linker/linker_soinfo.h

/*
 * Copyright (C) 2016 The Android Open Source Project
 * All rights reserved.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 * are met:
 *  * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 *  * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in
 *    the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
 *    distribution.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
 * "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
 * LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS
 * FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
 * COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
 * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING,
 * BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS
 * OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED
 * AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY,
 * OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT
 * OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
 * SUCH DAMAGE.
 */

#pragma once

#include <link.h>

#include <list>
#include <memory>
#include <string>
#include <vector>

#include "async_safe/CHECK.h"
#include "linker_namespaces.h"
#include "linker_tls.h"
#include "private/bionic_elf_tls.h"
#include "private/bionic_globals.h"

#define FLAG_LINKED           0x00000001
#define FLAG_EXE              0x00000004 // The main executable
#define FLAG_LINKER           0x00000010 // The linker itself
#define FLAG_GNU_HASH         0x00000040 // uses gnu hash
#define FLAG_MAPPED_BY_CALLER 0x00000080 // the map is reserved by the caller
                                         // and should not be unmapped
#define FLAG_IMAGE_LINKED     0x00000100 // Is image linked - this is a guard on link_image.
                                         // The difference between this flag and
                                         // FLAG_LINKED is that FLAG_LINKED
                                         // means is set when load_group is
                                         // successfully loaded whereas this
                                         // flag is set to avoid linking image
                                         // when link_image called for the
                                         // second time. This situation happens
                                         // when load group is crossing
                                         // namespace boundary twice and second
                                         // local group depends on the same libraries.
#define FLAG_RESERVED         0x00000200 // This flag was set when there is at least one
                                         // outstanding thread_local dtor
                                         // registered with this soinfo. In such
                                         // a case the actual unload is
                                         // postponed until the last thread_local
                                         // destructor associated with this
                                         // soinfo is executed and this flag is
                                         // unset.
#define FLAG_PRELINKED        0x00000400 // prelink_image has successfully processed this soinfo
#define FLAG_GLOBALS_TAGGED   0x00000800 // globals have been tagged by MTE.
#define FLAG_NEW_SOINFO       0x40000000 // new soinfo format

#define SOINFO_VERSION 6

ElfW(Addr) call_ifunc_resolver(ElfW(Addr) resolver_addr);

typedef void (*linker_dtor_function_t)();
typedef void (*linker_ctor_function_t)(int, char**, char**);

// An entry within a SymbolLookupList.
struct SymbolLookupLib {
  uint32_t gnu_maskwords_ = 0;
  uint32_t gnu_shift2_ = 0;
  ElfW(Addr)* gnu_bloom_filter_ = nullptr;

  const char* strtab_;
  size_t strtab_size_;
  const ElfW(Sym)* symtab_;
  const ElfW(Versym)* versym_;

  const uint32_t* gnu_chain_;
  size_t gnu_nbucket_;
  uint32_t* gnu_bucket_;

  soinfo* si_ = nullptr;

  bool needs_sysv_lookup() const { return si_ != nullptr && gnu_bloom_filter_ == nullptr; }
};

// A list of libraries to search for a symbol.
class SymbolLookupList {
  std::vector<SymbolLookupLib> libs_;
  SymbolLookupLib sole_lib_;
  const SymbolLookupLib* begin_;
  const SymbolLookupLib* end_;
  size_t slow_path_count_ = 0;

 public:
  explicit SymbolLookupList(soinfo* si);
  SymbolLookupList(const soinfo_list_t& global_group, const soinfo_list_t& local_group);
  void set_dt_symbolic_lib(soinfo* symbolic_lib);

  const SymbolLookupLib* begin() const { return begin_; }
  const SymbolLookupLib* end() const { return end_; }
  bool needs_slow_path() const { return slow_path_count_ > 0; }
};

class SymbolName {
 public:
  explicit SymbolName(const char* name)
      : name_(name), has_elf_hash_(false), has_gnu_hash_(false),
        elf_hash_(0), gnu_hash_(0) { }

  const char* get_name() {
    return name_;
  }

  uint32_t elf_hash();
  uint32_t gnu_hash();

 private:
  const char* name_;
  bool has_elf_hash_;
  bool has_gnu_hash_;
  uint32_t elf_hash_;
  uint32_t gnu_hash_;

  DISALLOW_IMPLICIT_CONSTRUCTORS(SymbolName);
};

struct version_info {
  constexpr version_info() : elf_hash(0), name(nullptr), target_si(nullptr) {}

  uint32_t elf_hash;
  const char* name;
  const soinfo* target_si;
};

// TODO(dimitry): remove reference from soinfo member functions to this class.
class VersionTracker;

struct soinfo_tls {
  TlsSegment segment;
  size_t module_id = kTlsUninitializedModuleId;
};

#if !defined(__LP64__)
#define SOINFO_NAME_LEN 128
#endif

struct soinfo {
#if !defined(__LP64__)
 private:
  char old_name_[SOINFO_NAME_LEN];
#endif
 public:
  const ElfW(Phdr)* phdr;
  size_t phnum;
#if !defined(__LP64__)
  ElfW(Addr) unused0; // DO NOT USE, maintained for compatibility.
#endif
  ElfW(Addr) base;
  size_t size;

#if !defined(__LP64__)
  uint32_t unused1;  // DO NOT USE, maintained for compatibility.
#endif

  ElfW(Dyn)* dynamic;

#if !defined(__LP64__)
  uint32_t unused2; // DO NOT USE, maintained for compatibility
  uint32_t unused3; // DO NOT USE, maintained for compatibility
#endif

  soinfo* next;
 private:
  uint32_t flags_;

  const char* strtab_;
  ElfW(Sym)* symtab_;

  size_t nbucket_;
  size_t nchain_;
  uint32_t* bucket_;
  uint32_t* chain_;

#if !defined(__LP64__)
  ElfW(Addr)** unused4; // DO NOT USE, maintained for compatibility
#endif

#if defined(USE_RELA)
  ElfW(Rela)* plt_rela_;
  size_t plt_rela_count_;

  ElfW(Rela)* rela_;
  size_t rela_count_;
#else
  ElfW(Rel)* plt_rel_;
  size_t plt_rel_count_;

  ElfW(Rel)* rel_;
  size_t rel_count_;
#endif

  linker_ctor_function_t* preinit_array_;
  size_t preinit_array_count_;

  linker_ctor_function_t* init_array_;
  size_t init_array_count_;
  linker_dtor_function_t* fini_array_;
  size_t fini_array_count_;

  linker_ctor_function_t init_func_;
  linker_dtor_function_t fini_func_;

#if defined(__arm__)
 public:
  // ARM EABI section used for stack unwinding.
  uint32_t* ARM_exidx;
  size_t ARM_exidx_count;
 private:
#endif
  size_t ref_count_;
 public:
  link_map link_map_head;

  bool constructors_called;

  // When you read a virtual address from the ELF file, add this
  // value to get the corresponding address in the process' address space.
  ElfW(Addr) load_bias;

#if !defined(__LP64__)
  bool has_text_relocations;
#endif
  bool has_DT_SYMBOLIC;

 public:
  soinfo(android_namespace_t* ns, const char* name, const struct stat* file_stat,
         off64_t file_offset, int rtld_flags);
  ~soinfo();

  void call_constructors();
  void call_destructors();
  void call_pre_init_constructors();
  bool prelink_image(bool deterministic_memtag_globals = false);
  bool link_image(const SymbolLookupList& lookup_list, soinfo* local_group_root,
                  const android_dlextinfo* extinfo, size_t* relro_fd_offset);
  bool protect_relro();

  void tag_globals(bool deterministic_memtag_globals);
  ElfW(Addr) apply_memtag_if_mte_globals(ElfW(Addr) sym_addr) const;

  void add_child(soinfo* child);
  void remove_all_links();

  ino_t get_st_ino() const;
  dev_t get_st_dev() const;
  off64_t get_file_offset() const;

  uint32_t get_rtld_flags() const;
  uint32_t get_dt_flags_1() const;
  void set_dt_flags_1(uint32_t dt_flags_1);

  soinfo_list_t& get_children();
  const soinfo_list_t& get_children() const;

  soinfo_list_t& get_parents();

  const ElfW(Sym)* find_symbol_by_name(SymbolName& symbol_name, const version_info* vi) const;

  ElfW(Sym)* find_symbol_by_address(const void* addr);

  ElfW(Addr) resolve_symbol_address(const ElfW(Sym)* s) const {
    if (ELF_ST_TYPE(s->st_info) == STT_GNU_IFUNC) {
      return call_ifunc_resolver(s->st_value + load_bias);
    }

    return static_cast<ElfW(Addr)>(s->st_value + load_bias);
  }

  const char* get_string(ElfW(Word) index) const;
  bool can_unload() const;
  bool is_gnu_hash() const;

  // TODO: rename this to make it clearer it's always true for LP64.
  bool inline has_min_version(uint32_t min_version __unused) const {
#if defined(__LP64__)
    return true;
#else
    return (flags_ & FLAG_NEW_SOINFO) != 0 && version_ >= min_version;
#endif
  }

  const ElfW(Versym)* get_versym_table() const {
    return has_min_version(2) ? versym_ : nullptr;
  }

  bool is_linked() const;
  bool is_linker() const;
  bool is_main_executable() const;

  void set_linked();
  void set_linker_flag();
  void set_main_executable();
  void set_nodelete();

  size_t increment_ref_count();
  size_t decrement_ref_count();
  size_t get_ref_count() const;

  soinfo* get_local_group_root() const;

  void set_soname(const char* soname);
  const char* get_soname() const;
  void set_realpath(const char* path);
  const char* get_realpath() const;
  const ElfW(Versym)* get_versym(size_t n) const;
  ElfW(Addr) get_verneed_ptr() const;
  size_t get_verneed_cnt() const;
  ElfW(Addr) get_verdef_ptr() const;
  size_t get_verdef_cnt() const;

  int get_target_sdk_version() const;

  void set_dt_runpath(const char *);
  const std::vector<std::string>& get_dt_runpath() const;
  android_namespace_t* get_primary_namespace();
  void add_secondary_namespace(android_namespace_t* secondary_ns);
  android_namespace_list_t& get_secondary_namespaces();

  soinfo_tls* get_tls() const {
    return has_min_version(5) ? tls_.get() : nullptr;
  }

  void set_mapped_by_caller(bool reserved_map);
  bool is_mapped_by_caller() const;

  uintptr_t get_handle() const;
  void generate_handle();
  void* to_handle();

  SymbolLookupLib get_lookup_lib();

  void set_gap_start(ElfW(Addr) gap_start);
  ElfW(Addr) get_gap_start() const;

  void set_gap_size(size_t gap_size);
  size_t get_gap_size() const;

  const memtag_dynamic_entries_t* memtag_dynamic_entries() const {
#if defined(__aarch64__)
    return &memtag_dynamic_entries_;
#else
    return nullptr;
#endif
  }
  void* memtag_globals() const {
    const memtag_dynamic_entries_t* entries = memtag_dynamic_entries();
    return entries ? entries->memtag_globals : nullptr;
  }
  size_t memtag_globalssz() const {
    const memtag_dynamic_entries_t* entries = memtag_dynamic_entries();
    return entries ? entries->memtag_globalssz : 0U;
  }
  bool has_memtag_mode() const {
    const memtag_dynamic_entries_t* entries = memtag_dynamic_entries();
    return entries ? entries->has_memtag_mode : false;
  }
  unsigned memtag_mode() const {
    const memtag_dynamic_entries_t* entries = memtag_dynamic_entries();
    return entries ? entries->memtag_mode : 0U;
  }
  bool memtag_heap() const {
    const memtag_dynamic_entries_t* entries = memtag_dynamic_entries();
    return entries ? entries->memtag_heap : false;
  }
  bool memtag_stack() const {
    const memtag_dynamic_entries_t* entries = memtag_dynamic_entries();
    return entries ? entries->memtag_stack : false;
  }

  void set_should_pad_segments(bool should_pad_segments) {
   should_pad_segments_ = should_pad_segments;
  }
  bool should_pad_segments() const { return should_pad_segments_; }
  bool should_tag_memtag_globals() const {
    return !is_linker() && memtag_globals() && memtag_globalssz() > 0 && __libc_mte_enabled();
  }
  std::list<std::string>* vma_names() {
#if defined(__aarch64__)
    return &vma_names_;
#else
    return nullptr;
#endif
};

  void set_should_use_16kib_app_compat(bool should_use_16kib_app_compat) {
    should_use_16kib_app_compat_ = should_use_16kib_app_compat;
  }
  bool should_use_16kib_app_compat() const { return should_use_16kib_app_compat_; }

  void set_compat_relro_start(ElfW(Addr) start) { compat_relro_start_ = start; }
  ElfW(Addr) compat_relro_start() const { return compat_relro_start_; }

  void set_compat_relro_size(ElfW(Addr) size) { compat_relro_size_ = size; }
  ElfW(Addr) compat_relro_size() const { return compat_relro_start_; }

 private:
  bool is_image_linked() const;
  void set_image_linked();

  const ElfW(Sym)* gnu_lookup(SymbolName& symbol_name, const version_info* vi) const;
  const ElfW(Sym)* elf_lookup(SymbolName& symbol_name, const version_info* vi) const;
  ElfW(Sym)* gnu_addr_lookup(const void* addr);
  ElfW(Sym)* elf_addr_lookup(const void* addr);

 public:
  bool lookup_version_info(const VersionTracker& version_tracker, ElfW(Word) sym,
                           const char* sym_name, const version_info** vi);

 private:
  bool relocate(const SymbolLookupList& lookup_list);

  // This part of the structure is only available
  // when FLAG_NEW_SOINFO is set in this->flags.
  uint32_t version_;

  // version >= 0
  dev_t st_dev_;
  ino_t st_ino_;

  // dependency graph
  soinfo_list_t children_;
  soinfo_list_t parents_;

  // version >= 1
  off64_t file_offset_;
  uint32_t rtld_flags_;
  uint32_t dt_flags_1_;
  size_t strtab_size_;

  // version >= 2

  size_t gnu_nbucket_;
  uint32_t* gnu_bucket_;
  uint32_t* gnu_chain_;
  uint32_t gnu_maskwords_;
  uint32_t gnu_shift2_;
  ElfW(Addr)* gnu_bloom_filter_;

  soinfo* local_group_root_;

  uint8_t* android_relocs_;
  size_t android_relocs_size_;

  std::string soname_;
  std::string realpath_;

  const ElfW(Versym)* versym_;

  ElfW(Addr) verdef_ptr_;
  size_t verdef_cnt_;

  ElfW(Addr) verneed_ptr_;
  size_t verneed_cnt_;

  int target_sdk_version_;

  // version >= 3
  std::vector<std::string> dt_runpath_;
  android_namespace_t* primary_namespace_;
  android_namespace_list_t secondary_namespaces_;
  uintptr_t handle_;

  friend soinfo* get_libdl_info(const soinfo& linker_si);

  // version >= 4
  ElfW(Relr)* relr_;
  size_t relr_count_;

  // version >= 5
  std::unique_ptr<soinfo_tls> tls_;
  std::vector<TlsDynamicResolverArg> tlsdesc_args_;

  // version >= 6
  ElfW(Addr) gap_start_;
  size_t gap_size_;

  // __aarch64__ only, which does not use versioning.
  memtag_dynamic_entries_t memtag_dynamic_entries_;
  std::list<std::string> vma_names_;

  // Pad gaps between segments when memory mapping?
  bool should_pad_segments_ = false;

  // Use app compat mode when loading 4KiB max-page-size ELFs on 16KiB page-size devices?
  bool should_use_16kib_app_compat_ = false;

  // RELRO region for 16KiB compat loading
  ElfW(Addr) compat_relro_start_ = 0;
  ElfW(Addr) compat_relro_size_ = 0;
};

// This function is used by dlvsym() to calculate hash of sym_ver
uint32_t calculate_elf_hash(const char* name);

const char* fix_dt_needed(const char* dt_needed, const char* sopath);

const ElfW(Sym)* soinfo_do_lookup(const char* name, const version_info* vi,
                                  soinfo** si_found_in, const SymbolLookupList& lookup_list);