diff --git a/tools/apksigner/core/src/com/android/apksigner/core/internal/apk/v2/V2SchemeSigner.java b/tools/apksigner/core/src/com/android/apksigner/core/internal/apk/v2/V2SchemeSigner.java
index e185346..103a0ec 100644
--- a/tools/apksigner/core/src/com/android/apksigner/core/internal/apk/v2/V2SchemeSigner.java
+++ b/tools/apksigner/core/src/com/android/apksigner/core/internal/apk/v2/V2SchemeSigner.java
@@ -16,7 +16,6 @@
 
 package com.android.apksigner.core.internal.apk.v2;
 
-import com.android.apksigner.core.internal.util.ByteBufferSink;
 import com.android.apksigner.core.internal.util.Pair;
 import com.android.apksigner.core.internal.zip.ZipUtils;
 import com.android.apksigner.core.util.DataSource;
@@ -191,8 +190,10 @@
         // offset field is treated as pointing to the offset at which the APK Signing Block will
         // start.
         long centralDirOffsetForDigesting = beforeCentralDir.size();
-        ByteBuffer eocdBuf = copyToByteBuffer(eocd);
+        ByteBuffer eocdBuf = ByteBuffer.allocate((int) eocd.size());
         eocdBuf.order(ByteOrder.LITTLE_ENDIAN);
+        eocd.copyTo(0, (int) eocd.size(), eocdBuf);
+        eocdBuf.flip();
         ZipUtils.setZipEocdCentralDirectoryOffset(eocdBuf, centralDirOffsetForDigesting);
 
         // Compute digests of APK contents.
@@ -600,15 +601,4 @@
         }
         return result.array();
     }
-
-    private static ByteBuffer copyToByteBuffer(DataSource dataSource) throws IOException {
-        long dataSourceSize = dataSource.size();
-        if (dataSourceSize > Integer.MAX_VALUE) {
-            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Data source too large: " + dataSourceSize);
-        }
-        ByteBuffer result = ByteBuffer.allocate((int) dataSourceSize);
-        dataSource.feed(0, result.remaining(), new ByteBufferSink(result));
-        result.position(0);
-        return result;
-    }
 }
diff --git a/tools/apksigner/core/src/com/android/apksigner/core/internal/util/ByteBufferDataSource.java b/tools/apksigner/core/src/com/android/apksigner/core/internal/util/ByteBufferDataSource.java
index f12f02e..b2d9ca1 100644
--- a/tools/apksigner/core/src/com/android/apksigner/core/internal/util/ByteBufferDataSource.java
+++ b/tools/apksigner/core/src/com/android/apksigner/core/internal/util/ByteBufferDataSource.java
@@ -35,7 +35,15 @@
      * buffer between the buffer's position and limit.
      */
     public ByteBufferDataSource(ByteBuffer buffer) {
-        mBuffer = buffer.slice();
+        this(buffer, true);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Constructs a new {@code ByteBufferDigestSource} based on the data contained in the provided
+     * buffer between the buffer's position and limit.
+     */
+    private ByteBufferDataSource(ByteBuffer buffer, boolean sliceRequired) {
+        mBuffer = (sliceRequired) ? buffer.slice() : buffer;
         mSize = buffer.remaining();
     }
 
@@ -45,15 +53,12 @@
     }
 
     @Override
-    public ByteBufferDataSource slice(long offset, long size) {
-        if ((offset == 0) && (size == mSize)) {
-            return this;
-        }
+    public ByteBuffer getByteBuffer(long offset, int size) {
         checkChunkValid(offset, size);
 
-        // checkChunkValid ensures that it's OK to cast offset and size to int.
+        // checkChunkValid ensures that it's OK to cast offset to int.
         int chunkPosition = (int) offset;
-        int chunkLimit = (int) (chunkPosition + size);
+        int chunkLimit = chunkPosition + size;
         // Creating a slice of ByteBuffer modifies the state of the source ByteBuffer (position
         // and limit fields, to be more specific). We thus use synchronization around these
         // state-changing operations to make instances of this class thread-safe.
@@ -66,35 +71,35 @@
 
             mBuffer.limit(chunkLimit);
             mBuffer.position(chunkPosition);
-            // Create a ByteBufferDataSource for the slice of the buffer between limit and position.
-            return new ByteBufferDataSource(mBuffer);
+            return mBuffer.slice();
         }
     }
 
     @Override
+    public void copyTo(long offset, int size, ByteBuffer dest) {
+        dest.put(getByteBuffer(offset, size));
+    }
+
+    @Override
     public void feed(long offset, long size, DataSink sink) throws IOException {
-        checkChunkValid(offset, size);
-
-        // checkChunkValid ensures that it's OK to cast offset and size to int.
-        int chunkPosition = (int) offset;
-        int chunkLimit = (int) (chunkPosition + size);
-        ByteBuffer chunk;
-        // Creating a slice of ByteBuffer modifies the state of the source ByteBuffer (position
-        // and limit fields, to be more specific). We thus use synchronization around these
-        // state-changing operations to make instances of this class thread-safe.
-        synchronized (mBuffer) {
-            // ByteBuffer.limit(int) and .position(int) check that that the position >= limit
-            // invariant is not broken. Thus, the only way to safely change position and limit
-            // without caring about their current values is to first set position to 0 or set the
-            // limit to capacity.
-            mBuffer.position(0);
-
-            mBuffer.limit(chunkLimit);
-            mBuffer.position(chunkPosition);
-            chunk = mBuffer.slice();
+        if ((size < 0) || (size > mSize)) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("size: " + size + ", source size: " + mSize);
         }
+        sink.consume(getByteBuffer(offset, (int) size));
+    }
 
-        sink.consume(chunk);
+    @Override
+    public ByteBufferDataSource slice(long offset, long size) {
+        if ((offset == 0) && (size == mSize)) {
+            return this;
+        }
+        if ((size < 0) || (size > mSize)) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("size: " + size + ", source size: " + mSize);
+        }
+        return new ByteBufferDataSource(
+                getByteBuffer(offset, (int) size),
+                false // no need to slice -- it's already a slice
+                );
     }
 
     private void checkChunkValid(long offset, long size) {
diff --git a/tools/apksigner/core/src/com/android/apksigner/core/util/DataSource.java b/tools/apksigner/core/src/com/android/apksigner/core/util/DataSource.java
index 27ff7a8..e268dd2 100644
--- a/tools/apksigner/core/src/com/android/apksigner/core/util/DataSource.java
+++ b/tools/apksigner/core/src/com/android/apksigner/core/util/DataSource.java
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 package com.android.apksigner.core.util;
 
 import java.io.IOException;
+import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
 
 /**
  * Abstract representation of a source of data.
@@ -29,6 +30,25 @@
  *     may have worked as the unifying abstraction.</li>
  * <li>Support sources which do not fit into logical memory as a contiguous region.</li>
  * </ul>
+ *
+ * <p>There are following ways to obtain a chunk of data from the data source:
+ * <ul>
+ * <li>Stream the chunk's data into a {@link DataSink} using
+ *     {@link #feed(long, long, DataSink) feed}. This is best suited for scenarios where there is no
+ *     need to have the chunk's data accessible at the same time, for example, when computing the
+ *     digest of the chunk. If you need to keep the chunk's data around after {@code feed}
+ *     completes, you must create a copy during {@code feed}. However, in that case the following
+ *     methods of obtaining the chunk's data may be more appropriate.</li>
+ * <li>Obtain a {@link ByteBuffer} containing the chunk's data using
+ *     {@link #getByteBuffer(long, int) getByteBuffer}. Depending on the data source, the chunk's
+ *     data may or may not be copied by this operation. This is best suited for scenarios where
+ *     you need to access the chunk's data in arbitrary order, but don't need to modify the data and
+ *     thus don't require a copy of the data.</li>
+ * <li>Copy the chunk's data to a {@link ByteBuffer} using
+ *     {@link #copyTo(long, int, ByteBuffer) copyTo}. This is best suited for scenarios where
+ *     you require a copy of the chunk's data, such as to when you need to modify the data.
+ *     </li>
+ * </ul>
  */
 public interface DataSource {
 
@@ -46,8 +66,33 @@
     void feed(long offset, long size, DataSink sink) throws IOException;
 
     /**
+     * Returns a buffer holding the contents of the specified chunk of data from this data source.
+     * Changes to the data source are not guaranteed to be reflected in the returned buffer.
+     * Similarly, changes in the buffer are not guaranteed to be reflected in the data source.
+     *
+     * <p>The returned buffer's position is {@code 0}, and the buffer's limit and capacity is
+     * {@code size}.
+     *
+     * @param offset index (in bytes) at which the chunk starts inside data source
+     * @param size size (in bytes) of the chunk
+     */
+    ByteBuffer getByteBuffer(long offset, int size) throws IOException;
+
+    /**
+     * Copies the specified chunk from this data source into the provided destination buffer,
+     * advancing the destination buffer's position by {@code size}.
+     *
+     * @param offset index (in bytes) at which the chunk starts inside data source
+     * @param size size (in bytes) of the chunk
+     */
+    void copyTo(long offset, int size, ByteBuffer dest) throws IOException;
+
+    /**
      * Returns a data source representing the specified region of data of this data source. Changes
      * to data represented by this data source will also be visible in the returned data source.
+     *
+     * @param offset index (in bytes) at which the region starts inside data source
+     * @param size size (in bytes) of the region
      */
     DataSource slice(long offset, long size);
 }