariables.Platform_vndk_version = StringPtr("VER")
+	ctx := CreateTestContext()
+	ctx.Register(config)
+
+	_, errs := ctx.ParseFileList(".", []string{"deps/Android.bp", "device/Android.bp"})
+	android.FailIfErrored(t, errs)
+
+	_, errs = ctx.PrepareBuildActions(config)
+	android.CheckErrorsAgainstExpectations(t, errs, []string{
+		`module "libvendor\{.+,image:vendor.+,arch:arm64_.+\}" in vendor proprietary path "device" may not use "exclude_from_vendor_snapshot: true"`,
+		`module "libvendor\{.+,image:vendor.+,arch:arm_.+\}" in vendor proprietary path "device" may not use "exclude_from_vendor_snapshot: true"`,
+	})
+}
+
+func TestVendorSnapshotExcludeWithVendorAvailable(t *testing.T) {
+
+	// This test verifies that using the exclude_from_vendor_snapshot
+	// property on a module that is vendor available generates an error. A
+	// vendor available module must be captured in the vendor snapshot and
+	// must not built from source when building the vendor image against
+	// the vendor snapshot.
+
+	frameworkBp := `
+		cc_library_shared {
+			name: "libinclude",
+			srcs: ["src/include.cpp"],
+			vendor_available: true,
+			exclude_from_vendor_snapshot: true,
+		}
+	`
+
+	depsBp := GatherRequiredDepsForTest(android.Android)
+
+	mockFS := map[string][]byte{
+		"deps/Android.bp":       []byte(depsBp),
+		"framework/Android.bp":  []byte(frameworkBp),
+		"framework/include.cpp": nil,
+	}
+
+	config := TestConfig(buildDir, android.Android, nil, "", mockFS)
+	config.TestProductVariables.DeviceVndkVersion = StringPtr("current")
+	config.TestProductVariables.Platform_vndk_version = StringPtr("VER")
+	ctx := CreateTestContext()
+	ctx.Register(config)
+
+	_, errs := ctx.ParseFileList(".", []string{"deps/Android.bp", "framework/Android.bp"})
+	android.FailIfErrored(t, errs)
+
+	_, errs = ctx.PrepareBuildActions(config)
+	android.CheckErrorsAgainstExpectations(t, errs, []string{
+		`module "libinclude\{.+,image:,arch:arm64_.+\}" may not use both "vendor_available: true" and "exclude_from_vendor_snapshot: true"`,
+		`module "libinclude\{.+,image:,arch:arm_.+\}" may not use both "vendor_available: true" and "exclude_from_vendor_snapshot: true"`,
+		`module "libinclude\{.+,image:vendor.+,arch:arm64_.+\}" may not use both "vendor_available: true" and "exclude_from_vendor_snapshot: true"`,
+		`module "libinclude\{.+,image:vendor.+,arch:arm_.+\}" may not use both "vendor_available: true" and "exclude_from_vendor_snapshot: true"`,
+	})
+}
+
 func TestDoubleLoadableDepError(t *testing.T) {
 	// Check whether an error is emitted when a LLNDK depends on a non-double_loadable VNDK lib.
 	testCcError(t, "module \".*\" variant \".*\": link.* \".*\" which is not LL-NDK, VNDK-SP, .*double_loadable", `
diff --git a/cc/genrule.go b/cc/genrule.go
index 66d1784..cce4a83 100644
--- a/cc/genrule.go
+++ b/cc/genrule.go
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@
 		// If not, we assume modules under proprietary paths are compatible for
 		// BOARD_VNDK_VERSION. The other modules are regarded as AOSP, that is
 		// PLATFORM_VNDK_VERSION.
-		if vndkVersion == "current" || !isVendorProprietaryPath(ctx.ModuleDir()) {
+		if vndkVersion == "current" || !isVendorProprietaryModule(ctx) {
 			variants = append(variants, VendorVariationPrefix+ctx.DeviceConfig().PlatformVndkVersion())
 		} else {
 			variants = append(variants, VendorVariationPrefix+vndkVersion)
diff --git a/cc/image.go b/cc/image.go
index 4daed7c..ea6f567 100644
--- a/cc/image.go
+++ b/cc/image.go
@@ -223,7 +223,7 @@
 		// We assume that modules under proprietary paths are compatible for
 		// BOARD_VNDK_VERSION. The other modules are regarded as AOSP, or
 		// PLATFORM_VNDK_VERSION.
-		if isVendorProprietaryPath(mctx.ModuleDir()) {
+		if isVendorProprietaryModule(mctx) {
 			vendorVariants = append(vendorVariants, boardVndkVersion)
 		} else {
 			vendorVariants = append(vendorVariants, platformVndkVersion)
@@ -249,7 +249,7 @@
 				platformVndkVersion,
 				boardVndkVersion,
 			)
-		} else if isVendorProprietaryPath(mctx.ModuleDir()) {
+		} else if isVendorProprietaryModule(mctx) {
 			vendorVariants = append(vendorVariants, boardVndkVersion)
 		} else {
 			vendorVariants = append(vendorVariants, platformVndkVersion)
diff --git a/cc/sanitize.go b/cc/sanitize.go
index 9bd416f..cee9d84 100644
--- a/cc/sanitize.go
+++ b/cc/sanitize.go
@@ -738,7 +738,7 @@
 // as vendor snapshot. Such modules must create both cfi and non-cfi variants,
 // except for ones which explicitly disable cfi.
 func needsCfiForVendorSnapshot(mctx android.TopDownMutatorContext) bool {
-	if isVendorProprietaryPath(mctx.ModuleDir()) {
+	if isVendorProprietaryModule(mctx) {
 		return false
 	}
 
diff --git a/cc/snapshot_utils.go b/cc/snapshot_utils.go
index 4012def..f27d166 100644
--- a/cc/snapshot_utils.go
+++ b/cc/snapshot_utils.go
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@
 func isSnapshotAware(ctx android.ModuleContext, m *Module) bool {
 	if _, _, ok := isVndkSnapshotLibrary(ctx.DeviceConfig(), m); ok {
 		return ctx.Config().VndkSnapshotBuildArtifacts()
-	} else if isVendorSnapshotModule(m, ctx.ModuleDir()) {
+	} else if isVendorSnapshotModule(m, isVendorProprietaryPath(ctx.ModuleDir())) {
 		return true
 	}
 	return false
diff --git a/cc/vendor_snapshot.go b/cc/vendor_snapshot.go
index 93aece4..0219b84 100644
--- a/cc/vendor_snapshot.go
+++ b/cc/vendor_snapshot.go
@@ -508,18 +508,46 @@
 	return false
 }
 
+func isVendorProprietaryModule(ctx android.BaseModuleContext) bool {
+
+	// Any module in a vendor proprietary path is a vendor proprietary
+	// module.
+
+	if isVendorProprietaryPath(ctx.ModuleDir()) {
+		return true
+	}
+
+	// However if the module is not in a vendor proprietary path, it may
+	// still be a vendor proprietary module. This happens for cc modules
+	// that are excluded from the vendor snapshot, and it means that the
+	// vendor has assumed control of the framework-provided module.
+
+	if c, ok := ctx.Module().(*Module); ok {
+		if c.ExcludeFromVendorSnapshot() {
+			return true
+		}
+	}
+
+	return false
+}
+
 // Determine if a module is going to be included in vendor snapshot or not.
 //
 // Targets of vendor snapshot are "vendor: true" or "vendor_available: true" modules in
 // AOSP. They are not guaranteed to be compatible with older vendor images. (e.g. might
 // depend on newer VNDK) So they are captured as vendor snapshot To build older vendor
 // image and newer system image altogether.
-func isVendorSnapshotModule(m *Module, moduleDir string) bool {
+func isVendorSnapshotModule(m *Module, inVendorProprietaryPath bool) bool {
 	if !m.Enabled() || m.Properties.HideFromMake {
 		return false
 	}
 	// skip proprietary modules, but include all VNDK (static)
-	if isVendorProprietaryPath(moduleDir) && !m.IsVndk() {
+	if inVendorProprietaryPath && !m.IsVndk() {
+		return false
+	}
+	// If the module would be included based on its path, check to see if
+	// the module is marked to be excluded. If so, skip it.
+	if m.ExcludeFromVendorSnapshot() {
 		return false
 	}
 	if m.Target().Os.Class != android.Device {
@@ -791,7 +819,25 @@
 		}
 
 		moduleDir := ctx.ModuleDir(module)
-		if !isVendorSnapshotModule(m, moduleDir) {
+		inVendorProprietaryPath := isVendorProprietaryPath(moduleDir)
+
+		if m.ExcludeFromVendorSnapshot() {
+			if inVendorProprietaryPath {
+				// Error: exclude_from_vendor_snapshot applies
+				// to framework-path modules only.
+				ctx.Errorf("module %q in vendor proprietary path %q may not use \"exclude_from_vendor_snapshot: true\"", m.String(), moduleDir)
+				return
+			}
+			if Bool(m.VendorProperties.Vendor_available) {
+				// Error: may not combine "vendor_available:
+				// true" with "exclude_from_vendor_snapshot:
+				// true".
+				ctx.Errorf("module %q may not use both \"vendor_available: true\" and \"exclude_from_vendor_snapshot: true\"", m.String())
+				return
+			}
+		}
+
+		if !isVendorSnapshotModule(m, inVendorProprietaryPath) {
 			return
 		}
 
diff --git a/java/aar.go b/java/aar.go
index 0f5e30d..667dd9d 100644
--- a/java/aar.go
+++ b/java/aar.go
@@ -378,6 +378,10 @@
 			exportPackage = aarDep.ExportPackage()
 		}
 
+		if dep, ok := module.(Dependency); ok {
+			sdkLibraries.AddLibraryPaths(dep.ExportedSdkLibs())
+		}
+
 		switch ctx.OtherModuleDependencyTag(module) {
 		case instrumentationForTag:
 			// Nothing, instrumentationForTag is treated as libTag for javac but not for aapt2.
@@ -399,9 +403,6 @@
 				sharedLibs = append(sharedLibs, exportPackage)
 			}
 		case staticLibTag:
-			if dep, ok := module.(Dependency); ok {
-				sdkLibraries.AddLibraryPaths(dep.ExportedSdkLibs())
-			}
 			if exportPackage != nil {
 				transitiveStaticLibs = append(transitiveStaticLibs, aarDep.ExportedStaticPackages()...)
 				transitiveStaticLibs = append(transitiveStaticLibs, exportPackage)
diff --git a/java/android_manifest.go b/java/android_manifest.go
index f45ebe8..41fcafe 100644
--- a/java/android_manifest.go
+++ b/java/android_manifest.go
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@
 		args = append(args, "--use-embedded-dex")
 	}
 
-	for usesLib, _ := range sdkLibraries {
+	for _, usesLib := range android.SortedStringKeys(sdkLibraries) {
 		if inList(usesLib, optionalUsesLibs) {
 			args = append(args, "--optional-uses-library", usesLib)
 		} else {
diff --git a/java/app.go b/java/app.go
index 34f96dd..3dfdfdc 100755
--- a/java/app.go
+++ b/java/app.go
@@ -284,8 +284,6 @@
 	aapt
 	android.OverridableModuleBase
 
-	usesLibrary usesLibrary
-
 	certificate Certificate
 
 	appProperties appProperties
@@ -1018,8 +1016,7 @@
 	module.AddProperties(
 		&module.aaptProperties,
 		&module.appProperties,
-		&module.overridableAppProperties,
-		&module.usesLibrary.usesLibraryProperties)
+		&module.overridableAppProperties)
 
 	android.InitAndroidMultiTargetsArchModule(module, android.DeviceSupported, android.MultilibCommon)
 	android.InitDefaultableModule(module)
@@ -1140,7 +1137,6 @@
 		&module.appProperties,
 		&module.appTestProperties,
 		&module.overridableAppProperties,
-		&module.usesLibrary.usesLibraryProperties,
 		&module.testProperties)
 
 	android.InitAndroidMultiTargetsArchModule(module, android.DeviceSupported, android.MultilibCommon)
@@ -1189,8 +1185,7 @@
 		&module.aaptProperties,
 		&module.appProperties,
 		&module.appTestHelperAppProperties,
-		&module.overridableAppProperties,
-		&module.usesLibrary.usesLibraryProperties)
+		&module.overridableAppProperties)
 
 	android.InitAndroidMultiTargetsArchModule(module, android.DeviceSupported, android.MultilibCommon)
 	android.InitDefaultableModule(module)
@@ -1704,7 +1699,6 @@
 	module := &AndroidTestImport{}
 	module.AddProperties(&module.properties)
 	module.AddProperties(&module.dexpreoptProperties)
-	module.AddProperties(&module.usesLibrary.usesLibraryProperties)
 	module.AddProperties(&module.testProperties)
 	module.AddProperties(&module.testImportProperties)
 	module.populateAllVariantStructs()
@@ -1888,6 +1882,9 @@
 	// If true, the list of uses_libs and optional_uses_libs modules must match the AndroidManifest.xml file.  Defaults
 	// to true if either uses_libs or optional_uses_libs is set.  Will unconditionally default to true in the future.
 	Enforce_uses_libs *bool
+
+	// If the library itself is a uses-library (this is needed for non-SDK libraries).
+	Is_uses_lib *bool
 }
 
 // usesLibrary provides properties and helper functions for AndroidApp and AndroidAppImport to verify that the
diff --git a/java/java.go b/java/java.go
index 3606f77..0690418 100644
--- a/java/java.go
+++ b/java/java.go
@@ -437,6 +437,7 @@
 	hiddenAPI
 	dexer
 	dexpreopter
+	usesLibrary
 	linter
 
 	// list of the xref extraction files
@@ -452,6 +453,7 @@
 	j.AddProperties(
 		&j.properties,
 		&j.protoProperties,
+		&j.usesLibraryProperties,
 	)
 }
 
@@ -1976,6 +1978,11 @@
 	// added to the Android manifest.
 	j.exportedSdkLibs.MaybeAddLibraryPath(ctx, j.OptionalImplicitSdkLibrary(), j.DexJarBuildPath(), j.DexJarInstallPath())
 
+	// If this is a non-SDK uses-library, export itself.
+	if proptools.Bool(j.usesLibraryProperties.Is_uses_lib) {
+		j.exportedSdkLibs.AddLibraryPath(ctx, ctx.ModuleName(), j.DexJarBuildPath(), j.DexJarInstallPath())
+	}
+
 	j.distFiles = j.GenerateTaggedDistFiles(ctx)
 }
 
diff --git a/java/prebuilt_apis.go b/java/prebuilt_apis.go
index ac8337d..bcc6cc0 100644
--- a/java/prebuilt_apis.go
+++ b/java/prebuilt_apis.go
@@ -38,6 +38,9 @@
 	// The sdk_version of java_import modules generated based on jar files.
 	// Defaults to "current"
 	Imports_sdk_version *string
+
+	// If set to true, compile dex for java_import modules. Defaults to false.
+	Imports_compile_dex *bool
 }
 
 type prebuiltApis struct {
@@ -78,17 +81,19 @@
 	return mctx.ModuleName() + "_" + scope + "_" + apiver + "_" + module
 }
 
-func createImport(mctx android.LoadHookContext, module, scope, apiver, path, sdk_version string) {
+func createImport(mctx android.LoadHookContext, module, scope, apiver, path, sdkVersion string, compileDex bool) {
 	props := struct {
 		Name        *string
 		Jars        []string
 		Sdk_version *string
 		Installable *bool
+		Compile_dex *bool
 	}{}
 	props.Name = proptools.StringPtr(prebuiltApiModuleName(mctx, module, scope, apiver))
 	props.Jars = append(props.Jars, path)
-	props.Sdk_version = proptools.StringPtr(sdk_version)
+	props.Sdk_version = proptools.StringPtr(sdkVersion)
 	props.Installable = proptools.BoolPtr(false)
+	props.Compile_dex = proptools.BoolPtr(compileDex)
 
 	mctx.CreateModule(ImportFactory, &props)
 }
@@ -124,13 +129,14 @@
 	// <apiver>/<scope>/<module>.jar
 	files := getPrebuiltFiles(mctx, p, "*.jar")
 
-	sdk_version := proptools.StringDefault(p.properties.Imports_sdk_version, "current")
+	sdkVersion := proptools.StringDefault(p.properties.Imports_sdk_version, "current")
+	compileDex := proptools.BoolDefault(p.properties.Imports_compile_dex, false)
 
 	for _, f := range files {
 		// create a Import module for each jar file
 		localPath := strings.TrimPrefix(f, mydir)
 		module, apiver, scope := parseJarPath(localPath)
-		createImport(mctx, module, scope, apiver, localPath, sdk_version)
+		createImport(mctx, module, scope, apiver, localPath, sdkVersion, compileDex)
 	}
 }