Merge changes Ie92399c9,Ic6f05388

* changes:
  Change default block size alignment to be 4 for memory saving on 32-bit arch
  Keep allocation of `tail_` outside of LinkedList
diff --git a/linker/linked_list.h b/linker/linked_list.h
index b8a8f0e..2741008 100644
--- a/linker/linked_list.h
+++ b/linker/linked_list.h
@@ -79,76 +79,89 @@
   typedef LinkedListIterator<T> iterator;
   typedef T* value_type;
 
-  LinkedList() : head_(nullptr), tail_(nullptr) {}
+  // Allocating the head/tail fields separately from the LinkedList struct saves memory in the
+  // Zygote (e.g. because adding an soinfo to a namespace doesn't dirty the page containing the
+  // soinfo).
+  struct LinkedListHeader {
+    LinkedListEntry<T>* head;
+    LinkedListEntry<T>* tail;
+  };
+
+  // The allocator returns a LinkedListEntry<T>* but we want to treat it as a LinkedListHeader
+  // struct instead.
+  static_assert(sizeof(LinkedListHeader) == sizeof(LinkedListEntry<T>));
+  static_assert(alignof(LinkedListHeader) == alignof(LinkedListEntry<T>));
+
+  constexpr LinkedList() : header_(nullptr) {}
   ~LinkedList() {
     clear();
+    if (header_ != nullptr) {
+      Allocator::free(reinterpret_cast<LinkedListEntry<T>*>(header_));
+    }
   }
 
   LinkedList(LinkedList&& that) noexcept {
-    this->head_ = that.head_;
-    this->tail_ = that.tail_;
-    that.head_ = that.tail_ = nullptr;
+    this->header_ = that.header_;
+    that.header_ = nullptr;
+  }
+
+  bool empty() const {
+    return header_ == nullptr || header_->head == nullptr;
   }
 
   void push_front(T* const element) {
+    alloc_header();
     LinkedListEntry<T>* new_entry = Allocator::alloc();
-    new_entry->next = head_;
+    new_entry->next = header_->head;
     new_entry->element = element;
-    head_ = new_entry;
-    if (tail_ == nullptr) {
-      tail_ = new_entry;
+    header_->head = new_entry;
+    if (header_->tail == nullptr) {
+      header_->tail = new_entry;
     }
   }
 
   void push_back(T* const element) {
+    alloc_header();
     LinkedListEntry<T>* new_entry = Allocator::alloc();
     new_entry->next = nullptr;
     new_entry->element = element;
-    if (tail_ == nullptr) {
-      tail_ = head_ = new_entry;
+    if (header_->tail == nullptr) {
+      header_->tail = header_->head = new_entry;
     } else {
-      tail_->next = new_entry;
-      tail_ = new_entry;
+      header_->tail->next = new_entry;
+      header_->tail = new_entry;
     }
   }
 
   T* pop_front() {
-    if (head_ == nullptr) {
-      return nullptr;
-    }
+    if (empty()) return nullptr;
 
-    LinkedListEntry<T>* entry = head_;
+    LinkedListEntry<T>* entry = header_->head;
     T* element = entry->element;
-    head_ = entry->next;
+    header_->head = entry->next;
     Allocator::free(entry);
 
-    if (head_ == nullptr) {
-      tail_ = nullptr;
+    if (header_->head == nullptr) {
+      header_->tail = nullptr;
     }
 
     return element;
   }
 
   T* front() const {
-    if (head_ == nullptr) {
-      return nullptr;
-    }
-
-    return head_->element;
+    return empty() ? nullptr : header_->head->element;
   }
 
   void clear() {
-    while (head_ != nullptr) {
-      LinkedListEntry<T>* p = head_;
-      head_ = head_->next;
+    if (empty()) return;
+
+    while (header_->head != nullptr) {
+      LinkedListEntry<T>* p = header_->head;
+      header_->head = header_->head->next;
       Allocator::free(p);
     }
 
-    tail_ = nullptr;
-  }
-
-  bool empty() {
-    return (head_ == nullptr);
+    header_->tail = nullptr;
   }
 
   template<typename F>
@@ -161,7 +174,7 @@
 
   template<typename F>
   bool visit(F action) const {
-    for (LinkedListEntry<T>* e = head_; e != nullptr; e = e->next) {
+    for (LinkedListEntry<T>* e = head(); e != nullptr; e = e->next) {
       if (!action(e->element)) {
         return false;
       }
@@ -171,17 +184,18 @@
 
   template<typename F>
   void remove_if(F predicate) {
-    for (LinkedListEntry<T>* e = head_, *p = nullptr; e != nullptr;) {
+    if (empty()) return;
+    for (LinkedListEntry<T>* e = header_->head, *p = nullptr; e != nullptr;) {
       if (predicate(e->element)) {
         LinkedListEntry<T>* next = e->next;
         if (p == nullptr) {
-          head_ = next;
+          header_->head = next;
         } else {
           p->next = next;
         }
 
-        if (tail_ == e) {
-          tail_ = p;
+        if (header_->tail == e) {
+          header_->tail = p;
         }
 
         Allocator::free(e);
@@ -202,7 +216,7 @@
 
   template<typename F>
   T* find_if(F predicate) const {
-    for (LinkedListEntry<T>* e = head_; e != nullptr; e = e->next) {
+    for (LinkedListEntry<T>* e = head(); e != nullptr; e = e->next) {
       if (predicate(e->element)) {
         return e->element;
       }
@@ -212,7 +226,7 @@
   }
 
   iterator begin() const {
-    return iterator(head_);
+    return iterator(head());
   }
 
   iterator end() const {
@@ -220,7 +234,7 @@
   }
 
   iterator find(T* value) const {
-    for (LinkedListEntry<T>* e = head_; e != nullptr; e = e->next) {
+    for (LinkedListEntry<T>* e = head(); e != nullptr; e = e->next) {
       if (e->element == value) {
         return iterator(e);
       }
@@ -231,7 +245,7 @@
 
   size_t copy_to_array(T* array[], size_t array_length) const {
     size_t sz = 0;
-    for (LinkedListEntry<T>* e = head_; sz < array_length && e != nullptr; e = e->next) {
+    for (LinkedListEntry<T>* e = head(); sz < array_length && e != nullptr; e = e->next) {
       array[sz++] = e->element;
     }
 
@@ -239,7 +253,7 @@
   }
 
   bool contains(const T* el) const {
-    for (LinkedListEntry<T>* e = head_; e != nullptr; e = e->next) {
+    for (LinkedListEntry<T>* e = head(); e != nullptr; e = e->next) {
       if (e->element == el) {
         return true;
       }
@@ -260,7 +274,17 @@
   }
 
  private:
-  LinkedListEntry<T>* head_;
-  LinkedListEntry<T>* tail_;
+  void alloc_header() {
+    if (header_ == nullptr) {
+      header_ = reinterpret_cast<LinkedListHeader*>(Allocator::alloc());
+      header_->head = header_->tail = nullptr;
+    }
+  }
+
+  LinkedListEntry<T>* head() const {
+    return header_ != nullptr ? header_->head : nullptr;
+  }
+
+  LinkedListHeader* header_;
   DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(LinkedList);
 };
diff --git a/linker/linker_block_allocator.cpp b/linker/linker_block_allocator.cpp
index 5b68b1d..60e5e1c 100644
--- a/linker/linker_block_allocator.cpp
+++ b/linker/linker_block_allocator.cpp
@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@
 #include <inttypes.h>
 #include <string.h>
 #include <sys/mman.h>
+#include <sys/param.h>
 #include <sys/prctl.h>
 #include <unistd.h>
 
@@ -39,11 +40,6 @@
 static constexpr size_t kAllocateSize = PAGE_SIZE * 100;
 static_assert(kAllocateSize % PAGE_SIZE == 0, "Invalid kAllocateSize.");
 
-// the multiplier should be power of 2
-static constexpr size_t round_up(size_t size, size_t multiplier) {
-  return (size + (multiplier - 1)) & ~(multiplier-1);
-}
-
 struct LinkerBlockAllocatorPage {
   LinkerBlockAllocatorPage* next;
   uint8_t bytes[kAllocateSize - 16] __attribute__((aligned(16)));
@@ -54,13 +50,14 @@
   size_t num_free_blocks;
 };
 
+static_assert(kBlockSizeAlign >= alignof(FreeBlockInfo));
+static_assert(kBlockSizeMin == sizeof(FreeBlockInfo));
+
 LinkerBlockAllocator::LinkerBlockAllocator(size_t block_size)
-  : block_size_(
-      round_up(block_size < sizeof(FreeBlockInfo) ? sizeof(FreeBlockInfo) : block_size, 16)),
-    page_list_(nullptr),
-    free_block_list_(nullptr),
-    allocated_(0)
-{}
+    : block_size_(__BIONIC_ALIGN(MAX(block_size, kBlockSizeMin), kBlockSizeAlign)),
+      page_list_(nullptr),
+      free_block_list_(nullptr),
+      allocated_(0) {}
 
 void* LinkerBlockAllocator::alloc() {
   if (free_block_list_ == nullptr) {
diff --git a/linker/linker_block_allocator.h b/linker/linker_block_allocator.h
index 8ae4094..32656c7 100644
--- a/linker/linker_block_allocator.h
+++ b/linker/linker_block_allocator.h
@@ -33,6 +33,9 @@
 
 #include <android-base/macros.h>
 
+static constexpr size_t kBlockSizeAlign = sizeof(void*);
+static constexpr size_t kBlockSizeMin = sizeof(void*) * 2;
+
 struct LinkerBlockAllocatorPage;
 
 /*
diff --git a/linker/linker_block_allocator_test.cpp b/linker/linker_block_allocator_test.cpp
index 6fb2b26..56fbee8 100644
--- a/linker/linker_block_allocator_test.cpp
+++ b/linker/linker_block_allocator_test.cpp
@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <string.h>
 #include <sys/mman.h>
+#include <sys/param.h>
 
 #include <gtest/gtest.h>
 
@@ -44,12 +45,16 @@
 };
 
 /*
- * this one has size below allocator cap which is 2*sizeof(void*)
+ * this one has size below kBlockSizeAlign
  */
 struct test_struct_small {
-  char str[5];
+  char str[3];
 };
 
+struct test_struct_max_align {
+  char str[16];
+} __attribute__((aligned(16)));
+
 /*
  * 1009 byte struct (1009 is prime)
  */
@@ -58,54 +63,49 @@
 };
 
 static size_t kPageSize = sysconf(_SC_PAGE_SIZE);
-};
 
-TEST(linker_allocator, test_nominal) {
-  LinkerTypeAllocator<test_struct_nominal> allocator;
+template <typename Element>
+void linker_allocator_test_helper() {
+  LinkerTypeAllocator<Element> allocator;
 
-  test_struct_nominal* ptr1 = allocator.alloc();
+  Element* ptr1 = allocator.alloc();
   ASSERT_TRUE(ptr1 != nullptr);
-  ASSERT_EQ(0U, reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(ptr1) % 16);
-  test_struct_nominal* ptr2 = allocator.alloc();
-  ASSERT_EQ(0U, reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(ptr2) % 16);
+  ASSERT_EQ(0U, reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(ptr1) % kBlockSizeAlign);
+  ASSERT_EQ(0U, reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(ptr1) % alignof(Element));
+  Element* ptr2 = allocator.alloc();
+  ASSERT_EQ(0U, reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(ptr2) % kBlockSizeAlign);
+  ASSERT_EQ(0U, reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(ptr2) % alignof(Element));
   ASSERT_TRUE(ptr2 != nullptr);
-  // they should be next to each other.
-  ASSERT_EQ(reinterpret_cast<uint8_t*>(ptr1)+16, reinterpret_cast<uint8_t*>(ptr2));
 
-  ptr1->value = 42;
+  // they should be next to each other.
+  size_t dist = __BIONIC_ALIGN(MAX(sizeof(Element), kBlockSizeMin), kBlockSizeAlign);
+  ASSERT_EQ(reinterpret_cast<uint8_t*>(ptr1) + dist, reinterpret_cast<uint8_t*>(ptr2));
 
   allocator.free(ptr1);
   allocator.free(ptr2);
 }
 
+};  // anonymous namespace
+
+TEST(linker_allocator, test_nominal) {
+  linker_allocator_test_helper<test_struct_nominal>();
+}
+
 TEST(linker_allocator, test_small) {
-  LinkerTypeAllocator<test_struct_small> allocator;
+  linker_allocator_test_helper<test_struct_small>();
+}
 
-  char* ptr1 = reinterpret_cast<char*>(allocator.alloc());
-  char* ptr2 = reinterpret_cast<char*>(allocator.alloc());
-
-  ASSERT_TRUE(ptr1 != nullptr);
-  ASSERT_EQ(0U, reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(ptr1) % 16);
-  ASSERT_TRUE(ptr2 != nullptr);
-  ASSERT_EQ(0U, reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(ptr2) % 16);
-  ASSERT_EQ(ptr1+16, ptr2); // aligned to 16
+TEST(linker_allocator, test_max_align) {
+  linker_allocator_test_helper<test_struct_max_align>();
 }
 
 TEST(linker_allocator, test_larger) {
+  linker_allocator_test_helper<test_struct_larger>();
+
   LinkerTypeAllocator<test_struct_larger> allocator;
 
-  test_struct_larger* ptr1 = allocator.alloc();
-  test_struct_larger* ptr2 = allocator.alloc();
-
-  ASSERT_TRUE(ptr1 != nullptr);
-  ASSERT_EQ(0U, reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(ptr1) % 16);
-  ASSERT_TRUE(ptr2 != nullptr);
-  ASSERT_EQ(0U, reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(ptr2) % 16);
-
-  ASSERT_EQ(reinterpret_cast<uint8_t*>(ptr1) + 1024, reinterpret_cast<uint8_t*>(ptr2));
-
   // lets allocate until we reach next page.
-  size_t n = kPageSize/sizeof(test_struct_larger) + 1 - 2;
+  size_t n = kPageSize / sizeof(test_struct_larger) + 1;
 
   for (size_t i=0; i<n; ++i) {
     ASSERT_TRUE(allocator.alloc() != nullptr);
@@ -113,7 +113,6 @@
 
   test_struct_larger* ptr_to_free = allocator.alloc();
   ASSERT_TRUE(ptr_to_free != nullptr);
-  allocator.free(ptr1);
 }
 
 static void protect_all() {